One of the classical notions of group theory is the notion of the exponent of a group. The exponent of a group is the least common multiple of orders of its elements.
In this paper we generalize the notion of exponent to Hopf algebras. We give five equivalent definitions of the exponent. Two of them are: 1) the exponent of H equals the order of the Drinfeld element u of the quantum double D(H); 2) the exponent of H is the order of the squared brading acting in the tensor square of the regular representation of D(H).
We show that the exponent is invariant under twisting. We prove that for semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebras H, the exponent is finite and divides dim(H)^3. For triangular Hopf algebras in characteristic zero, we show that the exponent divides dim(H). We conjecture that if H is semisimple and cosemisimple then the exponent always divides dim(H).
At the end we formulate some open questions, in particular suggest a formulation for a possible Hopf algebraic analogue of Sylow's theorem.
We introduce a notion of Hopf-Lie-Rinehart algebra and show that the universal algebra of a Hopf-Lie-Rinehart algebra acquires an ordinary Hopf algebra structure.
Let H be a quasi-Hopf algebra, a weak Hopf algebra or a braided Hopf algebra. Let B be an H-bicomodule algebra such that there exists a morphism of H-bicomodule algebras v:H\rightarrow B. Then we can define an object B^{co(H)} which is a left-left Yetter-Drinfeld module over H, having extra properties that allow to make a smash product B^{co(H)}# H which is an H-bicomodule algebra, isomorphic to B.
We determine finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, whose Hopf coradical is isomorphic to a non-pointed basic Hopf algebra of dimension $24$ and the infinitesimal braidings are indecomposable objects. In particular, we obtain families of new finite-dimensional Hopf algebras without the dual Chevalley property.
To every Hopf heap or quantum cotorsor of Grunspan a Hopf algebra of translations is associated. This translation Hopf algebra acts on the Hopf heap making it a Hopf-Galois co-object. Conversely, any Hopf-Galois co-object has the natural structure of a Hopf heap with the translation Hopf algebra isomorphic to the acting Hopf algebra. It is then shown that this assignment establishes an equivalence between categories of Hopf heaps and Hopf-Galois co-objects.
We classify finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero whose Hopf coradcial is isomorphic to the smallest non-pointed basic Hopf algebra, under the assumption that the diagrams are strictly graded. In particular, we obtain some new Nichols algebras of non-diagonal type and new finite-dimensional Hopf algebras without the dual Chevalley property.
The quiver Hopf algebras are classified by means of ramification systems with irreducible representations. This leads to the classification of Nichols algebras over group algebras and pointed Hopf algebras of type one.
As is known to all, Hopf-Galois objects have a significant research value for analyzing tensor categories of comodules and classification questions of pointed Hopf algebras, and are natural generalizations of Hopf algebras with a Galois-theoretic flavour. In this paper, we mainly prove a criterion for an Ore extension of a Hopf-Galois algebra to be a Hopf-Galois algebra, and introduce the conception of Poisson Hopf-Galois algebras, and establish the relationship between Poisson Hopf-Galois algebras and Poisson Hopf algebras. Moreover, we study Poisson Hopf-Galois structures on Poisson polynomi…
We introduce quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras i.e. quasi-Hopf algebras equipped with a conjugation (star) operation. The definition of quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras proposed ensures that the class of quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras is closed under twisting and additionally, that any Hopf $*$-algebra becomes a quasi-Hopf $*$-algebra via twisting. The basic properties of these algebras are developed. The relationship between the antipode and star structure is investigated. Quasi-triangular quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras are introduced and studied.
Let $H$ be a finite dimensional semisimple Hopf algebra and $R$ a braided Hopf algebra in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over $H$. When $R$ is a Calabi-Yau algebra, a necessary and sufficient condition for $R#H$ to be a Calabi-Yau Hopf algebra is given. Conversely, when $H$ is the group algebra of a finite group and the smash product $R#H$ is a Calabi-Yau algebra, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the algebra $R$ to be a Calabi-Yau algebra.
We investigate a Hopf algebra structure on the cotensor coalgebra associated to a Hopf bimodule algebra which contains universal version of Clifford algebras and quantum groups as examples. It is shown to be the bosonization of the quantum quasi-shuffle algebra built on the space of its right coinvariants. The universal property and a Rota-Baxter algebra structure are established on this new algebra.
