Vijay Kodiyalam, V. S. Sunder
To a semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebra over an algebraically closed field, we associate a planar algebra defined by generators and relations and show that it is a connected, irreducible, spherical, non-degenerate planar algebra with non-zero modulus and of depth two. This association is shown to yield a bijection between (the isomorphism classes, on both sides, of) such objects.
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In this paper, we give several necessary conditions for non-cosemisimple coalgebras being admissible. The implications simplify the classification problems for Hopf algebras of dimension 45, 105 and a few others.
In this paper, we study finite dimensional non-cosemisimple Hopf algebras through its underlying coalgebra. We decompose such a Hopf algebra as a direct sum of `blocks'. Blocks are closely related to each other by `rules' and form the `block system'. Through the block system, we are able to give a lower bound for $\dim H$, where $H$ is a non-cosemisimple Hopf algebras with no nontrivial skew-primitives, and a series of results about non-cosemisimple Hopf algebras of dimension $12p, 15p, 16p, 20p\ \text{and}\ 21p$ with $p$ being a prime number.
Recently, important progress has been made in the study of finite-dimensional semisimple Hopf algebras over a field of characteristic zero. Yet, very little is known over a field of positive characteristic. In this paper we prove some results on finite-dimensional semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebras A over a field of positive characteristic, notably Kaplansky's 5th conjecture on the order of the antipode of A. These results have already been proved over a field of characteristic zero, so in a sense we demonstrate that it is sufficient to consider semisimple Hopf algebras over such a fiel…
In this paper we classify triangular semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebras over any algebraically closed field k. Namely, we construct, for each positive integer N, relatively prime to the characteristic of k if it is positive, a bijection between the set of isomorphism classes of triangular semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebras of dimension N over k, and the set of isomorphism classes of quadruples (G,H,V,u), where G is a group of order N, H is a subgroup of G, V is an irreducible projective representation of H over k of dimension |H|^{1/2}, and u\in G is a central element of order \l…
Braided Morita invariants of finite-dimensional semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebras with braidings are constructed by refining the polynomial invariants introduced by the author. The invariants are computed for the duals of Suzuki's braided Hopf algebras, and as an application of that, the braided Morita equivalence classes over the $8$-dimensional Kac-Paljutkin algebra are determined. This paper also includes the modified results and proofs on determination of the coribbon elements of Suzuki's braided Hopf algebras, that are discussed and given in my previous paper "The coribbon structu…
We show that there exists cosemisimple Hopf algebras of arbitrary finite even order. We also discuss the Schur indicator for such Hopf algebras.
We introduce new polynomial invariants of a finite-dimensional semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebra A over a field by using the braiding structures of A. We investigate basic properties of the polynomial invariants including stability under extension of the base field. Furthermore, we show that our polynomial invariants are indeed tensor invariants of the representation category of A, and recognize the difference of the representation category and the representation ring of A. Actually, by computing and comparing polynomial invariants, we find new examples of pairs of Hopf algebras whose r…
In this paper we study the properties of Drinfeld's twisting for finite-dimensional Hopf algebras. We determine how the integral of the dual to a unimodular Hopf algebra $H$ changes under twisting of $H$. We show that the classes of cosemisimple unimodular, cosemisimple involutive, cosemisimple quasitriangular finite-dimensional Hopf algebras are stable under twisting. We also prove the cosemisimplicity of a coalgebra obtained by twisting of a cosemisimple unimodular Hopf algebra by two different twists on two sides (such twists are closely related to biGalois extensions), and describe the rep…
The question of whether or not a Hopf algebra $H$ is faithfully flat over a Hopf subalgebra $A$ has received positive answers in several particular cases: when $H$ (or more generally, just $A$) is commutative, or cocommutative, or pointed, or when $K$ contains the coradical of $H$. We prove the statement in the title, adding the class of cosemisimple Hopf algebras to those known to be faithfully flat over all Hopf subalgebras. We also show that the third term of the resulting "exact sequence" $A\to H\to C$ is always a cosemisimple coalgebra, and that the expectation $H\to A$ is positive when $…
In this note, we compute the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of cosemisimple Hopf algebras that arise as deformations of a linearly reductive algebraic group. Our work lies in a purely algebraic setting and generalizes results of Goodearl-Zhang (2007), of Banica-Vergnioux (2009), and of D'Andrea-Pinzari-Rossi (2017).
