We prove a factorization of completely bounded maps from a $C^*$-algebra $A$ (or an exact operator space $E\subset A$) to $\ell_2$ equipped with the operator space structure of $(C,R)_θ$ ($0<θ<1$) obtained by complex interpolation between the column and row Hilbert spaces. More precisely, if $F$ denotes $\ell_2$ equipped with the operator space structure of $(C,R)_θ$, then $u: A \to F$ is completely bounded iff there are states $f,g$ on $A$ and $C>0$ such that \[ \forall a\in A\quad \|ua\|^2\le C f(a^*a)^{1-θ}g(aa^*)^θ.\] This extends the case $θ=1/2$ treated in a recent paper with Shlyakhtenko. The constants we obtain tend to 1 when $θ\to 0$ or $θ\to 1$. We use analogues of "free Gaussian" families in non semifinite von Neumann algebras. As an application, we obtain that, if $0<θ<1$, $(C,R)_θ$ does not embed completely isomorphically into the predual of a semifinite von Neumann algebra. Moreover, we characterize the subspaces $S\subset R\oplus C$ such that the dual operator space $S^*$ embeds (completely isomorphically) into $M_*$ for some semifinite von neumann algebra $M$: the only possibilities are $S=R$, $S=C$, $S=R\cap C$ and direct sums built out of these three spaces. We also discuss when $S\subset R\oplus C$ is injective, and give a simpler proof of a result due to Oikhberg on this question. In the appendix, we present a proof of Junge's theorem that $OH$ embeds completely isomorphically into a non-commutative $L_1$-space. The main idea is similar to Junge's, but we base the argument on complex interpolation and Shlyakhtenko's generalized circular systems (or ``generalized free Gaussian"), that somewhat unifies Junge's ideas with those of our work with Shlyakhtenko.
We construct some separable infinite dimensional homogeneous Hilbertian operator spaces which generalize the row and column spaces R and C. We show that separable infinite-dimensional Hilbertian JC*-triples are completely isometric to an element of the set of (infinite) intersections of these spaces. This set includes the operator spaces R, C, their intersection, and the space spanned by creation operators on the full anti-symmetric Fock space. In fact, we show that these new spaces are completely isometric to the space of creation (resp. annihilation) operators on the anti-symmetric tensors o…
The operator spaces $H_n^k$ $1\le k\le n$, generalizing the row and column Hilbert spaces, and arising in the authors' previous study of contractively complemented subspaces of $C^*$-algebras, are shown to be homogeneous and completely isometric to a space of creation operators on a subspace of the anti-symmetric Fock space. The completely bounded Banach-Mazur distance from $H_n^k$ to row or column space is explicitly calculated.
Following Grothendieck's characterization of Hilbert spaces we consider operator spaces $F$ such that both $F$ and $F^*$ completely embed into the dual of a C*-algebra. Due to Haagerup/Musat's improved version of Pisier/Shlyakhtenko's Grothendieck inequality for operator spaces, these spaces are quotients of subspaces of the direct sum $C\oplus R$ of the column and row spaces (the corresponding class being denoted by $QS(C\oplus R)$). We first prove a representation theorem for homogeneous $F\in QS(C\oplus R)$ starting from the fundamental sequences defined by column and row norms of unit vect…
Generalizing Pisier's idea, we introduce a Hilbertian matrix cross normed space associated with a pair of symmetric normed ideals. When the two ideals coincide, we show that our construction gives an operator space if and only if the ideal is the Schatten class. In general, a pair of symmetric normed ideals that are not necessarily the Schatten class may give rise to an operator space. We study the space of completely bounded mappings between the matrix cross normed spaces obtained in this way and show that the multiplicator norm naturally appears as the completely bounded norm.
We prove that a quotient of subspace of $C_p\oplus_pR_p$ ($1\le p<2$) embeds completely isomorphically into a noncommutative $L_p$-space, where $C_p$ and $R_p$ are respectively the $p$-column and $p$-row Hilbertian operator spaces. We also represent $C_q$ and $R_q$ ($p<q\le2$) as quotients of subspaces of $C_p\oplus_pR_p$. Consequently, $C_q$ and $R_q$ embed completely isomorphically into a noncommutative $L_p(M)$. We further show that the underlying von Neumann algebra $M$ cannot be semifinite.
We prove a local convex version of Arveson's extension theorem and of Wittstock's extension theorem. Also we prove a Stinespring type theorem for unbounded local completely contractive maps.
Let X and Y be Banach spaces with dim X greater than 3. Let A and B be standard operator algebras on X and Y. We characterize the form of maps from A onto B such that completely preserve involution.