Let $\mathds{k}$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We determine all finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over $\mathds{k}$ whose Hopf coradical is isomorphic to the unique $12$-dimensional Hopf algebra $\mathcal{C}$ without the dual Chevalley property, such that the diagrams are strictly graded and the corresponding infinitesimal braidings are indecomposable objects in ${}_{\mathcal{C}}^{\mathcal{C}}\mathcal{YD}$. In particular, we obtain new Nichols algebras of dimension $18$ and $36$ and two families of new Hopf algebras of dimension $216$.
We define a series of Artin-Schelter Gorenstein Hopf algebras $H_β$ with injective dimensions 3. Radford's Hopf algebra and Gelaki's Hopf algebra are homomorphic images of $H_β$. We determine its Grothendieck ring $G_0(H_β)$. Meanwhile we can obtain Grothendieck rings of Gelaki's Hopf algebras and Radford's Hopf algebras $U_{(N,ν,ω)}$ in \cite{R}, and non-isomorphic Hopf algebras with isomorphic Grothendieck rings.
We present examples of color Hopf algebras, i.e. Hopf algebras in color categories (braided tensor categories with braiding induced by a bicharacter on an abelian group), related with quantum doubles of pointed Hopf algebras. We also discuss semisimple color Hopf algebras.
We prove the quasi-Hopf algebra version of the Nichols-Zoeller theorem: A finite-dimensional quasi-Hopf algebra is free over any quasi-Hopf subalgebra.
We present characterizations of braided co-Frobenius Hopf algebras in the braided tensor category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a Hopf algebra extending those already known for co-Frobenius Hopf algebras.
We investigate the equivariant and Hopf-cyclic cohomology of module algebras over Hopf algebroids and derive their Morita invariance. For this, we use the tools developed by McCarthy for $k$-linear categories and subsequently by Kaygun and Khalkhali for a certain class of categories, called as $H$-categories, for a Hopf algebra $H$.
Let $H$ be the dual of $16$-dimensional nontrivial semisimple Hopf algebra $H_{b:1}$ in the classification work of Kashina \cite{K00}. We completely determine all finite-dimensional Nichols algebras satisfying $\mathcal{B}(N)\cong \bigotimes_{i\in I}\mathcal{B}(N_i)$, where $N=\bigoplus_{i\in I}N_i$, each $N_i$ is a simple object in $_H^H\mathcal{YD}$. Under this assumption, we classify all those Hopf algebras of finite-dimensional growth from the semisimple Hopf algebra $H$ via the relevant Nichols algebras $\mathcal B(N)$.
This note extends Radford's formula for the fourth power of the antipode of a finite dimensional Hopf algebra to co-Frobenius Hopf algebras and studies equivalent conditions to a Hopf algebra being involutory for finite dimensional and co-Frobenius Hopf algebras.
We put the known results on the antipode of a usual quasitriangular Hopf algebra into the framework of multiplier Hopf algebras. We illustrate with examples which can not be obtained using classical Hopf Algebras. The focus of the present paper lies on the class of the so-called group cograded multiplier Hopf algebras. By doing so, we bring the results of quasitriangular Hopf group-coalgebras (as introduced by Turaev) to the more general framework of multiplier Hopf algebras.
We introduce a notion of "hopfish algebra" structure on an associative algebra, allowing the structure morphisms (coproduct, counit, antipode) to be bimodules rather than algebra homomorphisms. We prove that quasi-Hopf algebras are examples of hopfish algebras. We find that a hopfish structure on the commutative algebra of functions on a finite set G is closely related to a "hypergroupoid" structure on G. The Morita theory of hopfish algebras is also discussed.
Let $m$ a positive integer, not divisible by 2,3,5,7. We generalize the classification of basic quasi-Hopf algebras over cyclic groups of prime order given in \cite{EG3} to the case of cyclic groups of order $m$. To this end, we introduce a family of non-semisimple radically graded quasi-Hopf algebras $A(H,s)$, constructed as subalgebras of Hopf algebras twisted by a quasi-Hopf twist, which are not twist equivalent to Hopf algebras. Any basic quasi-Hopf algebra over a cyclic group of order $m$ is either semisimple, or is twist equivalent to a Hopf algebra or a quasi-Hopf algebra of type $A(H,s…
We introduce and investigate the basic properties of an involutory (dual) quasi-Hopf algebra. We also study the representations of an involutory quasi-Hopf algebra and prove that an involutory dual quasi-Hopf algebra with non-zero integral is cosemisimple.
