David Dos Santos Ferreira, Carlos Kenig, Johannes Sjoestrand, Gunther Uhlmann
In this paper we show, in dimension n >=3, that knowledge of the Cauchy data for the Schroedinger equation in the presence of a magnetic potential, measured on possibly very small subsets of the boundary, determines uniquely the magnetic field and the electric potential.
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The Cauchy problem for a coupled system of the Schroedinger and the KdV equation is shown to be globally well-posed for data with infinite energy. The proof uses refined bilinear Strichartz estimates and the I-method introduced by Colliander, Keel, Staffilani, Takaoka, and Tao.
It is shown that the Cauchy problem for the DNLS equation in the spatially periodic setting is locally well-posed in Sobolev spaces H^s(T) for s \geq 1/2. Moreover, global well-posedness is shown for s \geq 1 and data with small L^2 norm.
The Cauchy- and periodic boundary value problem for the nonlinear Schroedinger equations in $n$ space dimensions [u_t - iΔu = (\nabla \bar{u})^β, |β|=m \ge 2, u(0)=u_0 \in H^{s+1}_x] is shown to be locally well posed for $s > s_c := \frac{n}{2} - \frac{1}{m-1}$, $s \ge 0$. In the special case of space dimension $n=1$ a global $L^2$-result is obtained for NLS with the nonlinearity $N(u)= \partial_x (\bar{u} ^2)$. The proof uses the Fourier restriction norm method.
The Cauchy problem for a coupled Schroedinger and Benjamin - Ono system is shown to be globally well-posed for a class of data without finite energy. The proof uses the I-method introduced by Colliander, Keel, Staffilani, Takaoka, and Tao.
Generalized solutions of the Cauchy problem for the one-dimensional periodic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, with certain nonlinearities, are not unique. For any $s<0$ there exist nonzero generalized solutions varying continuously in the Sobolev space $H^s$, with identically vanishing initial data.
The Fourier transforms of the products of two respectively three solutions of the free Schroedinger equation in one space dimension are estimated in mixed and, in the first case weighted, L^p - norms. Inserted into an appropriate variant of the Fourier restriction norm method, these estimates serve to prove local well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for the cubic nonlinear Schroedinger (NLS) equation with data u_0 in the function space ^L^r:=^H^r_0, where for s \in R the spaces ^H^r_s are defined by the norms ||u_0||_{^H^r_s}:=||^u_0||_{L^r'_ξ}, 1/r + 1/r'=1. Similar arguments, combined with a…
We prove for a two dimensional bounded domain that the Cauchy data for the Schroedinger equation measured on an arbitrary open subset of the boundary determines uniquely the potential. This implies, for the conductivity equation, that if we measure the current fluxes at the boundary on an arbitrary open subset of the boundary produced by voltage potentials supported in the same subset, we can determine uniquely the conductivity. We use Carleman estimates with degenerate weight functions to construct appropriate complex geometrical optics solutions to prove the results.
We shall study the following initial value problem: \begin{equation}{\bf i}\partial_t u - Δu + V(x) u=0, \hbox{} (t, x) \in {\mathbf R} \times {\mathbf R}^n, \end{equation} $$u(0)=f,$$ where $V(x)$ is a real short--range potential, whose radial derivative satisfies some supplementary assumptions. More precisely we shall present a family of identities satisfied by the solutions to the previous Cauchy problem. As a by--product of these identities we deduce some uniqueness results and a lower bound for the so called local smoothing which becomes an identity in a precise asymptotic sense.
We prove two new results about the Cauchy problem for nonlinear Schroedinger equations on four-dimensional compact manifolds. The first one concerns global wellposedness for Hartree-type nonlinearities and includes approximations of cubic NLS on the sphere. The second one provides local wellposedness for quadratic nonlinearities in the case of zonal data on the sphere. Both results are based on new multilinear Strichartz-type estimates for the Schroedinger group.
We consider the inverse problem of determining the coefficients of a general second-order elliptic operator in two dimensions by measuring the corresponding Cauchy data on an arbitrary open subset of the boundary. We show that one can determine the coefficients of the operator up to natural obstructions such as conformal invariance, gauge transformations and diffeomorphism invariance. We use the main result to prove that the curl of the magnetic field and the electric potential are uniquely determined by measuring partial Cauchy data associated to the magnetic Schroedinger equation measured on…
We study the Cauchy problem for a system of two coupled nonlinear focusing Schroedinger equations arising in nonlinear optics. We discuss when the solutions are global in time or blow-up in finite time. Some results, in dependence of the data of the problem, are proved; in particular we give a bound, depending on the coupling parameter, for the blow-up threshold.
