In the present paper, we obtain the basic Chen inequalities for the statistical submanifolds of statistical cosymplectic manifolds. Also, we discuss the same inequalities for Legendrian submanifolds.
In this paper we study the hemi-slant submanifolds of cosymplectic manifolds. Necessary and sufficient conditions for distributions to be integrable are worked out. Some important results are obtained in this direction.
Recently, M. Atcken studied Contact CR-warped prod- uct submanifolds in cosymplectic space forms and established gen- eral sharp inequalities for CR-warped products in a cosymplectic manifold [1]. In the present paper, we obtain an inequality for the squared norm of the second fundamental form in terms of constant ?$ϕ$-sectional curvature for hemi-slant products in cosymplectic mani- folds. An inequality for hemi-slant warped products in a cosymplectc manifold is also given. The equality case is considered.
In this paper we present not only some properties related to bi-warped product submanifolds of locally conformal almost cosymplectic manifolds, but also we show how the squared norm of the second fundamental form and the bi-warped product's warping functions are related when the bi-warped product submanifold has a proper slant submanifold as a base or fiber.
Recently, we have shown that there do not exist the warped product semi-slant submanifolds of cosymplectic manifolds [10]. As nearly cosymplectic structure generalizes cosymplectic ones same as nearly Kaehler generalizes Kaehler structure in almost Hermitian setting. It is interesting that the warped product semi-slant submanifolds exist in nearly cosymplectic case while in case of cosymplectic do not exist. In the beginning, we prove some preparatory results and finally we obtain an inequality such as $\|h\|^2 \geq 4q\csc^2θ\{1+\frac{1}{9}\cos^2θ\}\|\nabla \ln f\|^2$ in terms of intrinsic and…
B.-Y. Chen initiated the study of warped product submanifolds in his fundamental seminal papers \cite{C1,C2,C2.1}. In this paper, we study contact CR-warped product submanifolds of cosymplectic space forms and prove an optimal inequality by using Gauss and Codazzi equations. In addition, we obtain two geometric inequalities for contact CR-warped product submanifolds with a compact invariant factor.
In [21], the authors initiated the study of quasi generalized CR (QGCR)-null submanifolds. In this paper, attention is drawn to some distributions on ascreen QGCR-null submanifolds in an indefinite nearly cosymplectic manifold. We characterize totally umbilical and irrotational ascreen QGCR-null submanifolds. We finally discuss the geometric effects of geodesity conditions on such submanifold.
We establish two main inequalities; one for the norm of the second fundamental form and the other for the matrix of the shape operator. The results obtained are for cosymplectic manifolds and, for these, we show that the contact warped product submanifolds naturally possess a geometric property; namely $\mathcal{D}_1$-minimality which, by means of the Gauss equation, allows us to obtain an optimal general inequality. For sake of generalization, we state our hypotheses for nearly cosymplectic manifolds, then we obtain them as particular cases for cosymplectic manifolds. For the other part of th…
In this paper, we prove that there are no proper $CRS$ bi-warped product submanifolds other than contact CR-biwarped products in Sasakian manifolds. On the other hand, we prove that if $M$ is a $CRS$ bi-warped product of the form $M=N_T \times_{f_1}N^{n_{1}}_\perp\times_{f_2} N^{n_{2}}_θ$ in a cosymplectic manifold $\widetilde M$, then its second fundamental form $h$ satisfies the inequality: $$\|h\|^2\geq 2n_1\|\nabla(\ln f_1)\|^2+2n_2(1+2\cot^2θ)\|\nabla(\ln f_2)\|^2,$$ where $N_T,\, N^{n_{1}}_\perp$ and $N^{n_{2}}_θ$ are invariant, anti-invariant and proper pointwise slant submanifolds of $…
For submanifolds tangent to the structure vector field in cosymplectic space forms, we establish a basic inequality between the main intrinsic invariants of the submanifold, namely its sectional curvature and scalar curvature on one side; and its main extrinsic invariant, namely squared mean curvature on the other side. Some applications including inequalities between the intrinsic invariant $δ_{M}$ and the squared mean curvature are given. The equality cases are also discussed
As a generalization of slant submanifolds and semi-slant submanifolds, we introduce the notions of pointwise slant submanifolds and pointwise semi-slant sunmanifolds of an almost contact metric manifold. We obtain a characterization at each notion, investigate the topological properties of pointwise slant submanifolds, and give some examples of them. We also consider some distributions on cosymplectic, Sasakian, Kenmotsu manifolds and deal with some properties of warped product pointwise semi-slant submanifolds. Finally, we give some inequalities for the squared norm of the second fundamental …
In this paper, we obtain Chen's inequalities for submanifolds in $(κ,μ)$-contact space form with two kinds of generalized semi-symmetric non-metric connections.
