Tom Ilmanen, Dan Knopf
We obtain a lower bound for the diameter of a solution to the Ricci flow on a compact manifold with nonvanishing first real cohomology. A consequence of our result is an affirmative answer to Hamilton's conjecture that a product metric on $(S^{1}\times S^{n-1}$ cannot arise as a final time limit flow.
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It is shown that the diameter of a compact shrinking Ricci soliton has a universal lower bound. This is proved by extending universal estimates for the first non-zero eigenvalue of Laplacian on compact Riemannian manifolds with lower Ricci curvature bound to a twisted Laplacian on compact shrinking Ricci solitons.
In this note we discuss the fundamental groups and diameters of positively Ricci curved $n$-manifolds. We use a method combining the results about equivarient Hausdorff convergence developed by Fukaya and Yamaguchi with the Ricci version of splitting theorem by Cheeger and Colding to give new information on the topology of compact manifolds with positive Ricci curvature. Moreover, we also obtain a weak Margulis's lemma for manifolds under a lower Ricci curvature bound.
In a previous work, the authors have introduced a Lin-Lu-Yau type Ricci curvature for directed graphs, and obtained a diameter comparison of Bonnet-Myers type. In this paper, we investigate rigidity properties for the equality case, and conclude a maximal diameter theorem of Cheng type.
For Riemannian manifolds with a smooth measure $(M, g, e^{-f}dv_{g})$, we prove a generalized Myers compactness theorem when Bakry--Emery Ricci tensor is bounded from below and $f$ is bounded.
We give a sharp upper diameter bound for a compact shrinking Ricci soliton in terms of its scalar curvature integral and the Perelman's entropy functional. The sharp cases could occur at round spheres. The proof mainly relies on a sharp logarithmic Sobolev inequality of gradient shrinking Ricci solitons and a Vitali-type covering argument.
In this article, stimulated by Fernandez-Lopez and Garcia-Rio, we shall give an upper diameter bound for compact Ricci solitons in terms of the range of the scalar curvature. As an application, we shall provide some sufficient conditions for four-dimensional compact Ricci solitons to satisfy the Hitchin-Thorpe inequality.
In this paper, we shall give a new upper diameter estimate for complete Riemannian manifolds in the case that the Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature has a positive lower bound and the norm of the potential function has an upper bound. Our diameter estimate improves previous ones obtained by Wei and Wylie (J. Differential Geom. 83, 377--405, 2009) and Limoncu (Math. Z. 271, 715--722, 2012). As an application, we shall give an upper diameter bound for compact Ricci solitons in terms of the maximum value of the scalar curvature. By using such a diameter bound, we shall provide some new sufficient condit…
In this paper, we shall give a lower diameter bound for compact domain manifolds of shrinking Ricci-harmonic solitons. Our result may be regarded as a generalization to Ricci-harmonic geometry of the recent works by Fernández-López and García-Río (Q. J. Math. 61, 319--327, 2010), Futaki and Sano (Asian J. Math. 17, 17--32, 2013), and Futaki \textit{et al} (Ann. Global Anal. Geom. 44, 105--114, 2013).
A new proof of Perelman's scalar curvature and diameter estimates for the Kähler-Ricci flow on Fano manifolds
本文为Fano流形上Kähler-Ricci流的Perelman标量曲率和直径估计提供新证明，基于时空函数族的新Harnack估计，并推广至一般有限时间解。
We prove a lower bound estimate for the first non-zero eigenvalue of the Witten-Laplacian on compact Riemannian manifolds. As an application, we derive a lower bound estimate for the diameter of compact gradient shrinking Ricci solitons. Our results improve some previous estimates which were obtained by the first author and Y. Sano in [12], and by B. Andrews and L. Ni in [1]. Moreover, we extend the diameter estimate to compact self-similar shrinkers of mean curvature flow.
