Jason DeBlois
We construct examples of hyperbolic rational homology spheres and hyperbolic knot complements in rational homology spheres containing closed embedded totally geodesic surfaces.
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We offer an alternative construction of Roberts' totally twisted Khovanov homology and prove that it agrees with delta-graded reduced characteristic-2 Khovanov homology.
The first examples of totally geodesic Seifert surfaces are constructed for hyperbolic knots and links, including both free and totally knotted surfaces. Then it is proved that two bridge knot complements cannot contain totally geodesic orientable surfaces.
We lift the characteristic-2 totally twisted Khovanov homology of Roberts and Jaeger to a theory with integer coefficients. The result is a complex computing reduced odd Khovanov homology for knots. This complex is equivalent to a spanning-tree complex whose differential is explicit modulo a sign ambiguity coming from the need to choose a sign assignment in the definition of odd Khovanov homology.
In this paper we prove that one can find surgeries arbitrarily close to infinity in the Dehn surgery space of the figure eight knot complement for which some immersed totally geodesic surface compresses.
We define a variation of Khovanov homology with an explicit description in terms of the spanning trees of a link projection. We prove that this new theory is a link invariant and describe some of its properties. Finally, we provide some the results of some computer computations of the invariant.
Totally Geodesic Spanning Surfaces of Knots and Links in 3-Manifolds
本文在多种3-流形中构造了具有全测地张成曲面的无限纽结与链环族，并指出其与虚拟纽结的联系。
This notes explores angle structures on ideally triangulated compact $3$-manifolds with high genus boundary. We show that the existence of angle structures implies the existence of a hyperbolic metric with totally geodesic boundary, and conversely each hyperbolic $3$-manifold with totally geodesic boundary has an ideal triangulation that admits angle structures.
We prove that alternating links with two totally geodesic checkerboard surfaces are three links with projection the 1-skeleton of the octahedron, the cuboctahedron and the icosidodecahedron. We also characterize these links as right-angled completely realisable links and show that all hyperbolic weaving knots with two exceptions have both checkerboard surfaces not totally geodesic.
Kerckhoff and Storm conjectured that compact hyperbolic n-orbifolds with totally geodesic boundary are infinitesimally rigid when n>3. This paper verifies this conjecture for a specific example based on the 4-dimensional hyperbolic 120-cell.
Given a compact orientable 3-manifold M whose boundary is a hyperbolic surface and a simple closed curve C in its boundary, every knot in M is homotopic to one whose complement admits a complete hyperbolic structure with totally geodesic boundary in which the geodesic representative of C is as small as you like.
Totally geodesic hyperbolic 3-manifolds in hyperbolic link complements of tori in $S^4$
该研究针对四维球面中二维环面的双曲链环补空间，证明其内部不存在闭的嵌入全测地双曲3-流形，为高维双曲流形的几何结构研究提供了新结论。
We generalize the results of [AS], finding large classes of totally geodesic Seifert surfaces in hyperbolic knot and link complements, each the lift of a rigid 2-orbifold embedded in some hyperbolic 3-orbifold. In addition, we provide a uniqueness theorem and demonstrate that many knots cannot possess totally geodesic Seifert surfaces by giving bounds on the width invariant in the presence of such a surface. Finally, we utilize these examples to demonstrate that the Six Theorem is sharp for knot complements in the 3-sphere.
Totally Geodesic Surfaces in Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds: Algorithms and Examples
本文提出判定曲面全测地性及流形含全测地曲面的算法，应用于15万+流形发现9例，并验证Menasco-Reid猜想至12交叉纽结。
We show that for a surface S, the subgraph of the pants graph determined by fixing a collection of curves that cut S into pairs of pants, once-punctured tori, and four-times-punctured spheres is totally geodesic. The main theorem resolves a special case of a conjecture made by Aramayona, Parlier, and Shackleton and has the implication that an embedded product of Farey graphs in any pants graph is totally geodesic. In addition, we show that a pants graph contains a convex n-flat if and only if it contains an n-quasi-flat.