In a previous article of Dos Santos Ferreira, Kenig, Salo and Uhlmann, anisotropic inverse problems were considered in certain admissible geometries, that is, on compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary which are conformally embedded in a product of the Euclidean line and a simple manifold. In particular, it was proved that a bounded smooth potential in a Schrödinger equation was uniquely determined by the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map in dimensions n \geq 3. In this article we extend this result to the case of unbounded potentials, namely those in Ln/2. In the process, we derive Lp Carleman esti…
We extend results of Dos Santos Ferreira-Kenig-Sjoestrand-Uhlmann (math.AP/0601466) to less smooth coefficients, and we show that measurements on part of the boundary for the magnetic Schroedinger operator determine uniquely the magnetic field related to a Hoelder continuous potential. We give a similar result for determining a convection term. The proofs involve Carleman estimates, a smoothing procedure, and an extension of the Nakamura-Uhlmann pseudodifferential conjugation method to logarithmic Carleman weights.
We consider the Cauchy problem for the wave equation in $Ω\times{\mathbb R}$ with data given on some part of the boundary $\partialΩ\times{\mathbb R}$. We provide a reconstruction algorithm for this problem based on analytic expressions. Our result is applicable to the problem of determining nonstationary wave field arising in geophysics, photoacoustic tomography, tsunami wave source recovery.
We consider the nonstationary linearized Navier-Stokes equations in a bounded domain and first we prove a Carleman estimate with a regular weight function. Second we apply the Carleman estimate to a lateral Cauchy problem for the Navier-Stokes equations and prove the Hölder stability in determining the velocity and pressure field in an interior domain.
We prove existence of strongly continuous evolution systems in L^2 for Schroedinger-type equations with non-Lipschitz coefficients in the principal part. The underlying operator structure is motivated from models of paraxial approximations of wave propagation in geophysics. Thus, the evolution direction is a spatial coordinate (depth) with additional pseudodifferential terms in time and low regularity in the lateral variables. We formulate and analyze the Cauchy problem in distribution spaces with mixed regularity. The key point in the evolution system construction is an elliptic regularity re…
We analyse a nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the time-evolution of the wave function of an electron beam, interacting selfconsistently through a Hartree-Fock nonlinearity and through the repulsive Coulomb interaction of an atomic nucleus. The electrons are supposed to move under the action of a time dependent, rapidly periodically oscillating electromagnetic potential. This can be considered a simplified effective single particle model for an X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL). We prove the existence and uniqueness for the Cauchy problem and the convergence of wave-functions to corresponding …
We consider the inverse boundary value problem of determining the potential $q$ in the equation $Δu + qu = 0$ in $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^n$, from local Cauchy data. A result of global Lipschitz stability is obtained in dimension $n\geq 3$ for potentials that are piecewise linear on a given partition of $Ω$. No sign, nor spectrum condition on $q$ is assumed, hence our treatment encompasses the reduced wave equation $Δu + k^2c^{-2}u=0$ at fixed frequency $k$.
Inverse Random Source and Cauchy Problems for Semi-Discrete Stochastic Parabolic Equations in Arbitrary Dimensions
本文研究了半离散随机抛物方程在任意维度中的逆源和Cauchy逆问题，利用新的Carleman估计获得稳定性结果。
We prove local in time well-posedness for the Zakharov system in two space dimensions with large initial data in L^2 x H^{-1/2} x H^{-3/2}. This is the space of optimal regularity in the sense that the data-to-solution map fails to be smooth at the origin for any rougher pair of spaces in the L^2-based Sobolev scale. Moreover, it is a natural space for the Cauchy problem in view of the subsonic limit equation, namely the focusing cubic nonlinear Schroedinger equation. The existence time we obtain depends only upon the corresponding norms of the initial data - a result which is false for the cu…
Identification of an inclusion from local Cauchy data for time-harmonic elastic waves
针对时谐弹性波反问题，利用局部柯西数据，在无频谱假设下建立对数型稳定性估计，并给出小频率下局部Dirichlet-to-Neumann映射的稳定性结果。
In this paper we investigate the non-linear and ill-posed inverse problem of simultaneously identifying the conductivity and the reaction in diffuse optical tomography with noisy measurement data available on an accessible part of the boundary. We propose an energy functional method and the total variational regularization combining with the quadratic stabilizing term to formulate the identification problem to a PDEs constrained optimization problem. We show the stability of the proposed regularization method and the convergence of the finite element regularized solutions to the identification…
This paper is devoted to the inverse problem of recovering simultaneously a potential and a point source in a Shrödinger equation from the associated nonlinear Dirichlet to Neumann map. The uniqueness of the inversion is proved and logarithmic stability estimates are derived. It is well known that the inverse problem of determining only the potential while knowing the source, is ill-posed. In contrast the problem of identifying a point source when the potential is given is well posed. The obtained results show that the nonlinear Dirichlet to Neumann map contains enough information to determine…
We study the Cauchy problem for the cubic nonlinear Schroedinger equation, perturbed by (higher order) dissipative nonlinearities. We prove global in-time existence of solutions for general initial data in the energy space. In particular we treat the energy-critical case of a quintic dissipation in three space dimensions.