Recently Oprea gave an improved version of Chen's inequality for Lagrangian submanifolds of $\mathbb CP^n(4)$. For minimal submanifolds this inequality coincides with the original previously proved version. We consider here those non minimal 3-dimensional Lagrangian submanifolds in $\mathbb CP^3 (4)$ attaining at all points equality in the improved Chen inequality. We show how all such submanifolds may be obtained starting from a minimal Lagrangian surface in $\mathbb CP^2(4)$ and a suitable horizontal curve in $S^3(1)$.
In this paper, authors have established Chen's inequalities for the submanifolds of quaternionic Kaehler manifolds characterized by Ricci quarter-symmetric metric connection. Other than these inequalities, we have also derived generalized normalized Casorati curvature inequalities for the same submanifolds.
Recently, B.-Y. Chen and O. J. Garay studied pointwise slant submanifolds of almost Hermitian manifolds. By using the notion of pointwise slant submanifolds, we investigate the geometry of pointwise semi-slant submanifolds and their warped products in Sasakian and cosymplectic manifolds. We prove that there exist no proper pointwise semi-slant warped product submanifold other than contact CR-warped products in Sasakian manifolds. We give non-trivial examples of such submanifolds in cosypmlectic manifolds and obtain several fundamental results, including a characterization for warped product po…
We study biharmonic hypersurfaces and biharmonic submanifolds in a Riemannian manifold. One of interesting problems in this direction is Chen's conjecture which says that any biharmonic submanifold in a Euclidean space is minimal. From the invariant equation for biharmonic submanifolds, we derive a fundamental identity involving the mean curvature vector field, and using this, we prove Chen's conjecture on biharmonic submanifolds in a Euclidean space. More generally, it is proved that any biharmonic submanifold in a space form of nonpositively sectional curvature is minimal. Furthermore we pro…
A structure on an almost contact metric manifold is defined as a generalization of well-known cases: Sasakian, quasi-Sasakian, Kenmotsu and cosymplectic. Then we consider a semi-invariant $ξ^{\bot}$-submanifold of a manifold endowed with such a structure and two topics are studied: the integrability of distributions defined by this submanifold and characterizations for the totally umbilical case. In particular we recover results of Kenmotsu, Eum and Papaghiuc.
Mixed 3-structures are odd-dimensional analogues of paraquaternionic structures. They appear naturally on lightlike hypersurfaces of almost paraquaternionic hermitian manifolds. We study invariant and anti-invariant submanifolds in a manifold endowed with a mixed 3-structure and a compatible (semi-Riemannian) metric. Particular attention is given to two cases of ambient space: mixed 3-Sasakian and mixed 3-cosymplectic.
The generalized Chen's conjecture on biharmonic submanifolds asserts that any biharmonic submanifold of a non-positively curved manifold is minimal (see e.g., [CMO1], [MO], [BMO1], [BMO2], [BMO3], [Ba1], [Ba2], [Ou1], [Ou2], [IIU]). In this paper, we prove that this conjecture is false by constructing foliations of proper biharmonic hyperplanes in a 5-dimensional conformally flat space with negative sectional curvature. Many examples of proper biharmonic submanifolds of non-positively curved spaces are also given.
