The main goal of our paper is the study of several classes of submanifolds of generalized complex manifolds. Along with the generalized complex submanifolds defined by Gualtieri and Hitchin (we call these ``generalized Lagrangian submanifolds'' in our paper), we introduce and study three other classes of submanifolds. For generalized complex manifolds that arise from complex (resp., symplectic) manifolds, all three classes specialize to complex (resp., symplectic) submanifolds. In general, however, all three classes are distinct. We discuss some interesting features of our theory of submanifolds, and illustrate them with a few nontrivial examples.
We then support our ``symplectic/Lagrangian viewpoint'' on the submanifolds introduced by Gualtieri and Hitchin by defining the ``generalized complex category'', modelled on the constructions of Guillemin-Sternberg and Weinstein. We argue that our approach may be useful for the quantization of generalized complex manifolds.
We construct symplectic submanifolds of symplectic manifolds with contact border. The boundary of such submanifolds is shown to be a contact submanifold of the contact border. We also give a topological characterization of the constructed submanifolds by means of a ``relative Lefschetz hyperplane Theorem''. We sketch some of the applications of the results.
The notion of a Dirac submanifold of a Poisson manifold was studied by Xu (arXiv:math.SG/0110326). We give an interpretation of Xu's definition in terms of a general notion of tensor fields soldered to a normalized submanifold. Then, this interpretation is used to define Dirac submanifolds of a Jacobi manifold. Several properties and examples are discussed.
In this work, we prove a compactness theorem on the space of all Hamiltonian stationay Lagrangian submanifolds in a compact symplectic manifold with uniform bounds on area and total extrinsic curvature.
We give a procedure to ``average'' canonically $C^1$-close Legendrian submanifolds of contact manifolds. As a corollary we obtain that, whenever a compact group action leaves a Legendrian submanifold almost invariant, there is an invariant Legendrian submanifold nearby.
We consider Lagrangian-like submanifolds in certain even-dimensional 'symplectic-like' Poisson manifolds. We show, under suitable transversality hypotheses, that the pair consisting of the ambient Poisson manifold and the submanifold has unobstructed deformations and that the deformations automatically preserve the Lagrangian-like property.
Unlike Legendrian submanifolds, the deformation problem of coisotropic submanifolds can be obstructed. Starting from this observation, we single out in the contact setting the special class of integral coisotropic submanifolds as the direct generalization of Legendrian submanifolds for what concerns deformation and moduli theory. Indeed, being integral coisotropic is proved to be a rigid condition, and moreover the integral coisotropic deformation problem is unobstructed with discrete moduli space.
The first purpose of this paper is to generalize the well-known Maslov indices of maps of open Riemann surfaces with boundary lying on Lagrangian submanifolds to maps with boundary lying on coisotropic submanifolds in symplectic manifolds. For this purpose, we first define the notion of {\it Maslov loops} of coisotropic Grassmanians and their indices. Then we introduce the notions of {\it transverse Maslov bundle} of coisotropic submanifolds, and {\it gradable coisotropic submanifolds}. We then define {\it graded coisotropic submanifolds} and the {\it coisotropic Maslov index} of the maps with…
We study lightlike submanifolds of indefinite statistical manifolds. Contrary to the classical theory of submanifolds of statistical manifolds, lightlike submanifolds of indefinite statistical manifolds need not to be statistical submanifold. Therefore we obtain some conditions for a lightlike submanifold of indefinite statistical manifolds to be a lightlike statistical submanifold. We derive the expression of statistical sectional curvature and finally obtain some conditions for the induced statistical Ricci tensor on a lightlike submanifold of indefinite statistical manifolds to be symmetric…
In this paper, invariant submanifolds of a generalized Kenmotsu manifold are studied. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given on a submanifold of a generalized Kenmotsu manifold to be an invariant submanifold.In this case, we investigate further properties of invariant submanifolds of \ a generalized Kenmotsu manifold. In addition, some theorems are given related to an invariant submanifold of a generalized Kenmotsu manifold.We consider semiparallel and 2-semiparallel invariant submanifolds of a generalized Kenmotsu manifold.
Given a Lagrangian submanifold in a symplectic manifold and a Morse function on the submanifold, we show that there is an isotopic Morse function and a symplectic Lefschetz pencil on the manifold extending the Morse function to the whole manifold. From this construction we define a sequence of symplectic invariants classifying the isotopy classes of Lagrangian spheres in a symplectic 4-manifold.