In 1968, Milnor conjectured that a complete noncompact manifold with nonnegative Ricci curvature has a finitely generated fundamental group. The author applies the Excess Theorem of Abresch and Gromoll (1990), to prove two theorems. The first states that if such a manifold has small linear diameter growth then its fundamental group is finitely generated. The second states that if such a manifold has an infinitely generated fundamental group then it has a tangent cone at infinity which is not polar. A corollary of either theorem is the fact that if such a manifold has linear volume growth, then…
We show that, given an immortal solution to the Ricci flow on a closed manifold with uniformly bounded curvature and diameter, the Ricci tensor goes to zero as t goes to infinity. We also show that if there exists an immortal solution on a closed 3-dimensional manifold such that the product of the square of the diameter with the norm of the curvature tensor is uniformly bounded, then the solution must be of type III.
Quantitative Maximal Diameter Rigidity of Positive Ricci Curvature
本文证明在正 Ricci 曲率下，若流形直径接近最大直径且局部万有覆盖满足 Riefenberg 条件，则其与单位球面微分同胚且双 Hölder 接近，从而将 Cheng 刚性定理定量化。
Weak transcendental base-point freeness and diameter lower bounds for the Kähler-Ricci flow
该研究在紧致Kähler流形上证明了弱超越基点无关性，并据此推导了非Fano初始数据的Kähler-Ricci流有限时间奇点的直径下界。
Discrete time random walks on a finite set naturally translate via a one-to-one correspondence to discrete Laplace operators. Typically, Ollivier curvature has been investigated via random walks. We first extend the definition of Ollivier curvature to general weighted graphs and then give a strikingly simple representation of Ollivier curvature using the graph Laplacian. Using the Laplacian as a generator of a continuous time Markov chain, we connect Ollivier curvature with the heat equation which is strongly related to continuous time random walks. In particular, we prove that a lower bound o…
In this note, we prove that positive scalar curvature can pass to three dimensional Ricci limit spaces of non-negative Ricci curvature when it splits off a line. As a corollary, we obtain an optimal Bonnet-Myers type upper bound. Moreover, we obtain a similar statement in all dimensions for Alexandrov spaces of non-negative curvature.
Diameter bounds in 3d Type I Ricci flows
本文证明三维紧致Ricci流遇到Type I奇点时直径一致有界，肯定回答Perelman猜想；通过引入颈部区域并证明填充测度的Ahlfors正则性实现。
For an immortal Ricci flow on an $m$-dimensional $(m\ge 3)$ closed manifold, we show the following convergence results: (1) if the curvature and diameter are uniformly bounded, then any unbounded sequence of time slices sub-converges to a Riemannian orbifold; (2) if the flow is type-III with diameter growth controlled by $t^{\frac{1}{2}}$, then any blowdown limit is an $m$-dimensional negative Einstein manifold, provided that Feldman-Ilmanen-Ni's $\boldsymbolμ_+$-functional satisfies $\lim_{t\to \infty} t\boldsymbolμ_+'(t)=0$.
It is well known that the Kähler-Ricci flow on a Kähler manifold $X$ admits a long-time solution if and only if $X$ is a minimal model, i.e., the canonical line bundle $K_X$ is nef. The abundance conjecture in algebraic geometry predicts that $K_X$ must be semi-ample when $X$ is a projective minimal model. We prove that if $K_X$ is semi-ample, then the diameter is uniformly bounded for long-time solutions of the normalized Kähler-Ricci flow. Our diameter estimate combined with the scalar curvature estimate in [34] for long-time solutions of the Kähler-Ricci flow are natural extensions of Perel…
An equivalent definition of entropic Ricci curvature on discrete spaces was given in terms of the global gradient estimate. With a particular choice of the density function $ρ$, we obtain a localized gradient estimate, which in turns allow us to derive a Bonnet-Myers type diameter bound for graphs with positive entropic Ricci curvature. However, the case of the hypercubes indicates that the bound may be not optimal (where $θ$ is chosen to be logarithmic mean by default). If $θ$ is arithmetic mean, the Bakry-Émery criterion can be recovered and the diameter bound is optimal as it can be attaine…
If g(t) is a three-dimensional Ricci flow solution, with sectional curvatures that decay like the inverse of t and diameter that increases at most like the square root of t, then the pullback Ricci flow solution on the universal cover approaches a homogeneous expanding soliton.