A real projective orbifold has a radial end if a neighborhood of the end is foliated by projective geodesics that develop into geodesics ending at a common point. It has a totally geodesic end if the end can be completed to have the totally geodesic boundary. The purpose of this paper is to announce some partial results. A real projective structure sometimes admits deformations to parameters of real projective structures. We will prove a homeomorphism between the deformation space of convex real projective structures on an orbifold $\mathcal{O}$ with radial or totally geodesic ends with variou…
In this article, we investigate the problem of counting totally geodesic surfaces in the complement of hyperbolic knots with at most 9 crossings. Adapting previous counting techniques of boundary slope and intersection, we establish uniqueness of a totally geodesic surface for the knots $7_4$ and $9_{35}$. Extending an obstruction to the existence of totally geodesic surfaces due to Calegari, we show that there is no totally geodesic surface in the complement of 47 knots.
In this article, we give explicit examples of infinitely many non-commensurable (non-arithmetic) hyperbolic $3$-manifolds admitting exactly $k$ totally geodesic surfaces for any positive integer $k$, answering a question of Bader, Fisher, Miller and Stover. The construction comes from a family of twist knot complements and their dihedral covers. The case $k=1$ arises from the uniqueness of an immersed totally geodesic thrice-punctured sphere, answering a question of Reid. Applying the proof techniques of the main result, we explicitly construct non-elementary maximal Fuchsian subgroups of infi…
Real projective structures on $n$-orbifolds are useful in understanding the space of representations of discrete groups into $\mathrm{SL}(n+1, \mathbb{R})$ or $\mathrm{PGL}(n+1, \mathbb{R})$. A recent work shows that many hyperbolic manifolds deform to manifolds with such structures not projectively equivalent to the original ones. The purpose of this paper is to understand the structures of ends of real projective $n$-dimensional orbifolds. In particular, these have the radial or totally geodesic ends. In previous papers, we classified properly convex or complete radial ends under suitable co…
In this paper we examine the relationship between the length spectrum and the geometric genus spectrum of an arithmetic hyperbolic 3-orbifold M. In particular we analyze the extent to which the geometry of M is determined by the closed geodesics coming from finite area totally geodesic surfaces. Using a variety of techniques from analytic number theory, we address the following problems: Is the commensurability class of an arithmetic hyperbolic 3-orbifold determined by the lengths of closed geodesics lying on totally geodesic surfaces?, Do there exist arithmetic hyperbolic 3-orbifolds whose "s…
We study embedding of closed totally geodesic hyperbolic 2-orbifolds in the Bianchi orbifolds $\mathbb{H}^3/PSL(2,\mathcal{O}_d)$. Our main result shows that there is a constant $c$ such that for $d$ large enough there are at least $cd$ closed embedded totally geodesic hyperbolic 2-orbifolds. Moreover we provide a list which conjecturally consists of those $d$ for which $\mathbb{H}^3/PSL(2,\mathcal{O}_d)$ does not contain a closed embedded totally geodesic hyperbolic 2-orbifold.
Real projective structures on $n$-orbifolds are useful in understanding the space of representations of discrete groups into $\mathrm{SL}(n+1, \mathbb{R})$ or $\mathrm{PGL}(n+1, \mathbb{R})$. A recent work shows that many hyperbolic manifolds deform to manifolds with such structures not projectively equivalent to the original ones. The purpose of this paper is to understand the structures of ends of real projective $n$-dimensional orbifolds. In particular, these have the radial or totally geodesic ends. Hyperbolic manifolds with cusps and hyper-ideal ends are examples. For this, we will study …
Real projective structures on $n$-orbifolds are useful in understanding the space of representations of discrete groups into $SL(n+1, \mathbb{R})$ or $PGL(n+1, \mathbb{R})$. A recent work shows that many hyperbolic manifolds deform to manifolds with such structures not projectively equivalent to the original ones. The purpose of this paper is to understand the structures of ends of real projective $n$-dimensional orbifolds. In particular, these have the radial or totally geodesic ends. Hyperbolic manifolds with cusps and hyper-ideal ends are examples. For this, we will study the natural condit…
We describe a bordered version of totally twisted Khovanov homology. We first twist Roberts's type $D$ structure by adding a "vertical" type $D$ structure which generalizes the vertical map in twisted tangle homology. One of the distinct advantages of our type $D$ structure is that it is homotopy equivalent to a type $D$ structure supported on "spanning tree" generators. We also describe how to twist Roberts's type $A$ structure for a left tangle in such a way that pairing our type $A$ and type $D$ structures will result in the totally twisted Khovanov homology.