We study the Calabi-Yau property of pointed Hopf algebra $U(\mc{D},\lmd)$ of finite Cartan type. It turns out that this class of pointed Hopf algebras constructed by N. Andruskiewitsch and H.-J. Schneider contains many Calabi-Yau Hopf algebras. To give concrete examples of new Calabi-Yau Hopf algebras, we classify the Calabi-Yau pointed Hopf algebras $U(\mc{D},\lmd)$ of dimension less than 5.
We study a natural construction of Hopf algebra quotients canonically associated to an R-matrix in a finite dimensional Hopf algebra. We apply this construction to show that a quasitriangular Hopf algebra whose dimension is odd and square-free is necessarily cocommutative.
Let p and q be distinct odd primes and assume k is an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We classify all quasitriangular Hopf algebras of dimension pq^2 over k, which are not simple as Hopf algebras. Moreover, we obtained all quasitriangular structures on these Hopf algebras.
We investigate the transformed Hopf algebras in Hopf Galois extensions. The final goal of this paper is to introduce certain triangular Hopf algebras associated with restricted Frobenius Lie algebras over a field of characteristic $p>0$.
We find a generalization of the restricted PBW basis for pointed Hopf algebras over abelian groups constructed by Kharchenko. We obtain a factorization of the Hilbert series for a wide class of graded Hopf algebras. These factors are parametrized by Lyndon words, and they are the Hilbert series of certain graded Hopf algebras. Key words: graded Hopf algebra, Nichols algebra, Lyndon word
We determine and classify all finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero whose Hopf coradicals are isomorphic to dual Radford algebras of dimension $4p$ for a prime $p>5$. In particular, we obtain families of new examples of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras without the dual Chevalley property.
The notions of Galois and cleft extensions are generalized for coquasi-Hopf algebras. It is shown that such an extension over a coquasi-Hopf algebra is cleft if and only if it is Galois and has the normal basis property. A Schneider type theorem is proven for coquasi-Hopf algebras with bijective antipode. As an application, we generalize Schauenburg's bialgebroid construction for coquasi-Hopf algebras.
In this note we discuss the possibility of constructing the cosimplicial complex for the multiplier Hopf algebras and extending the cyclicity operator to obtain the Hopf-cyclic cohomology for them. We show that the definition of modular pairs in involution for multiplier Hopf algebras and provide the definition of Hopf-cyclic cohomology for algebras of functions over discrete groups.
Let H be a finite-dimensional quasi-Hopf algebra. We show for each quotient quasibialgebra Q of H that Q is a quasi-Hopf algebra whose dimension divides the dimension of H.
We say that a Hopf algebra H is semicocommutative if the right adjoint coaction factorizes through the tensor product of H with the center of H. For instance the commutative and the cocommutative Hopf algebras are semicocommutative. The quasitriangular Hopf algebras generalize the cocommutative Hopf algebras. In this paper we introduce and begin the study of a similar generalization for the semicocommutative ones. These algebras, which we call semiquasitriangular Hopf algebras have many of the basic properties of the quasitriangular ones. In particular, they have associated braided categories …
We present a rich source of Hopf algebras starting from a cofinite central extension of a Noetherian Hopf algebra and a subgroup of the algebraic group of characters of the central Hopf subalgebra. The construction is transparent from a Tannakian perspective. We determine when the new Hopf algebras are co-Frobenius, or cosemisimple, or Noetherian, or regular, or have finite Gelfand-Kirillov dimension.
We determine the corepresentation theory of universal cosovereign Hopf algebras, for generic matrices over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero.
Various aspects of the de Rham cohomology of Hopf algebras are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the de Rham cohomology of an algebra with the differentiable coaction of a cosemisimple Hopf algebra with trivial 0-th cohomology group, reduces to the de Rham cohomology of (co)invariant forms. Spectral sequences are discussed and the van Est spectral sequence for Hopf algebras is introduced. A definition of Hopf-Lie algebra cohomology is also given.
We construct quasi-Hopf algebras associated with a semisimple Lie algebra, a complex curve and a rational differential. This generalizes our previous joint work with V. Rubtsov (Israel J. Math. (1999) and q-alg/9608005).