In this paper I have studied about CR(Cauchy-Riemann)-submanifolds of Lorentzian Concircular Structure manifold ((LCS)n-manifold), Lorentzian Para-Sasakian(LP)-cosymplectic manifold, S-manifold and Generalized Kenmotsu (GKM) manifold. I have discussed some results regarding distribution, structure vector field, totally geodesic submanifold, leaf etc.. I have obtained results on totally umbilical contact CR-submanifold where the anti-invariant distribution has some properties. Next, I have studied some results about D-totally geodesic CR-submanifold (D is the distribution), a contact CR-submani…
We introduce the notion of twisted generalized complex submanifolds and describe an equivalent characterization in terms of Poisson-Dirac submanifolds. Our characterization recovers a result of Vaisman. An equivalent characterization is also given in terms of spinors. As a consequence, we show that the fixed locus of an involution preserving a twisted generalized complex structure is a twisted generalized complex submanifold. We also prove that a twisted generalized complex manifold has a natural Poisson structure. We also discuss generalized Kaehler submanifolds.
We find calibrated submanifolds in neck manifolds. Particularly, we obtain a calibrated submanifold in the Lagrangian self-expander constructed by Joyce, Lee and Tsui.
R.C.McLean showed that the moduli space of nearby submanifolds of a smooth, compact, orientable special Lagrangian submanifold L in a Calabi-Yau manifold X is a smooth manifold and its tangent space at L is identified with the space of harmonic one forms on L. In this paper, we will extend this result from Calabi-Yau manifolds to the symplectic manifolds with non-integrable almost complex structure.
In this paper, we define and study CR-lightlike submanifolds of a golden semi-Riemannian manifold. We investigate some properties of geodesic CR-submanifolds of a golden semi-Riemannian manifold. Moreover, we obtain many interesting results for totally geodesic and totally umbilical CR-submanifolds on a golden Riemannian manifold. A non-trivial example of CR-lightlike submanifold of a golden semi-Riemannian manifold is also constructed.
In the present paper, we study the hemi-slant submanifolds of nearly Kaehler manifolds. We study the integrability of distributions involved in the definition of hemi-slant submanifolds. some results are worked out on totally umbilical hemi-slant submanifolds. we study the cohomology class for hemi-slant submanifolds of nearly Kaehler manifolds.
In this thesis, we study the deformation problem of coisotropic submanifolds in Jacobi manifolds. In particular we attach two algebraic invariants to any coisotropic submanifold $S$ in a Jacobi manifold, namely the $L_\infty[1]$-algebra and the BFV-complex of $S$. Our construction generalizes and unifies analogous constructions in symplectic, Poisson, and locally conformal symplectic geometry. As a new special case we also attach an $L_\infty[1]$-algebra and a BFV-complex to any coisotropic submanifold in a contact manifold. The $L_\infty[1]$-algebra of $S$ controls the formal coisotropic defo…
Recently, B.-Y. Chen and O. J. Garay studied pointwise slant submanifolds of almost Hermitian manifolds. By using the notion of pointwise slant submanifolds, we investigate the geometry of pointwise semi-slant submanifolds and their warped products in Sasakian and cosymplectic manifolds. We prove that there exist no proper pointwise semi-slant warped product submanifold other than contact CR-warped products in Sasakian manifolds. We give non-trivial examples of such submanifolds in cosypmlectic manifolds and obtain several fundamental results, including a characterization for warped product po…
In the present paper first, we define the conformal Sasakian manifolds and then we study geometry of invariant, anti-invariant and CR-submanifolds of conformal Sasakian manifolds.
In the present paper, we study warped product semi-slant submanifolds of Kenmotsu manifolds. We have obtained results on the existence of warped product semi-slant submanifolds of Kenmotsu manifolds in term of the canonical structure .
In the present paper, we obtain the basic Chen inequalities for the statistical submanifolds of statistical cosymplectic manifolds. Also, we discuss the same inequalities for Legendrian submanifolds.
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for a Lagrangian submanifold of a Kähler manifold to be biharmonic. Furthermore, we classify biharmonic PNMC Lagrangian submanifolds in the complex space forms.
In this paper we initiate the study of submanifolds of almost hypercomplex manifolds with Hermitian and Norden metrics. Object of investigations are holomorphic submanifolds of the hypercomplex manifolds which are locally conformally equivalent to the hyper-Kähler manifolds of the considered type. Necessary and sufficient conditions the investigated holomorphic submanifolds to be totally umbilical or totally geodesic are obtained. Examples of the examined submanifolds are constructed.
We define and study noncommutative generalizations of submanifolds and quotient manifolds, for the derivation-based differential calculus introduced by M.~Dubois-Violette and P.~Michor. We give examples to illustrate these definitions.
In the present paper, we obtain the basic Chen inequalities for submanifolds of quaternion Kaehler-like statistical manifolds. Also, we discuss the same inequality for Lagrangian submanifolds.
In this paper, we prove some differentiable sphere theorems and topological sphere theorems for submanifolds in Kähler manifold, especially in complex space forms.