A closed totally geodesic surface in the figure eight knot complement remains incompressible in all but finitely many Dehn fillings. In this paper, we show that there is no universal upper bound on the number of such fillings, independent of the surface. This answers a question of Ying-Qing Wu.
We prove that if a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold M contains infinitely many totally geodesic surfaces, then M is arithmetic.
Our main theorem asserts that every Farey graph embedded in the 1-skeleton of the pants complex of any finite type surface is totally geodesic.
We study totally geodesic planes in hyperbolic 3-manifolds $M$ having incompressible core and degenerate ends. We prove a Ratner-type phenomenon: a closed minimal $PSL(2,R)-$invariant subset of $M$ is either an immersed totally geodesic surface or all of $M$. We also show that for an arbitrary infinite volume hyperbolic 3-manifold $M$ without parabolics and with finitely generated fundamental group, the number of compact totally geodesic surfaces in $M$ is finite.
Totally geodesic submanifolds of Teichmuller space
本文证明了 Teichmuller 空间中维数大于一的全测地子流形均覆盖全测地子簇，并证明每个模空间中此类子簇仅有有限多个。
Finiteness of totally geodesic hypersurfaces
本文研究闭负曲率解析黎曼流形中全测地超曲面的数量问题，证明其有限性，除非流形为常曲率（此时等距于算术双曲流形），揭示了全测地超曲面数量与流形曲率性质的深刻关联。
The geodesic length spectrum of a complete, finite volume, hyperbolic 3-orbifold M is a fundamental invariant of the topology of M via Mostow-Prasad Rigidity. Motivated by this, the second author and Reid defined a two-dimensional analogue of the geodesic length spectrum given by the multiset of isometry types of totally geodesic, immersed, finite-area surfaces of M called the geometric genus spectrum. They showed that if $M$ is arithmetic and contains a totally geodesic surface, then the geometric genus spectrum of M determines its commensurability class. In this paper we define a coarser inv…
Let $G/Γ$ be the quotient of a semisimple Lie group by an arithmetic lattice. We show that for reductive subgroups $H$ of $G$ that is large enough, the orbits of $H$ on $G/Γ$ intersect nontrivially with a fixed compact set. As a consequence, we deduce finiteness result for totally geodesic submanifolds of arithmetic quotients of symmetric spaces that do not admit nontrivial deformation and with bounded volume. Our work generalizes previous work of Tomanov--Weiss and Oh on this topic.
Totally Geodesic Submanifolds of Teichmüller Space in Complex Dimension at Least Three
本文证明复维数至少为三的Teichmüller空间全测地子流形必为有限分歧覆盖诱导的整个Teichmüller空间之像，解答了Arana-Herrera与Wright的公开问题。
Given a metric space $X$ and a subspace $A\subset X$, we prove $A$ can generate various algebraic elements in persistent homology of $X$. We call such elements (algebraic) footprints of $A$. Our results imply that footprints typically appear in dimensions above the dimension of $A$. Higher-dimensional persistent homology thus encodes lower-dimensional geometric features of $X$. We pay special attention to a specific type of geodesics in a geodesic surface $X$ called geodesic circles. We explain how they may generate non-trivial odd-dimensional and two-dimensional footprints. In particular, we …
In this paper we analyze and classify the totally geodesic subspaces of finite volume quaternionic hyperbolic orbifolds and their generalizations, locally symmetric orbifolds arising from irreducible lattices in Lie groups of the form $(\mathbf{Sp}_{2n}(\mathbb{R}))^q \times \prod_{i=1}^r \mathbf{Sp}(p_i,n-p_i) \times (\mathbf{Sp}_{2n}(\mathbb{C}))^s$. We give criteria for when the totally geodesic subspaces of such an orbifold determine its commensurability class. We give a parametrization of the commensurability classes of finite volume quaternionic hyperbolic orbifolds in terms of arithmeti…