We define the notion of factorizable quasi-Hopf algebra by using a categorical point of view. We show that the Drinfeld double $D(H)$ of any finite dimensional quasi-Hopf algebra $H$ is factorizable, and we characterize $D(H)$ when $H$ itself is factorizable. Finally, we prove that any finite dimensional factorizable quasi-Hopf algebra is unimodular. In particular, we obtain that the Drinfeld double $D(H)$ is a unimodular quasi-Hopf algebra.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of a Rota-Baxter paired module to study Rota-Baxter modules without necessarily a Rota-Baxter operator. We obtain two characterizations of Rota-Baxter paired modules, and give some basic properties of Rota-Baxter paired modules. Beginning with the connection between the notion of integrals in the representations of Hopf algebra and of the notion of an integral algebra as a motivation and special case of Rota-Baxter algebra of weight zero, we obtain a large number of Rota-Baxter paired modules from Hopf related algebras and modules, including semisimple H…
In this paper we consider some properties of semisimple Hopf algebras of dimension pq where p and q are distinct primes. These properties are useful for classification of such Hopf algebras. In particular, we show that for such a Hopf algebra H, if H and H^* are of Frobenius type then H or H^* is a group algebra.
Let $H$ be the 16-dimensional nontrivial (namely, noncommutative and noncocommutative) semisimple Hopf algebra $H_{b:1}$ appeared in Kashina's work \cite{K00}. We obtain all simple Yetter-Drinfeld modules over $H$ and then determine all finite-dimensional Nichols algebras satisfying $\mathcal{B}(V)\cong \bigotimes_{i\in I}\mathcal{B}(V_i)$, where $V=\bigoplus_{i\in I}V_i$, each $V_i$ is a simple object in $_H^H\mathcal{YD}$. Finally, we describe all liftings of those $\mathcal{B}(V)$ over $H$.
This is a survey on spherical Hopf algebras. We give criteria to decide when a Hopf algebra is spherical and collect examples. We discuss tilting modules as a mean to obtain a fusion subcategory of the non-degenerate quotient of the category of representations of a suitable Hopf algebra.
We construct an explicit isomorphism between the quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra $D^ω(H)$ defined in \cite{bp} and a certain quantum double quasi-Hopf algebra. We give also new characterizations for a quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra to be ribbon and use them to construct some ribbon elements for $D^ω(H)$.
We classify finite-dimensional Hopf algebras whose coradical is isomorphic to the algebra of functions on S_3. We describe a new infinite family of Hopf algebras of dimension 72.
A quasi-Hopf algebra $H$ can be seen as a commutative algebra $A$ in the centre $\mathcal Z(H-Mod)$ of $H-Mod$. We show that the category of $A$-modules in $\mathcal Z(H-Mod)$ is equivalent (as a monoidal category) to $H-Mod$. This can be regarded as a generalization of the structure theorem of Hopf bimodules of a Hopf algebra to the quasi-Hopf setting.
We study Frobenius-Schur indicators of the regular representations of finite-dimensional semisimple Hopf algebras, especially group-theoretical ones. Those of various Hopf algebras are computed explicitly. In view of our computational results, we formulate the theorem of Frobenius for semisimple Hopf algebras and give some partial results on this problem.
We present new Hopf algebras with the dual Chevalley property by determining all semisimple Hopf algebras Morita-equivalent to a group algebra over a finite group, for a list of groups supporting a non-trivial finite-dimensional Nichols algebra.
Two important generalizations of the Hopf algebra of symmetric functions are the Hopf algebra of noncommutative symmetric functions and its graded dual the Hopf algebra of quasisymmetric functions. A common generalization of the latter is the selfdual Hopf algebra of permutations (MPR Hopf algebra). This latter Hopf algebra can be seen as a Hopf algebra of endomorphisms of a Hopf algebra. That turns out to be a fruitful way of looking at things and gives rise to wide ranging further generalizations such as the word Hopf algebra and the double word Hopf algebra (and many more).
In this paper, we completely determine the group of algebra automorphisms for the two-parameter Hopf algebra ${\check U}_{r,s}^{\geq 0}({\mathfrak sl_{3}})$. As a result, the group of Hopf algebra automorphisms is determined for $\V$ as well. We further characterize all the derivations of the subalgebra $U^{+}_{r,s}({\mathfrak sl_{3})}$, and calculate its first degree Hochschild cohomology group.