Recently Hui et al. (\cite{HAP}, \cite{HAN}) studied contact CR-warped product submanifolds and also warped product pseudo-slant submanifolds of a $(LCS)_n$-manifold $\bar{M}$. In this paper we have studied the characterization for both these classes of warped product submanifolds. It is also shown that there do not exists any proper warped product bi-slant submanifold of a $(LCS)_n$-manifold. Although we constructed an example of a bi-slant submanifold of $(LCS)_n$-manifold.
Warped product manifolds have been studied for a long period of time. In contrast, the study of warped product submanifolds from extrinsic point of view was initiated by the first author around the beginning of this century in [7, 8]. Since then the study of warped product submanifolds has been investigated by many geometers. The notion of slant submanifolds of almost Hermitian manifolds was introduced in [5]. Bi-slant submanifolds in almost contact metric manifolds were defined in [4] by J. L. Cabrerizo et al. In [26], we studied bi-slant submanifolds and warped product bi-slant submanifolds …
In this paper, we study on semi-invariant submanifolds of normal complex contact metric manifolds. We give the definition of such submanifolds and we obtain useful relations. Moreover, we give the integrability conditions of distributions.
We prove an extension of a theorem of A.Ros on a characterization of seven compact Kaehler submanifolds by holomorphic pinching to certain submanifolds of the complex Grassmannian manifolds.
The present paper deals with the study of warped product pointwise bi-slant submanifolds of Kenmotsu manifolds with an example. The characterization for such submanifold is also discussed. An inequality of such submanifold is obtained and its equality case is also considered.
In this article the framework created by Cartan to produce local differential invariants for submanifolds of homogeneous spaces is applied to classify all totally geodesic Lagrangian submanifolds and all homogeneous Lagrangian submanifolds of the nearly Kähler manifold of full flags in $\mathbb{C}^3$.
Recently Y{ü}ksel et. al. \cite{SY} shows that there doesn't exist any proper semi-slant warped product submanifolds in a Lorentzian paracosymplectic manifold. In the present article, we first define and give preparatory lemmas for a new generalize class of semi-slant submanifolds called pointwise semi-slant submanifolds in a Lorentzian paracosymplectic manifold, and then we ensure by presenting some existence results and characterization theorem that there exist a non-trivial pointwise semi-slant warped product submanifolds in a Lorentzian paracosymplectic manifold counter to warped product s…
In this paper, we study slant submanifolds of Riemannian manifolds with Golden structure. A Riemannian manifold $(\tilde{M},\tilde{g},φ)$ is called a Golden Riemannian manifold if the $(1,1)$ tensor field $φ$ on $\tilde{M}$ is a golden structure, that is $φ^{2}=φ+I$ and the metric $\tilde{g}$ is $φ-$ compatible. First, we get some new results for submanifolds of a Riemannian manifold with Golden structure. Later we characterize slant submanifolds of a Riemannian manifold with Golden structure and provide some non-trivial examples of slant submanifolds of Golden Riemannian manifolds.
The present paper deals with the study of totally real submanifolds and $\textit{C}$-totally real submanifolds of $(LCS)_n$-manifolds with respect to Levi-Civita connection as well as quarter symmetric metric connection. It is proved that scalar curvature of $\textit{C}$-totally real submanifolds of $(LCS)_n$-manifold with respect to both the said connections are same.
In this paper, we attach an $L_\infty$-algebra to any coisotropic submanifold in a Jacobi manifold. Our construction generalizes and unifies analogous constructions by Oh-Park (symplectic case), Cattaneo-Felder (Poisson case), Lê-Oh (locally conformal symplectic case). As a new special case, we attach an $L_\infty$-algebra to any coisotropic submanifold in a contact manifold. The $L_\infty$-algebra of a coisotropic submanifold $S$ governs the (formal) deformation problem of $S$.
For a Legendrian submanifold $M$ of a Sasaki manifold $N$, we study harmonicity and biharmonicity of the corresponding Lagrangian cone submanifold C(M) of a Kaehler manifold C(N). We show that, if $C(M)$ is biharmonic in C(N), then it is harmonic; and $M$ is proper biharmonic in $N$ if and only if C(M) has a non-zero eigen-section of the Jacobi operator with the eigenvalue $m=dim M$.
We introduce a class of half lightlike submanifolds of almost contact B-metric manifolds and prove that such submanifolds are semi-Riemannian with respect to the associated B-metric. Object of investigations are also minimal of the considered submanifolds and a non-trivial example for them is given.