We introduce a preorder relation in the collection of all operator valued completely positive maps on a full Hilbert C*-module and characterize this relation in terms of the Stinespring construction associated to each completely positive map.
The order relation on the set of completely n-positive linear maps from a pro-C*-algebra A to L(H), the C*-algebra of bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space H, is characterized in terms of the representation associated with each completely n-positive linear map. Also, the pure elements in the set of all completely n-positive linear maps from A to L(H) and the extreme points in the set of unital completely n-positive linear maps from A to L(H) are characterized in terms of the representation induced by each completely n-positive linear map.
052<p type="texpara" tag="Body Text" et="abstract" >A completely $n$ -positive linear map from a locally $C^{\ast}$-algebra $A$ to another locally $C^{\ast}$-algebra $B $is an $n\times n$ matrix whose elements are continuous linear maps from $A$ to $B$ and which verifies the condition of completely positivity. In this paper we prove a Radon-Nikodym type theorem for strict completely $n$-positive linear maps which describes the order relation on the set of all strict completely $n$ -positive linear maps from a locally $C^{\ast }$-algebra $A$ to a $C^{\ast}$-algebra $B$, in terms of a self-dual …
We show that an operator valued $α$-completely positive map on a group G is given by a unitary representation of G on a Krein space which satisfies some condition. Moreover, two unitary equivalent such unitary representations define the same α-completely positive map. Also we introduce a pre-order relation on the collection of α-completely positive maps on a group and we characterize this relation in terms of the unitary representation associated to each map.
D. Bures had defined a metric on the set of normal states on a von Neumann algebra using GNS representations of states. This notion has been extended to completely positive maps between $C^*$-algebras by D. Kretschmann, D. Schlingemann and R. F. Werner. We present a Hilbert $C^*$-module version of this theory. We show that we do get a metric when the completely positive maps under consideration map to a von Neumann algebra. Further, we include several examples and counter examples. We also prove a rigidity theorem, showing that representation modules of completely positive maps which are close…
We prove a covariant version of the KSGNS (Kasparov, Stinespring, Gel'fand,Naimark,Segal) construction for completely positive linear maps between locally $C^{*}$-algebras. As an application of this construction, we show that a covariant completely positive linear map $ρ$ from a locally $C^{*}$-algebra $A$ to another locally $C^{*}$ -algebra $B$ with respect to a locally $C^{*}$-dynamical system $(G,A,α)$ extends to a completely positive linear map on the crossed product $A\times_{α^{}}G$.
Let $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$ be standard operator algebras on Banach spaces $\mathcal{X}$ and $\mathcal{Y}$, respectively. In this paper, we show that every bijection completely preserving quadratic operators from $\mathcal{A}$ onto $\mathcal{B}$ is either an isomorphism or (in the complex case) a conjugate isomorphism.
In this article, we introduce local completely positive $k$-linear maps between locally $C^{\ast}$-algebras and obtain Stinespring type representation by adopting the notion of "invariance" defined by J. Heo for $k$-linear maps between $C^{\ast}$-algebras. Also, we supply the minimality condition to make certain that minimal representation is unique up to unitary equivalence. As a consequence, we prove Radon-Nikodým theorem for unbounded operator-valued local completely positive invariant $k$-linear maps. The obtained Radon-Nikodým derivative is a positive contraction on some Hilbert space wit…
In this paper we generalize the results shown by Das and Peterson. Let $M$ be a ${\rm II}_1$-factor acting on $L^2(M)$. We consider certain unital normal completely positive maps on $B(L^2(M))$ which are identity on $M$. We investigate their fixed point spaces and obtain a rigidity result. As an application, we show some results of subfactors.
We provide a description of certain invariance properties of completely bounded bimodule maps in terms of their symbols. If $\mathbb{G}$ is a locally compact quantum group, we characterise the completely bounded $L^{\infty}(\mathbb{G})'$-bimodule maps that send $C_0(\hat{\mathbb{G}})$ into $L^{\infty}(\hat{\mathbb{G}})$ in terms of the properties of the corresponding elements of the normal Haagerup tensor product $L^{\infty}(\mathbb{G}) \otimes_{σ{\rm h}} L^{\infty}(\mathbb{G})$. As a consequence, we obtain an intrinsic characterisation of the normal completely bounded $L^{\infty}(\mathbb{G})'…
We say a completely positive contractive map between two C*-algebras has order zero, if it sends orthogonal elements to orthogonal elements. We prove a structure theorem for such maps. As a consequence, order zero maps are in one-to-one correspondence with *-homomorphisms from the cone over the domain into the target algebra. Moreover, we conclude that tensor products of order zero maps are again order zero, that the composition of an order zero map with a tracial functional is again a tracial functional, and that order zero maps respect the Cuntz relation, hence induce ordered semigroup morph…
A very general KSGNS type dilation theorem in the context of right (not necessarily Hilbert) modules over $C^*$-algebras is presented. The proof uses Kolmogorov type decompositions for positive-definite kernels with values in spaces of sesquilinear maps. More specific functional analytic applications are obtained by adding assumptions.