A question about Ricci flow is when the diameters of the manifold under the evolving metrics stay finite and bounded away from 0. Topping \cite{T:1} addresses the question with an upper bound that depends on the $L^{(n-1)/2}$ bound of the scalar curvature, volume and a local version of Perelman's $ν$ invariant. Here $n$ is the dimension. His result is sharp when Perelman's F entropy is positive. In this note, we give a direct proof that for all compact manifolds, the diameter bound depends just on the $L^{(n-1)/2}$ bound of the scalar curvature, volume and the Sobolev constants (or positive Ya…
The standard Bonnet-Myers theorem says that if the Ricci scalar of a Riemannian manifold is bounded below by a positive number, then the manifold is compact. Moreover, a bound of its diameter is pointed out. The theorem was extended to Finsler manifolds. In this paper we prove that if a certain condition on the average of the Ricci scalar holds, then the Finsler manifold M is compact if the Ricci scalar is bounded above by the same positive number. An upper bound of the diameter is also found. With no condition on Ricci scalar itself but with a different one on its average, we find that the Fi…
In this survey article, we discuss some topics on self-similar solutions to the Ricci flow and the mean curvature flow. Self-similar solutions to the Ricci flow are known as Ricci solitons. In the first part of this paper we discuss a lower diameter bound for compact manifolds with shrinking Ricci solitons. Such a bound can be obtained from an eigenvalue estimate for a twisted Laplacian, called the Witten-Laplacian. In the second part we discuss self-similar solutions to the mean curvature flow on cone manifolds. Many results have been obtained for solutions in $\bfR^n$ or $\bfC^n$. We see tha…
Spectral comparison results for the $N$-Bakry-Emery Ricci tensor
本文研究了 $N$-Bakry-Emery Ricci 张量在谱意义下具有正下界时的几何比较问题，建立了直径和全局加权体积比较结果。
In this paper we give bounds for the first eigenvalue of the conformal Laplacian and the Yamabe invariant of a compact Riemannian manifold, by using conditions on the Ricci curvature and the diameter and deduce certain conditions on the manifold to be conformal to a sphere.
We study solutions to generalized Ricci flow on four-manifolds with a nilpotent, codimension $1$ symmetry. We show that all such flows are immortal, and satisfy type III curvature and diameter estimates. Using a new kind of monotone energy adapted to this setting, we show that blowdown limits lie in a canonical finite-dimensional family of solutions. The results are new for Ricci flow.
We survey some recent developments in the study of collapsing Riemannian manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded below, especially the locally bounded Ricci covering geometry and the Ricci flow smoothing techniques. We then prove that if a Calabi-Yau manifold is sufficiently volume collapsed with bounded diameter and sectional curvature, then it admits a Ricci-flat Kähler metrictogether with a compatible pure nilpotent Killing structure: this is related to an open question of Cheeger, Fukaya and Gromov.
Let $M^n$ be a compact K$\ddot{a}$hler manifold with almost nonnegative Ricci curvature and nonzero first Betti number. We show that the holomorphic Euler number of $M^n$ vanishes, which gives a new obstruction for compact complex manifolds admitting K$\ddot{a}$hler metrics with almost nonnegative Ricci curvature. A crucial step in the proof is to show a vanishing theorem of Dolbeault-Morse-Novikov cohomology.
On the long time behavior of ancient homogeneous Ricci flows
本文研究古老均匀里奇流的长时间行为，证明了其通过缩小序列收敛到梯度缩小里奇溶子的性质。
In this paper we give a diameter bound for Sasaki manifolds with positive transverse Ricci curvature. As an application, we obtain the uniqueness of Sasaki-Einstein metrics on compact Sasaki manifolds modulo the action of the identity component of the automorphism group for the transverse holomorphic structure.