Real projective structures on $n$-orbifolds are useful in understanding the space of representations of discrete groups into $\mathrm{SL}(n+1, \mathbb{R})$ or $\mathrm{PGL}(n+1, \mathbb{R})$. A recent work shows that many hyperbolic manifolds deform to manifolds with such structures not projectively equivalent to the original ones. The purpose of this paper is to understand the structures of properly convex ends of real projective $n$-dimensional orbifolds. In particular, these have the radial or totally geodesic ends. For this, we will study the natural conditions on eigenvalues of holonomy r…
Simplicial volume and isolated, closed totally geodesic submanifolds of codimension one
本文证明含余维数一孤立闭全测地子流形的非正曲率闭流形具有正单纯体积，并推出非正弯曲解析流形在万有覆叠含余维数一平坦时的二分结论。
The polyhedral decomposition of cusped hyperbolic $n$-manifolds with totally geodesic boundary
该研究针对带全测地边界的体积有限非紧完备双曲$n$-流形，证明其存在由理想多面体或带单个截断面的部分截断多面体构成的多面体分解，用两种方法验证结论并证明分解数量有限，完善了相关流形分解理论。
We consider the Weil-Petersson gradient vector field of renormalized volume on the deformation space of convex cocompact hyperbolic structures on (relatively) acylindrical manifolds. In this paper we prove the conjecture that the flow has a global attracting fixed point at the structure $M_{\rm geod}$ the unique structure with minimum convex core volume.
The boundary of a totally geodesic subvariety of moduli space
该研究针对模空间$\mathcal{M}_{g,n}$中关于泰希米勒度量的全测地子簇，证明其在德利涅-芒福德边界各层中的轨迹仍为全测地，且可分解为素分量，各分量到因子的投影在适当意义下局部等距。
In this paper we show that totally geodesic subspaces determine the commensurability class of a standard arithmetic hyperbolic $n$-orbifold, $n\ge 4$. Many of the results are more general and apply to locally symmetric spaces associated to arithmetic lattices in $\mathbb{R}$-simple Lie groups of type $B_n$ and $D_n$. We use a combination of techniques from algebraic groups and quadratic forms to prove several results about these spaces.
Properness and finiteness of totally geodesic submanifolds in the convex core
本文研究几何有限秩一局部对称流形凸核内的全测地子流形，证明其凸核内维数≥2的极大全测地子流形正常浸入、体积有限且数量有限，结合已有工作推导得出含无穷多该类子流形的对应流形必为算术流形。
Totally Geodesic Submanifolds in Products of Non-Positively Curved Manifolds
研究非正曲率闭 manifold M 和 M×M 中满足正交条件的 n 维完全测地子流形，证明在 M 满足一定不可约性条件下，若 M×M 存在无限多个此类子流形或单个致密子流形，则 M 是局部对称空间。
The geometry of totally geodesic subvarieties of moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces
该论文证明了黎曼曲面模空间中全测地子簇边界的半单性，并据此证明了相关Teichmüller子流形和轨道基本群是层次双曲的，为这些对象提供了新工具。
We define a norm on homology of punctured tori equipped with a complete hyperbolic metric of finite volume and use it to find asymptotics on the growth of the number of simple geodesics of bounded length.
A real projective orbifold is an $n$-dimensional orbifold modeled on $\mathbb{RP}^n$ with the group $PGL(n+1, \mathbb{R})$. We concentrate on an orbifold that contains a compact codimension $0$ submanifold whose complement is a union of neighborhoods of ends, diffeomorphic to closed $(n-1)$-dimensional orbifolds times intervals. A real projective orbifold has a {\it radial end} if a neighborhood of the end is foliated by projective geodesics that develop into geodesics ending at a common point. It has a {\it totally geodesic end} if the end can be completed to have the totally geodesic boundar…
We apply the techniques of totally twisted Khovanov homology to the constructions by M. Asaeda, J. Przytycki, and A. Sikora of Khovanov type homologies for links and tangles in I-bundles over (orientable) surfaces. As a result we describe an invariant chain complex built out of resolutions with only non-contractible circles. We use these to understand the δ-graded homology for links with alternating projection to the surface.