A map between operator spaces is called completely coarse if the sequence of its amplifications is equi-coarse. We prove that all completely coarse maps must be $\mathbb R$-linear. On the opposite direction of this result, we introduce a notion of embeddability between operator spaces and show that this notion is strictly weaker than complete $\mathbb R$-isomorphic embeddability (in particular, weaker than complete $\mathbb C$-isomorphic embeddability). Although weaker, this notion is strong enough for some applications. For instance, we show that if an infinite dimensional operator space $X$ …
A linear map $Φ:\mathbb{M}_n \to \mathbb{M}_k$ is called completely copositive if the resulting matrix $[Φ(A_{j,i})]_{i,j=1}^m$ is positive semidefinite for any integer $m$ and positive semidefinite matrix $[A_{i,j}]_{i,j=1}^m$. In this paper, we present some applications of the completely copositive maps $Φ(X)=(\mathrm{tr} X)I+X$ and $Ψ(X)= (\mathrm{tr} X)I-X$. Some new extensions about traces inequalities of positive semidefinite $3\times 3$ block matrices are included.
The paper gives an operator algebras model for the conditional monotone independence, introduced by T. Hasebe. The construction is used to prove an embedding result for the N. Muraki's monotone product of C*-algebras. Also, the formulas from the definition of conditional monotone independence are used to define the monotone product of maps which is shown to preserve complete positivity, a similar to the results from the case of free products.
We develop a completely bounded counterpart to the non-commutative Choquet boundary of an operator space. We show how the class of completely bounded linear maps is too large to accommodate our purposes. To overcome this obstacle, we isolate the subset of completely bounded linear maps on an operator space admitting a dilation of the same norm which is multiplicative on the generated $C^*$-algebra. We view such maps as analogues of the familiar unital completely contractive maps, and we exhibit many of their structural properties. Of particular interest to us are those maps which are extremal …
We study the closure of the unitary orbit of a given point in the non-commutative Choquet boundary of a unital operator space with respect to the topology of pointwise norm convergence. This may be described more extensively as the $\ast$-representations of the $\mathrm{C}^{\ast}$-envelope that are approximately unitarily equivalent to one that possesses the unique extension property. Although these $\ast$-representations do not necessarily have the unique extension property themselves, we show that their unital completely positive extensions display significant restrictions. When the underlyi…
Let (M,N) be a pair of von Neumann algebras, or of dual operator spaces with at least one of them having property S_σ, and let T be an arbitrary completely bounded mapping on M. We present an explicit construction of an amplification of T to a completely bounded mapping on the w^*-spatial tensor product of M and N. Our approach makes essential use of the description of the predual of the latter given by Effros and Ruan in terms of the projective operator space tensor product and is further based on the concept of slice maps as introduced by Tomiyama. We discuss several properties of an amplifi…
In 2006, Arveson resolved a long-standing problem by showing that for any element $x$ of a separable self-adjoint unital subspace $S\subseteq B(H)$, $\|x\|=\sup\|π(x)\|$, where $π$ runs over the boundary representations for $S$. Here we show that "sup" can be replaced by "max". This implies that the Choquet boundary for a separable operator system is a boundary in the classical sense; a similar result is obtained in terms of pure matrix states when $S$ is not assumed to be separable. For matrix convex sets associated to operator systems in matrix algebras, we apply the above results to improve…