In this paper, we prove the compactness theorem for gradient Ricci solitons. Let $(M_α, g_α)$ be a sequence of compact gradient Ricci solitons of dimension $n\geq 4$, whose curvatures have uniformly bounded $L^{\frac{n}{2}}$ norms, whose Ricci curvatures are uniformly bounded from below with uniformly lower bounded volume and with uniformly upper bounded diameter, then there must exists a subsequence $(M_α, g_α)$ converging to a compact orbifold $(M_{\infty}, g_{\infty})$ with finitly many isolated singularities, where $g_{\infty}$ is a gradient Ricci soliton metric in an orbifold sense.
In this paper we obtain a simple upper bound for the infimum of the Ricci curvatures of a complete Riemannian manifold with nonzero injectivity radius i(M) depending only on of the i(M). In case of rigidity the Riemannian manifold must be an Euclidean sphere(Euclidean space) conform the injectivity radius be finite(infinite). Furthermore with the additional assumption that the second derivative of the Ricci tensor is null we prove that the same upper bound for the infimum of the Ricci curvatures holds for the supremum of the Ricci curvatures and $M^n$ has, in fact, parallel Ricci tensor.
Notes on scalar curvature lower bounds of steady gradient Ricci solitons
本文研究了稳态梯度瑞奇流的标量曲率衰减估计及流形直径上界，利用Gromov引入的μ-气泡方法进行证明。
We investigate analytic and geometric implications of non-constant Ricci curvature bounds. We prove a Lichnerowicz eigenvalue estimate and finiteness of the fundamental group assuming that $L+2 Ric$ is a positive operator where $L$ is the graph Laplacian. Assuming that the negative part of the Ricci curvature is small in Kato sense, we prove diameter bounds, elliptic Harnack inequality and Buser inequality. This article seems to be the first one establishing these results while allowing for some negative curvature.
The main purpose of this note is to prove that any basis of a nilpotent Lie algebra for which all diagonal left-invariant metrics have diagonal Ricci tensor necessarily produce quite a simple set of structural constants; namely, the bracket of any pair of elements of the basis must be a multiple of some of them and only the bracket of disjoint pairs can be nonzero multiples of the same element. Some applications to the Ricci flow of left-invariant metrics on Lie groups concerning diagonalization are also given.
We will consider a {\it $τ$-flow}, given by the equation $\frac{d}{dt}g_{ij} = -2R_{ij} + \frac{1}τg_{ij}$ on a closed manifold $M$, for all times $t\in [0,\infty)$. We will prove that if the curvature operator and the diameter of $(M,g(t))$ are uniformly bounded along the flow, then we have a sequential convergence of the flow toward the solitons.
We study some asymptotic behavior of the first nonzero eigenvalue of the Lalacian along the normalized Ricci flow and give a direct short proof for an asymptotic upper limit estimate.
In this paper, we give a lower bound estimate for the diameter of a Lagrangian self-shrinker in a gradient shrinking Kähler-Ricci soliton as an analog of a result of A. Futaki, H. Li and X.-D. Li for a self-shrinker in a Euclidean space. We also prove an analog of a result of H.-D. Cao and H. Li about the non-existence of compact self-expanders in a Euclidean space.
For a fat sub-Riemannian structure, we introduce three canonical Ricci curvatures in the sense of Agrachev-Zelenko-Li. Under appropriate bounds we prove comparison theorems for conjugate lengths, Bonnet-Myers type results and Laplacian comparison theorems for the intrinsic sub-Laplacian. As an application, we consider the sub-Riemannian structure of $3$-Sasakian manifolds, for which we provide explicit curvature formulas. We prove that any complete $3$-Sasakian structure of dimension $4d+3$, with $d>1$, has sub-Riemannian diameter bounded by $π$. When $d=1$, a similar statement holds under add…
In this paper we prove a new Myers' type diameter estimate on a complete connected Reimannian manifold which admits a bounded vector field such that the Bakry-Émery Ricci tensor has a positive lower bound. The result is sharper than previous Myers' type results. The proof uses the generalized mean curvature comparison applied to the excess function instead of the classical second variation of geodesics.