In this paper, we obtain a basic Chen's inequality for a C-totally real submanifold in a generalized $(κ,μ)$-contact space forms involving intrinsic invariants, namely the scalar curvature and the sectional curvatures of the submanifold on left hand side and the main extrinsic invariant, namely the squared mean curvature on the right hand side. Inequalities between the squared mean curvature and Ricci curvature and between the squared mean curvature and $k$-Ricci curvature are also obtained.
B.-Y. Chen famously conjectured that every submanifold of Euclidean space with harmonic mean curvature vector is minimal. In this note we establish a much more general statement for a large class of submanifolds satisfying a growth condition at infinity. We discuss in particular two popular competing natural interpretations of the conjecture when the Euclidean background space is replaced by an arbitrary Riemannian manifold. Introducing the notion of epsilon-superbiharmonic submanifolds, which contains each of the previous notions as special cases, we prove that epsilon-superbiharmonic submani…
In this paper, the first Chen inequality is proved for general warped product submanifolds in Riemannian space forms, this inequality involves intrinsic invariants ($δ$-invariant and sectional curvature) controlled by an extrinsic one (the mean curvature vector), which provides an answer for Problem 1. As a geometric application, this inequality is applied to derive a necessary condition for the immersed submanifold to be minimal in Riemannian space forms, which presents a partial answer for the well-known problem proposed by S.S. Chern, Problem 2. For further research directions, we address a…
We present Chen-Ricci inequality and improved Chen-Ricci inequality for curvature like tensors. Applying our improved Chen-Ricci inequality we study Lagrangian and Kaehlerian slant submanifolds of complex space forms and C-totally real submanifolds of Sasakian space forms.
In this note, we give a brief survey on some recent developments of biharmonic submanifolds. After reviewing some recent progress on Chen's biharmonic conjecture, the Generalized Chen's conjecture on biharmonic submanifolds of non-positively curved manifolds, and some classifications of biharmonic submanifolds of spheres, we give a short list of some open problems in this topic.
B. Y. Chen established sharp inequalities between certain Riemannian invariants and the squared mean curvature for submanifolds in real space form as well as in complex space form. In this paper we generalize Chen inequalities for submanifolds of Bochner Kaehler manifolds. Moreover, we consider CR-warped product submanifolds of Bochner Kaehler manifold and establish an inequality for scalar curvature.
In this paper I have studied about CR(Cauchy-Riemann)-submanifolds of Lorentzian Concircular Structure manifold ((LCS)n-manifold), Lorentzian Para-Sasakian(LP)-cosymplectic manifold, S-manifold and Generalized Kenmotsu (GKM) manifold. I have discussed some results regarding distribution, structure vector field, totally geodesic submanifold, leaf etc.. I have obtained results on totally umbilical contact CR-submanifold where the anti-invariant distribution has some properties. Next, I have studied some results about D-totally geodesic CR-submanifold (D is the distribution), a contact CR-submani…
In this article, I classify the totally geodesic submanifolds in the complex 2-Grassmannians and in the quaternionic 2-Grassmannians. It turns out that for both of these spaces, the earlier classification of maximal totally geodesic submanifolds in Riemannian symmetric spaces of rank 2, published by Chen and Nagano (B.-Y. Chen, T. Nagano, "Totally geodesic submanifolds of symmetric spaces, II", Duke Math. J. 45 (1978), 405--425) is incomplete. For example, G_2(H^n) with n >= 7 contains totally geodesic submanifolds isometric to a HP^2, its metric scaled such that the minimal sectional curvatur…
A longstanding conjecture on biharmonic submanifolds, proposed by Chen in 1991, is that {\it any biharmonic submanifold in a Euclidean space is minimal}. In the case of a hypersurface $M^n$ in $\mathbb R^{n+1}$, Chen's conjecture was settled in the case of $n=2$ by Chen and Jiang around 1987 independently. Hasanis and Vlachos in 1995 settled Chen's conjecture for a hypersurface with $n=3$. However, the general Chen's conjecture on a hypersurface $M^n$ remains open for $n> 3$. In this paper, we settle Chen's conjecture for hypersurfaces in $\mathbb R^{5}$ for $n=4$.