We consider contractive homomorphisms of a planar algebra ${\mathcal A}(Ω)$ over a finitely connected bounded domain $Ω\subseteq \C$ and ask if they are necessarily completely contractive. We show that a homomorphism $ρ:{\mathcal A}(Ω) \to {\mathcal B}(\mathcal H)$ for which $\dim({\mathcal A}(Ω)/\ker ρ) = 2$ is the direct integral of homomorphisms $ρ_T$ induced by operators on two dimensional Hilbert spaces via a suitable functional calculus $ρ_T: f \mapsto f(T), f\in {\mathcal A}(Ω)$. It is well-known that contractive homomorphisms $ρ_T$, induced by a linear transformation $T:\C^2 \to \C^2$ …
Let $ϕ:M_n\to B(H)$ be an injective, completely positive contraction with $\Vϕ^{-1}:ϕ(M_n)\to M_n\V_{cb}\leq1+δ(ε).$ We show that if either (i) $ϕ(M_n)$ is faithful modulo the compact operators or (ii) $ϕ(M_n)$ approximately contains a rank 1 projection, then there is a complete order embedding $ψ:M_n\to B(H)$ with $\Vϕ-ψ\V_{cb}<ε.$ We also give examples showing that such a perturbation does not exist in general. As an application, we show that every $C^*$-algebra $A$ with $\mathcal{OL}_\infty(A)=1$ and a finite separating family of primitive ideals is a strong NF algebra, providing a partial …
We initiate the study of the completely bounded multipliers of the Haagerup tensor product $A(G)\otimes_{\rm h} A(G)$ of two copies of the Fourier algebra $A(G)$ of a locally compact group $G$. If $E$ is a closed subset of $G$ we let $E^{\sharp} = \{(s,t) : st\in E\}$ and show that if $E^{\sharp}$ is a set of spectral synthesis for $A(G)\otimes_{\rm h} A(G)$ then $E$ is a set of local spectral synthesis for $A(G)$. Conversely, we prove that if $E$ is a set of spectral synthesis for $A(G)$ and $G$ is a Moore group then $E^{\sharp}$ is a set of spectral synthesis for $A(G)\otimes_{\rm h} A(G)$. …
Let G be a locally compact group, M(G) denote its measure algebra and L^1(G) denote its group algebra. Also, let pi:G->U(H) be a strongly continuous unitary representation, and let CB^{sigma}(B(H)) be the space of normal completely bounded maps on B(H). We study the range of the map Gamma_pi:M(G)->CB^sigma(B(H)), Gamma_pi(mu)= int_G pi(s)\otimes pi(s)^*dmu(s) where we identify CB^sigma(B(H)) with the extended Haagerup tensor product B(H)\otimes^{eh}B(H)$. We use the fact that the C*-algebra generated by integrating pi to L^1(G) is unital exactly when pi is norm continuous to show that Gamma_pi…
It is well-known that if T is a D_m-D_n bimodule map on the m by n complex matrices, then T is a Schur multiplier and $\|T\|_{cb}=\|T\|$. If n=2 and T is merely assumed to be a right D_2-module map, then we show that $\|T\|_{cb}=\|T\|$. However, this property fails if m>1 and n>2. For m>1 and n=3,4 or $n\geq m^2$, we give examples of maps T attaining the supremum C(m,n)=\sup \|T\|_{cb} taken over the contractive, right D_n-module maps on M_{m,n}, we show that C(m,m^2)=\sqrt{m} and succeed in finding sharp results for C(m,n) in certain other cases. As a consequence, if H is an infinite-dimensio…
Let $(M,Γ)$ be a Hopf--von Neumann algebra, so that $M_\ast$ is a completely contractive Banach algebra. We investigate whether the product of two elements of $M$ that are both weakly almost periodic functionals on $M_\ast$ is again weakly almost periodic. For that purpose, we establish the following factorization result: If $M$ and $N$ are injective von Neumann algebras, and if $x, y \in M \bar{\otimes} N$ correspond to weakly compact operators from $M_\ast$ to $N$ factoring through reflexive operator spaces $X$ and $Y$, respectively, then the operator corresponding to $xy$ factors through th…
We study the structure of nilpotent completely positive maps in terms of Choi-Kraus coefficients. We prove several inequalities, including certain majorization type inequalities for dimensions of kernels of powers of nilpotent completely positive maps.
We introduce weighted cb maps and $Λ_μ$-cb maps on operator spaces which are generalizations of completely bounded maps and a certain class of bilinear maps on operator spaces which we call $λ_μ$-cb bilinear maps. Some basic properties of these maps and an operator space tensor product associated to $λ_μ$-cb bilinear maps have been studied.