We consider the Kähler Ricci flow on a smooth minimal model of general type, we show that if the Ricci curvature is uniformly bounded below along the Kähler-Ricci flow, then the diameter is uniformly bounded. As a corollary we show that under the Ricci curvature lower bound assumption, the Gromov-Hausdorff limit of the flow is homeomorphic to the canonical model. Moreover, we can give a purely analytic proof of a recent result of Tosatti-Zhang (\cite{TZ}) that if the canonical line bundle $K_X$ is big and nef, but not ample, then the flow is of Type IIb.
In this paper we prove mean curvature comparisons and volume comparisons on a smooth metric measure space when the integral radial Bakry-Émery Ricci tensor and the potential function or its gradient are bounded. As applications, we prove diameter estimates and eigenvalue estimates on smooth metric measure spaces. These results not only give a supplement of the author's previous results under integral Bakry-Émery Ricci tensor bounds, but also are generalizations of the Wei-Wylie's pointwise results.
Local Topology of Riemannian Manifolds with Lower Intermediate Ricci Curvature Bounds
本文证明了在体积、直径和中间里奇曲率下界条件下，闭流形局部贝蒂数的消失定理，并推广至开流形的全局贝蒂数。
On closed Riemannian manifolds with Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature bounded from below and bounded gradient of the potential function, we obtain lower bounds for all positive eigenvalues of the Beltrami-Laplacian instead of the drifted Laplacian. The lower bound of the $k$th eigenvalue depends on $k$, Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature lower bound, the gradient bound of the potential function, and the dimension and diameter upper bound of the manifold, but the volume of the manifold is not involved. Especially, these results apply to closed manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded from below.
We prove mean curvature and volume comparison estimates on smooth metric measure spaces when their integral Bakry-Émery Ricci tensor bounds, extending Wei-Wylie's comparison results to the integral case. We also apply comparison results to get diameter estimates, eigenvalue estimates and volume growth estimates on smooth metric measure spaces with their normalized integral smallness for Bakry-Émery Ricci tensor. These give generalizations of some work of Petersen-Wei, Aubry, Petersen-Sprouse, Yau and more.
We show that Perelman's W-functional can be generalized to Sasaki-Ricci flow. When the basic first Chern class is positive, we prove a uniform bound on the scalar curvature, the diameter and a uniform $C^1$ bound for the transverse Ricci potential along the Sasaki-Ricci flow, which generalizes Perelman's results Kahler-Ricci flow to the Sasakian setting. We also show that the positivity of transverse of holomorphic bisectional curvature is preserved along the flow, using the methods and the results proved by Bando and Mok in Kahler setting. In particular, we show that the Sasaki-Ricci flow wou…
For collapsing sequences of Riemannian manifolds which satisfy a uniform lower Ricci curvature bound it is shown that there is a sequence of scales such that for a set of good base points of large measure the pointed rescaled manifolds subconverge to a product of a Euclidean and a compact space. All Euclidean factors have the same dimension, all possible compact factors satisfy the same diameter bounds and their dimension does not depend on the choice of the base point (along a fixed subsequence).
A Sharp Diameter-Dependent Lower Bound for the First Nonzero Neumann Eigenvalue of Geodesic Triangles in Space Forms
该研究针对二维空间形式的测地三角形，证明了其第一非零Neumann特征值的依赖直径的尖锐下界，还推导了非锐角球面三角形的热点定理及等腰球面三角形的相关性质。
We prove precompactness in an orbifold Cheeger-Gromov sense of complete gradient Ricci shrinkers with a lower bound on their entropy and a local integral Riemann bound. We do not need any pointwise curvature assumptions, volume or diameter bounds. In dimension four, under a technical assumption, we can replace the local integral Riemann bound by an upper bound for the Euler characteristic. The proof relies on a Gauss-Bonnet with cutoff argument.