In the present paper, we obtain the basic Chen inequalities for submanifolds of quaternion Kaehler-like statistical manifolds. Also, we discuss the same inequality for Lagrangian submanifolds.
B. Y. Chen establish the relationship between the Ricci curvature and the squared mean curvature for submanifolds of Riemannian space form with arbitrary codimension. In this paper, we generalize the relationship between the Ricci curvature and the squared norm of mean curvature vector for submanifolds of Bochner Kahler manifolds.
We introduce sequential warped product submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds, provide examples and establish Chen's inequality for such submanifolds. The equality case is also studied. Moreover, by inspiring Lawson and Simons's integral currrent's theorem on a submanifold, we find a similar pinching inequality for a sequential warped product submanifold and obtain geometric results when the equality case is satisfied.
In the theory of submanifolds, the following problem is fundamental: to establish simple relationships between the main intrinsic invariants and the main extrinsic invariants of the submanifolds.The basic relationships discovered until now [1, 2, 3, 4] are inequalities. To analyze these problems, we follow the idea of C. Udriste [6, 7, 8] that the method of constrained extremum is a natural way to prove geometric inequalities. We improve the Chen's inequality which characterizes a totally real submanifold of a complex space form. For that we suppose that the submanifold is Lagrangian and we fo…
We establish some inequalities of Chen's type between certain intrinsic invariants (involving sectional, Ricci and scalar curvatures) and the squared mean curvature of submanifolds tangent to the structure vector fields of a generalized S-space-form and we discuss the equality cases of them. We apply the obtained results to slant submanifolds.
In this paper, we solve affirmatively B.-Y. Chen's conjecture for hypersurfaces in the Euclidean space, under a generic condition. More precisely, every biharmonic hypersurface of the Euclidean space must be minimal if their principal curvatures are simple, and the associated frame field is irreducible.
Our paper is an attempt to to verify the Chen's conjecture on biharmonic submanifolds and to classify biconservative submanifolds. In doing so we provide an affirmative answer to Chen's conjecture on biharmonic submanifolds. We prove that every biconservative Lorentz hypersurface $M_{1}^{n}$ in $\mathbb{E}_{1}^{n+1}$ having complex eigenvalues has constant mean curvature. Moreover, every biharmonic Lorentz hypersurface $M_{1}^{n}$ having complex eigenvalues in $\mathbb{E}_{1}^{n+1}$ must be minimal.
In this paper, warped product contact $CR$-submanifolds in Sasakian, Kenmotsu and cosymplectic manifolds are shown to possess a geometric property; namely $\mathcal{D}_T$-minimal. Taking benefit from this property, an optimal general inequality for warped product contact $CR$-submanifolds is established in both Sasakian and Kenmotsu manifolds by means of the Gauss equation, we leave cosyplectic because it is an easy structure. Moreover, a rich geometry appears when the necessity and sufficiency are proved and discussed in the equality case. Applying this general inequality, the inequalities ob…
We show that for an isometric immersion of a complete Riemannian manifold into a Riemannian manifold with non-positive curvature, the norm of the mean curvature vector field is square integrable, then it is minimal. This is a partial affirmative answer of the B. Y. Chen's conjecture.
Warped product CR-submanifolds in Kaehlerian manifolds were intensively studied only since 2001 after the impulse given by B.Y. Chen. Immediately after, another line of research, similar to that concerning Sasakian geometry as the odd dimensional version of Kaehlerian geometry, was developed, namely warped product contact CR-submanifolds in Sasakian manifolds. In this note we proved that there exists no proper doubly warped product contact CR-submanifolds in trans-Sasakian manifolds.
The CR $δ$-invariant for CR-submanifolds was introduced in a recent article [B. Y. Chen, An optimal inequality for CR-warped products in complex space forms involving CR $δ$-invariant, Internat. J. Math. 23} (2012), no. 3, 1250045 (17 pages)]. In this paper, we prove two new optimal inequalities for anti-holomorphic submanifolds in complex space forms involving the CR $δ$-invariant. Moreover, we obtain some classification results for certain anti-holomorphic submanifolds in complex space forms which satisfy the equality case of either inequality.