It is known that there exist no warped product semi-slant submanifolds in Kaehler manifolds \cite{Sahin}. Recently, Chen and Garay studied pointwise-slant submanifolds of almost Hermitian manifolds in \cite{CG} and obtained many new results for such submanifolds. In this paper, we first introduce pointwise semi-slant submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds and then we show that there exists non-trivial warped product pointwise semi-slant submanifolds of Kaehler manifold by giving an example, contrary to the semi-slant case. We present a characterization theorem and establish an inequality for the sq…
We give some fundamental properties of the induced structures on submanifolds immersed in almost product or locally product Riemannian manifolds. We study the induced structure by the composition of two isometric immersions on submanifolds in an almost product Riemannian manifold. We give an effective construction for some induced structures on submanifolds of codimension 1 or 2 in Euclidean space.
In this paper we define and study the slant and semi-slant submanifolds of a Lorentzian almost paracontact manifold. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for a submanifold of a Lorentzian almost paracontact manifold to be slant are obtained. We give some examples for the slant and semi-slant submanifolds of a Lorentzian almost paracontact manifold. We also investigate the integrability conditions for the distributions involved in the definition of a semi-slant submanifold when the ambient manifold is a Lorentzian paracosymplectic and a Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifold, respectively.
In this paper we study submanifolds of an almost complex manifold with Norden metric which are non-degenerate with respect to the one Norden metric and lightlike with respect to the other Norden metric on the manifold. Relations between the induced geometric objects of some of these submanifolds are given. Examples of the considered submanifolds are constructed.
By establishing two general quadratic inequalities, we obtain some inequalities related to Ricci curvatures for Lagrangian submanifolds of K$\ddot{\mathrm{a}}$hler QCH-manifolds, which generalize some results for Lagrangian submanifolds of complex space forms.
By making use of the symplectic reduction and the cohomogeneity method, we give a general method for constructing Hamiltonian minimal submanifolds in Kaehler manifolds with symmetries. As applications, we construct infinitely many nontrivial complete Hamiltonian minimal submanifolds in CP^n and C^n.
As a generalization of slant submanifolds and semi-slant submanifolds, we introduce the notions of pointwise slant submanifolds and pointwise semi-slant sunmanifolds of an almost contact metric manifold. We obtain a characterization at each notion, investigate the topological properties of pointwise slant submanifolds, and give some examples of them. We also consider some distributions on cosymplectic, Sasakian, Kenmotsu manifolds and deal with some properties of warped product pointwise semi-slant submanifolds. Finally, we give some inequalities for the squared norm of the second fundamental …
B. Y. Chen established sharp inequalities between certain Riemannian invariants and the squared mean curvature for submanifolds in real space form as well as in complex space form. In this paper we generalize Chen inequalities for submanifolds of Bochner Kaehler manifolds. Moreover, we consider CR-warped product submanifolds of Bochner Kaehler manifold and establish an inequality for scalar curvature.
We introduce a weaker notion of generic submanifold of a Sasakian manifold and we prove a Frankel type theorem for this kind of submanifolds under suitable hypotesis on the index of the scalar Levi forms determined by normal directions. It concerns the intersection between a generic and an invariant submanifold and the intersection between two generic submanifolds. From this theorem we derive some topological information about generic submanifolds of Sasakian space forms.
We give a full description of totally geodesic submanifolds in the tangent bundle of a Riemannian 2-manifold of constant curvature and present a new class of a cylinder-type totally geodesic submanifolds in the general case.
This research article introduces the concept of lightlike submanifolds of an indefinite Kenmotsu statistical manifold. Various results on geometry of contact CR and SCR-lightlike submanifolds have been developed. Some characterization theorems on the integrability of distributions and on the geodesicity of these submanifolds have been obtained. Appropriate examples have been presented.
The main purpose of the present paper is to study the geometry of screen transversal lightlike submanifolds and radical screen transversal lightlike submanifolds and screen transversal anti-invariant lightlike submanifolds of Golden Semi-Riemannian manifolds. We investigate the geometry of distributions and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the induced connection on these manifolds to be metric connection. We also obtain characterization of screen transversal anti-invariant lightlike submanifolds of Golden Semi- Riemannian manifolds. Finally, we give two examples.
In this paper we study slant submanifolds of Lorentzian almost contact manifolds. We have taken the submanifold as a space like and then defined the slant angle on a submanifold and thus we extended the results of A. Lotta (Slant submanifolds in contact geometry [8]) and M. A. Khan et. al. (Slant submanifolds of Lorentzian Paracontact manifolds [7]) in this new setting.
In this paper we study the warped product submanifolds of a Lorentzian paracosymplectic manifold and obtain some nonexistence results. We show that a warped product semi-invariant submanifold in the form {$M=M_{T}\times_{f}M_{\bot}$} of Lorentzian paracosymplectic manifold such that the characteristic vector field is normal to $M$ is an usual Riemannian product manifold where totally geodesic and totally umbilical submanifolds of warped product are invariant and anti-invariant, respectively. We prove that the distributions involved in the definition of a warped product semi-invariant submanifo…