Coning off totally geodesic boundary components of a hyperbolic manifold
本文研究了双曲流形全测地边界成分锥化后的几何性质，证明了锥化后的空间具有负曲率，并给出了局部凸子集的条件。
Let $Γ$ be a lattice in $\mathrm{SO}_0(n, 1)$. We prove that if the associated locally symmetric space contains infinitely many maximal totally geodesic subspaces of dimension at least $2$, then $Γ$ is arithmetic. This answers a question of Reid for hyperbolic $n$-manifolds and, independently, McMullen for hyperbolic $3$-manifolds. We prove these results by proving a superrigidity theorem for certain representations of such lattices. The proof of our superrigidity theorem uses results on equidistribution from homogeneous dynamics and our main result also admits a formulation in that language.
We parametrize the commensurability classes of curves on Shimura surfaces that are totally geodesic, i.e., the commensurability classes of so-called $\mathbb{C}$-Fuchsian subgroups. In particular, if a Shimura surface contains one commensurability class of totally geodesic curves, it contains infinitely many.
Closed geodesics in homology classes on random hyperbolic surfaces of large genus
研究大亏格随机双曲曲面上同调类中闭测地线分布，通过将曲面视为模空间随机点，研究闭测地线加权计数函数波动，得出大亏格极限下不同模的方差情况，与胡利猜想对比并给出差异解释。
Closed geodesics in homology classes modulo sublattices
研究Weil-Petersson随机双曲曲面中同调类模素指数格的本原闭测地线分布，计算加权计数函数中心矩、分析方差渐近行为，结果类同算术级数素数分布现象。
For $n \ge 2$, we prove that a finite volume complex hyperbolic $n$-manifold containing infinitely many maximal properly immersed totally geodesic submanifolds of dimension at least two is arithmetic, paralleling our previous work for real hyperbolic manifolds. As in the real hyperbolic case, our primary result is a superrigidity theorem for certain representations of complex hyperbolic lattices. The proof requires developing new general tools not needed in the real hyperbolic case. Our main results also have a number of other applications. For example, we prove nonexistence of certain maps be…
Let $g_t$ be a smooth 1-parameter family of negatively curved metrics on a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold $M$ starting at the hyperbolic metric. We construct foliations of the Grassmann bundle $Gr_2(M)$ of tangent 2-planes whose leaves are (lifts of) minimal surfaces in $(M,g_t)$. These foliations are deformations of the foliation of $Gr_2(M)$ by (lifts of) totally geodesic planes projected down from the universal cover $\mathbb{H}^3$. Our construction continues to work as long as the sum of the squares of the principal curvatures of the (projections to $M$) of the leaves remains pointwise small…
Geometrically and topologically random surfaces in a closed hyperbolic three manifold
本文研究闭双曲三维流形中随机极小曲面的极限测度，发现拓扑极限测度在全测地子曲面存在时完全疤痕，而几何极限测度则不然。
In this paper we present the full details of the construction of a Morse-Floer type homology related to the super-quadratic perturbation of the Dirac-geodesic model. This homology is computed explicitly using a Leray-Serre type spectral sequence and this computation leads us to several existence results of Dirac-geodesics.
Asymptotically geodesic surfaces
该研究探讨双曲流形中渐近测地曲面序列的性质，证明有限体积双曲3-流形中此类序列在2-平面格拉斯曼丛渐近稠密、无限体积几何有限情形下不存在，并给出高维情形约束更弱的例子及相关负曲率流形问题的部分解答。
We prove by an algebraic method that the embedding of the Teichmuller space in the space of geodesic currents is totally linearly independent. We prove a similar result for all negatively curved surfaces using an ergodic argument.
Let W be a compact hyperbolic n-manifold with totally geodesic boundary. We prove that if n>3 then the holonomy representation of pi_1 (W) into the isometry group of hyperbolic n-space is infinitesimally rigid.
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