A class of (infinite-dimensional) cosemisimple Hopf algebras constructed via abelian extensions
本文通过阿贝尔扩张构造了一类无限维余半单Hopf代数，刻画了其单余模并研究了相应余模范畴的Grothendieck环。
We introduce and investigate the basic properties of an involutory (dual) quasi-Hopf algebra. We also study the representations of an involutory quasi-Hopf algebra and prove that an involutory dual quasi-Hopf algebra with non-zero integral is cosemisimple.
We use a version of Haboush's theorem over complete local Noetherian rings to prove faithfulness of the lifting for semisimple cosemisimple Hopf algebras and separable (braided, symmetric) fusion categories from characteristic $p$ to characteristic zero (arXiv/math:0203060, Section 9), showing that, moreover, any isomorphism between such structures can be reduced modulo $p$. This fills a gap in arXiv/math:0203060, Subsection 9.3. We also show that lifting of semisimple cosemisimple Hopf algebras is a fully faithful functor, and prove that lifting induces an isomorphism on Picard and Brauer-Pic…
We study the realizations of certain braided vector spaces of rack type as Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a cosemisimple Hopf algebra $H$. We apply the strategy developed in arXiv:1212.5279 to compute their liftings and use these results to obtain the classification of finite-dimensional copointed Hopf algebras over $\mathbb{S}_4$.
In this work we study some properties of comldules over (non-cosemisimple) Hopf algebras possessing integrals, which are also called co-Frobenius Hopf algebras. We apply the result obtained to the classification of representations of quantum groups of type $A_{0|0}$.
We present a rich source of Hopf algebras starting from a cofinite central extension of a Noetherian Hopf algebra and a subgroup of the algebraic group of characters of the central Hopf subalgebra. The construction is transparent from a Tannakian perspective. We determine when the new Hopf algebras are co-Frobenius, or cosemisimple, or Noetherian, or regular, or have finite Gelfand-Kirillov dimension.
Various aspects of the de Rham cohomology of Hopf algebras are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the de Rham cohomology of an algebra with the differentiable coaction of a cosemisimple Hopf algebra with trivial 0-th cohomology group, reduces to the de Rham cohomology of (co)invariant forms. Spectral sequences are discussed and the van Est spectral sequence for Hopf algebras is introduced. A definition of Hopf-Lie algebra cohomology is also given.
One of the classical notions of group theory is the notion of the exponent of a group. The exponent of a group is the least common multiple of orders of its elements. In this paper we generalize the notion of exponent to Hopf algebras. We give five equivalent definitions of the exponent. Two of them are: 1) the exponent of H equals the order of the Drinfeld element u of the quantum double D(H); 2) the exponent of H is the order of the squared brading acting in the tensor square of the regular representation of D(H). We show that the exponent is invariant under twisting. We prove that for semis…
We determine the isomorphism classes of semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension 60 which are simple as Hopf algebras.
We produce an explicit embedding of the planar algebra of the Drinfeld double of a finite-dimensional, semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebra $H$ into the two-cabling of the planar algebra of the dual Hopf algebra $H^*$ and characterise the image.
We study the group of group-like elements of a weak Hopf algebra and derive an analogue of Radford's formula for the fourth power of the antipode S, which implies that the antipode has a finite order modulo a trivial automorphism. We find a sufficient condition in terms of Tr(S^2) for a weak Hopf algebra to be semisimple, discuss relation between semisimplicity and cosemisimplicity, and apply our results to show that a dynamical twisting deformation of a semisimple Hopf algebra is cosemisimple.
We construct quasi-Hopf algebras associated with a semisimple Lie algebra, a complex curve and a rational differential. This generalizes our previous joint work with V. Rubtsov (Israel J. Math. (1999) and q-alg/9608005).
We study actions of semisimple Hopf algebras H on Weyl algebras A over a field of characteristic zero. We show that the action of H on A must factor through a group algebra; in other words, if H acts inner faithfully on A, then H is cocommutative. The techniques used include reduction modulo a prime number and the study of semisimple cosemisimple Hopf actions on division algebras.
We prove that every semisimple Hopf algebra of dimension less than 60 over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic zero is either upper or lower semisolvable up to a cocycle twist.
In this paper we consider some properties of semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension pq where p and q are distinct primes. These properties are useful for classification of such Hopf algebras. In particular, we show that for such a Hopf algebra H, if H and H^* are of Frobenius type then H or H^* is a group algebra.