We introduce completely semi-$φ$-maps on Hilbert $C^*$-modules as a generalization of $φ$-maps. This class of maps provides examples of CP-extendable maps which are not CP-H-extendable, in Skeide-Sumesh's sense. Using the CP-extendability of completely semi-$φ$-maps, we give a representation theorem, similar to Stinespring's representation theorem, for this class of maps which can be considered as strengthened and generalized form of Asadi's and Bhat-Ramesh-Sumesh's analogues of Stinespring representation theorem for $φ$-maps. We also define an order relation on the set of all completely semi-…
We will introduce the notion of strong Morita equivalence for completely positive linear maps and study its basic properties. Also, we will discuss the relation between strong Morita equivalence for bounded $C^*$-bimodule linear maps and strong Morita equivalence for completely positive linear maps. Furthermore, we will show that if two unital $C^*$-algebras are strongly Morita equivalent, then there is a $1-1$ correspondence between the two sets of all strong Morita equivalence classes of completely positive linear maps on the two unital $C^*$-algebras and we will show that the corresponding …
We study the dual relationship between quantum group convolution maps $L^1(\mathbb{G})\rightarrow L^{\infty}(\mathbb{G})$ and completely bounded multipliers of $\widehat{\mathbb{G}}$. For a large class of locally compact quantum groups $\mathbb{G}$ we completely isomorphically identify the mapping ideal of row Hilbert space factorizable convolution maps with $M_{cb}(L^1(\widehat{\mathbb{G}}))$, yielding a quantum Gilbert representation for completely bounded multipliers. We also identify the mapping ideals of completely integral and completely nuclear convolution maps, the latter case coincidi…
We investigate certain classes of normal completely positive (CP) maps on the hyperfinite $II_1$ factor $\mathcal A$. Using the representation theory of a suitable irrational rotation algebra, we propose some computable invariants for such CP maps.
It is shown that a fixed point of a completely positive map on a semi-finite von Neumann algebra must commute with the operators determining the map (the Lueders phenomenon) if the element is finite or has finite square.
In this paper, we investigate $Φ$-maps associated to a certain type of $α$-completely positive maps. We then prove a KSGNS (Kasparov--Stinespring--Gel'fand--Naimark--Segal) type theorem for $α$-completely positive maps on Krein $C^*$-modules and show that the minimal KSGNS construction is unique up to unitary equivalence. We also establish a covariant version of the KSGNS type theorem for a covariant $α$-completely positive map and study the structure of minimal covariant KSGNS constructions.
We derive Paschke's GNS construction for completely positive maps on unital pro-C*-algebras from the KSGNS construction, presented by M. Joita [J. London Math. Soc. {\bf 66} (2002), 421--432], and then we deduce an analogue of Stinespring theorem for Hilbert modules over pro-C*-algebras. Also, we obtain a Radon-Nikodym type theorem for operator valued completely positive maps on Hilbert modules over pro-C*-algebras.
We will consider the set of all completely positive linear maps from a unital $C^*$-algebra to the $C^*$-algebra of all (bounded) adjointable right Hilbert $C^*$-module maps, which are automatically bounded, on a right Hilbert $C^*$-module and we will introduce strong Morita equivalence for elements in this set. In this paper, we will give the following result: If two classes of two unital $C^*$-algebras are strongly Morita equivalent, respectively, then we can construct a bijective correspondence between two sets of all strong Morita equivalence classes of completely positive linear maps give…
Parallel to the study of finite dimensional Banach spaces, there is a growing interest in the corresponding local theory of operator spaces. We define a family of Hilbertian operator spaces H_n^k,0< k < n+1, generalizing the row and column Hilbert spaces R_n,C_n and show that an atomic subspace X of B(H) which is the range of a contractive projection on B(H) is isometrically completely contractive to a direct sum of the H_n^k and Cartan factors of types 1 to 4. In particular, for finite dimensional X, this answers a question posed by Oikhberg and Rosenthal. Explicit in the proof is a classific…
In this note we prove that there exist at least two examples of three commuting, unital, completely positive maps that have no dilation on a type I factor, and no minimal dilation on any von Neumann algebra.
We consider derivations from the image of the canonical contraction $θ_A$ from the Haagerup tensor product of a C*-algebra A with itself to the space of completely bounded maps on A. We show that such derivations are necessarily inner if A is prime or if A is quasicentral with Hausdorff primitive spectrum. We also provide an example of a C*-algebra which has outer elementary derivations.
Two notions for linear maps (operational convex combinations and operational exetreme points) are introduced. The set S of ucp maps on the n times n matrix algebra is the operational convex combinations of the identity map. An operational extreme point of S is an extreme point of S but the converse does not hold, and every automorphism is an operational extreme point of S.
We establish a reformulation of the Connes embedding problem in terms of an asymptotic property of factorizable completely positive maps. We also prove that the Holevo-Werner channels W_n^- are factorizable, for all odd integers n different from 3. Furthermore, we investigate factorizability of convex combinations of W_3^+ and W_3^-, a family of channels studied by Mendl and Wolf, and discuss asymptotic properties for these channels.