We prove the existence of weak solutions in the space of energy for a class of non-linear Schroedinger equations in the presence of a external rough magnetic potential. Under our assumptions it is not possible to study the problem by means of usual arguments like resolvent techniques or Fourier integral operators, for example. We use a parabolic regularization and we solve the approximating Cauchy problem. This is achieved by obtaining suitable smoothing estimates for the dissipative evolution. The total mass and energy bounds allow to extend the solution globally in time. We then infer suffic…
Stable determination of an anisotropic inclusion in the Schrödinger equation from local Cauchy data
本文研究利用局部柯西数据反演非均匀各向异性介质中薛定谔方程夹杂物的问题，建立了对数稳定性估计，并给出了基于失配泛函的稳定性结果。
We consider an inverse problem of determining coefficient matrices in an $N$-system of second-order elliptic equations in a bounded two dimensional domain by a set of Cauchy data on arbitrary subboundary. The main result of the article is as follows: If two systems of elliptic operators generate the same set of partial Cauchy data on an arbitrary subboundary, then the coefficient matrices of the first-order and zero-order terms satisfy the prescribed system of first-order partial differential equations. The main result implies the uniqueness of any two coefficient matrices provided that the on…
Given a particular solution of a one-dimensional stationary Schroedinger equation (SE) this equation of second order can be reduced to a first order linear differential equation. This is done with the aid of an auxiliary Riccati equation. We show that a similar fact is true in a multidimensional situation also. We consider the case of two or three independent variables. One particular solution of (SE) allows us to reduce this second order equation to a linear first order quaternionic differential equation. As in one-dimensional case this is done with the aid of an auxiliary Riccati equation. T…
On conditions determining formal automorphisms of integro-differential operators
本文研究积分-微分算子确定形式自同构的条件，将其等价转化为柯西问题形式解的存在唯一性，并在一般形式幂级数、Gevrey设置和矩微分算子等框架下给出三陈述结果。
We deal with the Cauchy problem for a perturbed wave equation in the half-plane with data given on a part of the space-time boundary. The equation in consideration describes a wave process in a laterally inhomogeneous medium. We propose a reconstruction algorithm, which is applicable to the problem of determining nonstationary wave field from boundary data arising in geophysics.
We study the inverse problem of determining the coefficients of the fractional power of a general second order elliptic operator given in the exterior of an open subset of the Euclidean space. We show the problem can be reduced into determining the coefficients from the boundary Cauchy data of the elliptic operator on the open set, the Calderón problem. As a corollary we establish several new results for nonlocal inverse problems by using the corresponding results for the local inverse problems. In particular the isotropic nonlocal Calderón problem can be resolved completely, assuming some reg…
We show that the knowledge of the set of the Cauchy data on the boundary of a $C^1$ bounded open set in $\R^n$, $n\ge 3$, for the Schrödinger operator with continuous magnetic and bounded electric potentials determines the magnetic field and electric potential inside the set uniquely. The proof is based on a Carleman estimate for the magnetic Schrödinger operator with a gain of two derivatives.