Bialgebra cohomology and exact sequences
本文研究正合序列中两个 Hopf 代数的双代数上同调之间的关系，在第三个因子为有限维余半单的条件下建立联系，并据此给出泛余主权 Hopf 代数在一般情形下双代数上同调计算的简短新证明。
The goal of this paper is to give a new method of constructing finite-dimensional semisimple triangular Hopf algebras, including minimal ones which are non-trivial (i.e. not group algebras). The paper shows that such Hopf algebras are quite abundant. It also discovers an unexpected connection of such Hopf algebras with bijective 1-cocycles on finite groups and set-theoretical solutions of the quantum Yang-Baxter equation defined by Drinfeld.
We use integrals of left coideal subalgebras to develop Harmonic analysis for semisimple Hopf algebras. We show how $N^*,$ the space of functional on $N,$ is embedded in $H^*.$ We define a bilinear form on $N^*$ and show that irreducible $N$-characters are orthogonal with respect to that form. We then give an explicit formula for induced characters of $N$ and show how the induced characters are embedded in $R(H).$ In the second part we give an intrinsic definition for solvable semisimple Hopf algebras via left coideal subalgebras and their integrals. We show how this definition generalizes sol…
It is an open question whether the smash product of a semisimple Hopf algebra and a semiprime module algebra is semiprime. In this paper we show that the smash product of a commutative semiprime module algebra over a semisimple cosemisimple Hopf algebra is semiprime. In particular we show that the central $H$-invariant elements of the Martindale ring of quotients of a module algebra form a von Neumann regular and self-injective ring whenever $A$ is semiprime. For a semiprime Goldie PI $H$-module algebra $A$ with central invariants we show that $\AH$ is semiprime if and only if the $H$-action c…
Let $p$ and $q$ be distinct prime numbers. We study the Galois objects and cocycle deformations of the noncommutative, noncocommutative, semisimple Hopf algebras of odd dimension $p^3$ and of dimension $pq^2$. We obtain that the $p+1$ non-isomorphic self-dual semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension $p^3$ classified by Masuoka have no non-trivial cocycle deformations, extending his previous results for the 8-dimensional Kac-Paljutkin Hopf algebra. This is done as a consequence of the classification of categorical Morita equivalence classes among semisimple Hopf algebras of odd dimension $p^3$, es…
We introduce a new filtration on Hopf algebras, the standard filtration, generalizing the coradical filtration. Its zeroth term, called the Hopf coradical, is the subalgebra generated by the coradical. We give a structure theorem: any Hopf algebra with injective antipode is a deformation of the bosonization of the Hopf coradical by its diagram, a connected graded Hopf algebra in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over the latter. We discuss the steps needed to classify Hopf algebras in suitable classes accordingly. For the class of co-Frobenius Hopf algebras, we prove that a Hopf algebra …
In this paper we give two general formulae for the Müger centralizers in the category of representations of a semisimple quasitriangular Hopf algebra. The first formula is given in the terms of the Drinfeld map associated to the quasitriangular Hopf algebra. The second formula for the Müger centralizer is given in the terms of the conjugacy classes introduced by Cohen and Westreich in [J. Algebra 283 (2005), 42-62]. In the case of a factorizable Hopf algebra these formulae extend some particular cases obtained by the author in [Math. Z. 279 (2015), 227-240].
Given an action of a finite group G on a fusion category C we give a criterion for the category of G-equivariant objects in C to be group-theoretical, i.e., to be categorically Morita equivalent to a category of group-graded vector spaces. We use this criterion to answer affirmatively the question about existence of non group-theoretical semisimple Hopf algebras asked by P. Etingof, V. Ostrik, and the author in math/0203060. Namely, we show that certain Z/2Z-equivariantizations of fusion categories constructed by D. Tambara and S. Yamagami are equivalent to representation categories of non gro…
One of the most fundamental problems in the theory of finite- dimensional Hopf algebras is their classification over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic 0. This problem is extremely difficult, hence people restrict it to certain classes of Hopf algebras, e.g. to semisimple ones. Semisimple Hopf algebras deserve to be considered as "quantum" analogue of finite groups, but even so, the problem remains extremely hard (even in low dimensions) and very little is known. A great boost to the theory of Hopf algebras was given by Drinfeld who invented the fundamental class of (quasi)trian…
A condition is identified which guarantees that the coinvariants of a coaction of a Hopf algebra on an algebra form a subalgebra, even though the coaction may fail to be an algebra homomorphism. A Hilbert Theorem (finite generation of the subalgebra of coinvariants) is obtained for such coactions of a cosemisimple Hopf algebra. This is applied to two adjoint coactions of quantized function algebras of classical groups on the associated FRT bialgebra. Provided that the Hopf algebra is cosemisimple and coquasitriangular, the algebras of coinvariants form two finitely generated, commutative, grad…