It is known that there exist no warped product semi-slant submanifolds in Kaehler manifolds \cite{Sahin}. Recently, Chen and Garay studied pointwise-slant submanifolds of almost Hermitian manifolds in \cite{CG} and obtained many new results for such submanifolds. In this paper, we first introduce pointwise semi-slant submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds and then we show that there exists non-trivial warped product pointwise semi-slant submanifolds of Kaehler manifold by giving an example, contrary to the semi-slant case. We present a characterization theorem and establish an inequality for the sq…
We consider a non-negative biminimal properly immersed submanifold $M$ (that is, a biminimal properly immersed submanifold with $λ\geq0$) in a complete Riemannian manifold $N$ with non-positive sectional curvature. Assume that the sectional curvature $K^N$ of $N$ satisfies $K^N\geq-L(1+{\rm dist}_N(\cdot, q_0)^2)^{\fracα{2}}$ for some $L>0,$ $2>α\geq 0$ and $q_0\in N$. Then, we prove that $M$ is minimal. As a corollary, we give that any biharmonic properly immersed submanifold in a hyperbolic space is minimal. These results give affirmative partial answers to the global version of generalized …
n this paper, we obtain a geometric inequality between the length of the second fundamental form and the length of Lee form in terms of the warping function for a CR-warped product submanifold in a locally conformal Kaehler space form. The equality case is also investigated. Furthermore, the inequality is discussed for the important subclass of locally conformal Kaehler manifolds i.e., Vaisman manifold.
Kenmotsu geometry is a valuable part of contact geometry with nice applications in other fields such as theoretical physics. In this article, we study the statistical counterpart of a Kenmotsu manifold, that is, Kenmotsu statistical manifold with some related examples. We investigate some statistical curvature properties of Kenmotsu statistical manifolds. We prove that a Kenmotsu statistical manifold is not a Ricci-flat statistical manifold with an example. Finally, we prove a very well-known Chen-Ricci inequality for statistical submanifolds in Kenmotsu statistical manifolds of constant $ϕ-$s…
The aim of this paper is to study variational properties for $f$-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in Kähler manifolds with real holomorphy potentials. Examples of submanifolds of this kind incuding soliton solutions for Lagrangian mean curvature flow (LMCF). We derive second variation formula for $f$-minimal Lagrangians as a generalization of Chen and Oh's formula for minimal Lagrangians. As a corollary, we obtain stability of expanding and translating solitons for LMCF. We also define calibrated submanifolds with respect to $f$-volume in gradient steady Kähler--Ricci solitons as generalization…
We consider existence and uniqueness of two kinds of coisotropic embeddings and deduce the existence of deformation quantizations of certain Poisson algebras of basic functions. First we show that any submanifold of a Poisson manifold satisfying a certain constant rank condition sits coisotropically inside some larger cosymplectic submanifold, which is naturally endowed with a Poisson structure. Then we give conditions under which a Dirac manifold can be embedded coisotropically in a Poisson manifold, extending a classical theorem of Gotay.
In this paper, we firstly consider Dirichlet eigenvalue problem which is related to Xin-Laplacian on the bounded domain of complete Riemannian manifolds. By establishing the general formulas, combining with some results of Chen and Cheng type, we prove some eigenvalue inequalities. As some applications, we consider the eigenvalues on some Riemannian manifolds admitting with special functions, the translating solitons, minimal submanifolds on the Euclidean spaces, submanifolds on the unit spheres, projective spaces and so on. In particular, for the case of translating solitons, some eigenvalue …
We give an optimal estimate for the norm of any submanifold's second fundamental form in terms of its focal radius and the lower sectional curvature bound of the ambient manifold. This is a special case of a similar theorem for intermediate Ricci curvature, and leads to a $C^{1,α}$ compactness result for submanifolds, as well as a "soul-type" structure theorem for manifolds with nonnegative $k^{th}$--intermediate Ricci curvature that have a closed submanifold with dimension $\geq k$ and infinite focal radius. To prove these results, we use the comparison lemma for Jacobi fields from arXiv:1603…