In this paper, we discuss diameter bound and Gromov-Hausdorff convergence of a twisted conical Kähler-Ricci flow on the total spaces of some holomorphic submersions. We also observe that, starting from a model conical Kähler metric with possibly unbounded scalar curvature, the conical Kähler-Ricci flow will instantly have bounded scalar curvature for $t>0$, and the bound is of the form $\frac{C}{t}$. Several key results will be obtained by direct arguments on the conical equation without passing to a smooth approximation. In the last section, we present several remarks on a twisted Kähler-Ricc…
Lu-Minguzzi-Ohta have introduced the notion of a lower $N$-weighted Ricci curvature bound with $\varepsilon$-range, and derived several comparison geometric estimates from a Laplacian comparison theorem for weighted Laplacian. The aim of this paper is to investigate various rigidity phenomena for the equality case of their comparison geometric results. We will obtain rigidity results concerning the Laplacian comparison theorem, diameter comparisons, and volume comparisons. We also generalize their works for non-symmetric Laplacian induced from vector field potential.
In this paper, we introduce a new notion for lower bounds of Ricci curvature on Alexandrov spaces, and extend Cheeger-Gromoll splitting theorem and Cheng's maximal diameter theorem to Alexandrov spaces under this Ricci curvature condition.
Let $Δ_φ= Δ-\nabla φ\nabla$ be a symmetric diffusion operator with an invariant weighted volume measure $dμ= e^{-φ} dv$ on an $n$-dimensional compact Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$, where $g=g(t)$ solves the extended Ricci flow. In this article we study the evolution and monotonicty of the first nonzero eigenvalue of $Δ_φ$ and we obatin several monotone quantities along the extended Ricci flow and its volume preserving version under some technical assumption. We also show that the eigenvalues diverge in a finite time for the case $n\geq 3$. Our results are natural extension of some known results …
In this note, we prove a uniform distance distortion estimate for Ricci flows with uniformly bounded scalar curvature, independent of the lower bound of the initial $μ$-entropy. Our basic principle tells that once correctly renormalized, the metric-measure quantities obey similar estimates as in the non-collapsing case; espeically, the lower bounds of the renormalized heat kernel, observed on a scale comparable to the initial diameter, matches with the lower bound of the renormalized volume ratio, giving the desired distance distortion estimate.
We will consider a {\it $τ$-flow}, given by the equation $\frac{d}{dt}g_{ij} = -2R_{ij} + \frac{1}τg_{ij}$ on a closed manifold $M$, for all times $t\in [0,\infty)$. We will prove that if the curvature operator and the diameter of $(M,g(t))$ are uniformly bounded along the flow and if one of the limit solitons is integrable, then we have a convergence of the flow toward a unique soliton, up to a diffeomorphism.
We define the orthogonal Bakry-Émery tensor as a generalization of the orthogonal Ricci curvature, and then study diameter theorems on Kähler and quaternionic Kähler manifolds under positivity assumption on the orthogonal Bakry-Émery tensor. Moreover, under such assumptions on the orthogonal Bakry-Émery tensor and the holomorphic or quaternionic sectional curvature on a Kähler manifold or a quaternionic Kähler manifold respectively, the Bonnet-Myers type diameter bounds are sharper than in the Riemannian case.
We prove diameter bounds for graphs having positive Ricci-curvature bound in Bakry-Emery sense. One result using only curvature and maximal vertex degree is sharp in case of hypercubes. The other result depends on an additional dimension bound, but is independent of the vertex degree. In particular, the second result is the first Bonnet-Myers type theorem for unbounded graph Laplacians. Moreover, our results improve diameter bounds from [6] and [10].
We give an estimate on the lower bound of the first non-zero eigenvalue of the Laplacian for a closed Riemannian manifold with positive Ricci curvature in terms of the in-diameter and the lower bound of the Ricci curvature.
It is shown that a self-dual neutral Einstein four-manifold of Petrov type III, admitting a two-dimensional null parallel distribution compatible with the orientation, cannot be compact or locally homogeneous, and its maximum possible degree of mobility is 3. Diaz-Ramos, Garcia-Rio and Vazquez-Lorenzo found a general coordinate form of such manifolds. The present paper also provides a modified version of that coordinate form, valid in a suitably defined generic case and, in a sense, "more canonical" than the usual formulation. Moreover, the local-isometry types of manifolds as above having the…
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