In a previous paper we prove that any semisimple triangular Hopf algebra A over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 (say the field of complex numbers C) is obtained from a finite group after twisting the ordinary comultiplication of its group algebra in the sense of Drinfeld; that is A=C[G]^J for some finite group G and a twist J\in C[G]\ot C[G]. In this paper we explicitly describe the representation theory of co-triangular semisimple Hopf algebras A^*=(C[G]^J)^* in terms of representations of some associated groups. As a corollary we prove that Kaplansky's 6th conjecture from 1…
Masuoka proved that for a prime p, semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension 2p over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic 0, are trivial (i.e. are either group algebras or the dual of group algebras). Westreich and the second author obtained the same result for dimension 3p, and then pushed the analysis further and among the rest obtained the same result for semisimple Hopf algebras H of dimension pq so that H and H^* are of Frobenius type (i.e. the dimensions of their irreducible representations divide the dimension of H). They concluded with the conjecture that any semisimple Hopf a…
Using the standard filtration associated with a generalized lifting method, we determine all finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero whose coradical generates a Hopf subalgebra isomorphic to the smallest non-pointed non-cosemisimple Hopf algebra ${\mathcal{K}}$ and the corresponding infinitesimal module is an indecomposable object in ${}^{\mathcal{K}}_{\mathcal{K}}\mathcal{YD}$ (we assume that the diagrams are Nichols algebras). As a byproduct, we obtain new Nichols algebras of dimension 8 and new Hopf algebras of dimension 64.
Let $k$ be a field, and $H$ a Hopf algebra with bijective antipode. If $H$ is commutative, noetherian, semisimple and cosemisimple, then the category ${}_{H}{\mathcal {YD}}^H$ of Yetter-Drinfeld modules is semisimple. We also prove a similar statement for the category of Long dimodules, without the assumption that $H$ is commutative.
Quasi-Hopf Algebras of Dimension 6
本文通过证明所有6维拟Hopf代数均为半单，完成了其完整分类，并给出非半单拟双代数例子及15个互不扭等价的6维拟Hopf代数。
By constructing explicit examples, we show that the core of a group-like element in a cocommutative cosemisimple Yetter-Drinfel'd Hopf algebra over the group ring of a finite abelian group is not always completely trivial.
The objects of study in this paper are Hopf algebras $H$ which are finitely generated algebras over an algebraically closed field and are extensions of a commutative Hopf algebra by a finite dimensional Hopf algebra. Basic structural and homological properties are recalled and classes of examples are listed. Bounds are obtained on the dimensions of simple $H$-modules, and the structure of $H$ is shown to be severely constrained when the finite dimensional extension is semisimple and cosemisimple.
We classify the cosemisimple Hopf algebras whose corepresentation semi-ring is isomorphic to that of GL(2). This leads us to define a new family of Hopf algebras which generalize the quantum similitude group of a non-degenerate bilinear form. A detailed study of these Hopf algebras gives us an isomorphic classification and the description of their corepresentation categories.
We study Frobenius-Schur indicators of the regular representations of finite-dimensional semisimple Hopf algebras, especially group-theoretical ones. Those of various Hopf algebras are computed explicitly. In view of our computational results, we formulate the theorem of Frobenius for semisimple Hopf algebras and give some partial results on this problem.
We complete the classification of Hopf algebras whose infinitesimal braiding is a principal Yetter-Drinfeld realization of a braided vector space of Cartan type $G_2$ over a cosemisimple Hopf algebra. We develop a general formula for a class of liftings in which the quantum Serre relations hold. We give a detailed explanation of the procedure for finding the relations, based on the recent work of Andruskiewitsch, Angiono and Rossi Bertone.
In this paper we completely classify nontrivial semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension 16. We also compute all the possible structures of the Grothendieck ring of semisimple non-commutative Hopf algebras of dimension 16. Moreover, we prove that non-commutative semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension p^n, p is prime, cannot have a cyclic group of grouplikes.
We study Hopf algebras via tools from geometric invariant theory. We show that all the invariants we get can be constructed using the integrals of the Hopf algebra and its dual together with the multiplication and the comultiplication, and that these invariants determine the isomorphism class of the Hopf algebra. We then define certain canonical subspaces $Inv^{i,j}$ of tensor powers of $H$ and $H^*$, and use the invariant theory to prove that these subspaces satisfy a certain non-degeneracy condition. Using this non-degeneracy condition together with results on symmetric monoidal categories, …
In the category of semisimple Hopf algebras the Hopf kernels introduced by Andruskiewitsch and Devoto in \cite{AD} coincide with kernels of representation as introduced in \cite{Bker}. Some new results concerning the normality of kernels are also presented. It is proven that the property for Hopf algebras to have all kernels normal Hopf subalgebras is a self dual property.