Recovery of a time-dependent potential in hyperbolic equations on conformally transversally anisotropic manifolds
本文研究共形横截各向异性流形上波动方程中时间相关位势的反问题，在衰减测地射线变换单射条件下，利用部分柯西数据证明了位势的唯一确定性。
Inverse coefficient problems for one-dimensional time-fractional diffusion equations
本文研究一维时间分数阶扩散方程的反系数问题，利用初值和单端点柯西数据证明了空间变化零阶系数确定的唯一性。
Uniqueness for an inverse problem of determining order and temporal factor of the source for time-fractional evolution equations
针对时间分数阶演化方程，研究同时恢复分数阶α和时变源因子p(t)的反问题，利用解在t=0附近的分解，证明了α和p(t)的唯一性。
Given $(M,g)$, a compact connected Riemannian manifold of dimension $d \geq 2$, with boundary $\partial M$, we study the inverse boundary value problem of determining a time-dependent potential $q$, appearing in the wave equation $\partial_t^2u-Δ_g u+q(t,x)u=0$ in $\bar M=(0,T)\times M$ with $T>0$. Under suitable geometric assumptions we prove global unique determination of $q\in L^\infty(\bar M)$ given the Cauchy data set on the whole boundary $\partial \bar M$, or on certain subsets of $\partial \bar M$. Our problem can be seen as an analogue of the Calderón problem on the Lorentzian manifol…
Inverse problem of determining the right-hand side of a one-dimensional fractional diffusion equation with variable coefficients
本文研究了在给定 Cauchy、齐次 Dirichlet 边界及积分超定条件下，求解变系数时间分数阶一维扩散方程右端项时间依赖乘子的反问题，显式构造了该反问题的解并证明了其在正则解类中的正确性。
We study the inverse boundary value problems of determining a potential in the Helmholtz type equation for the perturbed biharmonic operator from the knowledge of the partial Cauchy data set. Our geometric setting is that of a domain whose inaccessible portion of the boundary is contained in a hyperplane, and we are given the Cauchy data set on the complement. The uniqueness and logarithmic stability for this problem were established in [37] and [7], respectively. We establish stability estimates in the high frequency regime, with an explicit dependence on the frequency parameter, under mild r…
Partial data inverse problem for hyperbolic equation with time-dependent damping coefficient and potential
本文研究了在三维或更高维共形横向各向同性紧致黎曼流形上，利用特定部分 Cauchy 数据集唯一确定波动方程中时间依赖阻尼系数与势的反问题。
We consider initial boundary value problems for one-dimensional diffusion equation with time-fractional derivative of order $α\in (0,1)$ which are subject to non-zero Neumann boundary conditions. We prove the uniqueness for an inverse coefficient problem of determining a spatially varying potential and the order of the time-fractional derivative by Dirichlet data at one end point of the spatial interval. The imposed Neumann conditions are required to be within the correct Sobolev space of order $α$. Our proof is based on a representation formula of solution to an initial boundary value problem…
We study the impedance boundary map (or Robin-to-Robin map) for the Schrodinger equation in open bounded demain at fixed energy in multidimensions. We give global stability estimates for determining potential from these boundary data and, as corollary, from the Cauchy data set. Our results include also, in particular, an extension of the Alessandrini identity to the case of the impedance boundary map.
Let $Ω\subset \Bbb R^2$ be a bounded domain with $\partialΩ\in C^\infty$ and $L$ be a positive number. For a three dimensional cylindrical domain $Q=Ω\times (0,L)$, we obtain some uniqueness result of determining a complex-valued potential for the Schrödinger equation from partial Cauchy data when Dirichlet data vanish on a subboundary $(\partialΩ\setminus\widetildeΓ) \times [0,L]$ and the corresponding Neumann data are observed on $\widetildeΓ\times [0,L]$, where $\widetildeΓ$ is an arbitrary fixed open set of $\partialΩ.$
Nowadays we have many methods allowing to exploit the regularising properties of the linear part of a nonlinear dispersive equation (such as the KdV equation, the nonlinear wave or the nonlinear Schroedinger equations) in order to prove well-posedness in low regularity Sobolev spaces. By well-posedness in low regularity Sobolev spaces we mean that less regularity than the one imposed by the energy methods is required (the energy methods do not exploit the dispersive properties of the linear part of the equation). In many cases these methods to prove well-posedness in low regularity Sobolev spa…
We consider a Dirac-type operator $D_P$ on a vector bundle $V$ over a compact Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ with a nonempty boundary. The operator $D_P$ is specified by a boundary condition $P(u|_{\p M})=0$ where $P$ is a projector which may be a non-local, i.e. a pseudodifferential operator. We assume the existence of a chirality operator which decomposes $L^2(M, V)$ into two orthogonal subspaces $X_+ \oplus X_-$. Under certain conditions, the operator $D_P$ restricted to $X_+$ and $ X_-$ defines a pair of Fredholm operators which maps $X_+\to X_-$ and $X_-\to X_+$ correspondingly, giving rise …
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