Masuoka proved (2009) that a finite-dimensional irreducible Hopf algebra $H$ in positive characteristic is semisimple if and only if it is commutative semisimple if and only if the Hopf subalgebra generated by all primitives is semisimple. In this paper, we give another proof of this result by using Hochschild cohomology of coalgebras.
We construct a class of non-commutative, non-cocommutative, semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension $2n^2$ and present conditions to define an inner faithful action of these Hopf algebras on quantum polynomial algebras, providing, in this way, more examples of semisimple Hopf actions which do not factor through group actions. Also, under certain condition, we classify the inner faithful Hopf actions of the Kac-Paljutkin Hopf algebra of dimension $8$, $H_8$, on the quantum plane.
We recapture Kuperberg's numerical invariant of 3-manifolds associated to a semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebra through a `planar algebra construction'. A result of possibly independent interest, used during the proof, which relates duality in planar graphs and Hopf algebras, is the subject of a final section.
Coquasitriangular structures on Hopf algebras constructed via abelian extensions
本文研究了通过abelian扩展构造Hopf代数的coquasitriangular结构，并探讨了其存在条件及应用。
Hennings and Kuperberg defined quantum invariants $Z_{Henn}$ and $Z_{Kup}$ for closed oriented $3$-manifolds based on certain Hopf algebras, respectively. When the Hopf algebras are semisimple, it is shown that $Z_{Kup}=|Z_{Henn}|^2$. In this paper, we present a new proof of this equality.
A fundamental problem in the theory of Hopf algebras is the classification and explicit construction of finite-dimensional quasitriangular Hopf algebras over C. These Hopf algebras constitute a very important class of Hopf algebras, introduced by Drinfeld (e.g. the quantum double of a Hopf algebra). However, this intriguing problem turns out to be extremely hard and it is still widely open. One can hope that resolving the problem in the triangular case would contribute to the understanding of the general case. There is no complte classification of finite-dimensional triangular Hopf algebras ye…
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $0$. In this paper, we obtain the structure theorems for semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension $p^2q^2$ over $k$, where $p,q$ are prime numbers with $p^2<q$. As an application, we also obtain the structure theorems for semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension $9p^2$ and $25q^2$ for all primes $3\neq p$ and $5\neq q$.
Let $p,q$ be prime numbers with $p>q^3$, and $k$ an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0. In this paper, we obtain the structure theorems for semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension $pq^3$.
We show that semisimple Hopf algebras having a self-dual faithful irreducible comodule of dimension 2 are always obtained as abelian extensions with quotient Z_2. We prove that nontrivial Hopf algebras arising in this way can be regarded as deformations of binary polyhedral groups and describe its category of representations. We also prove a strengthening of a result of Nichols and Richmond on cosemisimple Hopf algebras with a 2-dimensional irreducible comodule in the finite dimensional context. Finally, we give some applications to the classification of certain classes of semisimple Hopf alge…
We study the Nichols algebra of a semisimple Yetter-Drinfeld module and introduce new invariants such as real roots. The crucial ingredient is a `reflection' in the class of such Nichols algebras. We conclude the classifications of finite-dimensional pointed Hopf algebras over S_3, and of finite-dimensional Nichols algebras over S_4. The revised version contains an extended introduction with references to recent applications, and a simplified definition of the Weyl groupoid of a semisimple Yetter-Drinfeld module. Key words: Hopf algebras, quantum groups, Weyl groupoid
Let $m$ a positive integer, not divisible by 2,3,5,7. We generalize the classification of basic quasi-Hopf algebras over cyclic groups of prime order given in \cite{EG3} to the case of cyclic groups of order $m$. To this end, we introduce a family of non-semisimple radically graded quasi-Hopf algebras $A(H,s)$, constructed as subalgebras of Hopf algebras twisted by a quasi-Hopf twist, which are not twist equivalent to Hopf algebras. Any basic quasi-Hopf algebra over a cyclic group of order $m$ is either semisimple, or is twist equivalent to a Hopf algebra or a quasi-Hopf algebra of type $A(H,s…
In this paper we prove a formula that relates Müger's centralizer in the category of representations of a factorizable Hopf algebra to the notion of Hopf kernel of a representation of the dual Hopf algebra. Using this relation we obtain a complete description for Müger's centralizer of some fusion subcategories of the fusion category of finite dimensional representations of a Drinfeld double of a semisimple Hopf algebra.
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