We study actions of ``compact quantum groups'' on ``finite quantum spaces''. According to Woronowicz and to general $\c^*$-algebra philosophy these correspond to certain coactions $v:A\to A\otimes H$. Here $A$ is a finite dimensional $\c^*$-algebra, and $H$ is a certain special type of Hopf *-algebra. If $v$ preserves a positive linear form $ϕ:A\to\c$, a version of Jones' ``basic construction'' applies. This produces a certain $\c^*$-algebra structure on $A^{\otimes n}$, plus a coaction $v_n :A^{\otimes n}\to A^{\otimes n}\otimes H$, for every $n$. The elements $x$ satisfying $v_n(x)=x\otimes 1$ are called fixed points of $v_n$. They form a $\c^*$-algebra $Q_n(v)$. We prove that under suitable assumptions on $v$ the graded union of the algebras $Q_n(v)$ is a spherical $\c^*$-planar algebra.
Let A be a commutative unital algebra over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic not equal to 2, whose generators form a finite-dimensional subspace V, with no nontrivial homogeneous quadratic relations. Let Q be a Hopf algebra that coacts on A inner-faithfully, while leaving V invariant. We prove that Q must be commutative when either: (i) the coaction preserves a non-degenerate bilinear form on V; or (ii) Q is co-semisimple, finite-dimensional, and char(k)=0.
A coaction of a Hopf algebra on a unital algebra is called homogeneous if the algebra of coinvariants equals the ground field. A coaction of a Hopf algebra on a (not necessarily unital) algebra is called Galois, or principal, or free, if the canonical map, also known as the Galois map, is bijective. In this paper, we establish a duality between a particular class of homogeneous coactions, up to equivariant Morita equivalence, and Galois coactions, up to isomorphism.
Coactions of Hopf C*-bimodules simultaneously generalize coactions of Hopf C*-algebras and actions of groupoids. Following an approach of Baaj and Skandalis, we construct reduced crossed products and establish a duality for fine coactions. Examples of coactions arise from Fell bundles on groupoids and actions of a groupoid on bundles of C*-algebras. Continuous Fell bundles on an etale groupoid correspond to coactions of the reduced groupoid algebra, and actions of a groupoid on a continuous bundle of C*-algebras correspond to coactions of the function algebra.
In this work we investigate the notion of action or coaction of a finite quantum groupoid in von Neumann algebras context. In particular we prove a double crossed product theorem and prove the existence of an universal von Neumann algebra on which any finite groupoids acts outerly. In previous works, N. Andruskiewitsch and S.Natale define for any match pair of groupoids two $C^*$-quantum groupoids in duality, we give here an interpretation of them in terms of crossed products of groupoids using a multiplicative partial isometry which gives a complete description of these structures. In a next …
A condition is identified which guarantees that the coinvariants of a coaction of a Hopf algebra on an algebra form a subalgebra, even though the coaction may fail to be an algebra homomorphism. A Hilbert Theorem (finite generation of the subalgebra of coinvariants) is obtained for such coactions of a cosemisimple Hopf algebra. This is applied to two adjoint coactions of quantized function algebras of classical groups on the associated FRT bialgebra. Provided that the Hopf algebra is cosemisimple and coquasitriangular, the algebras of coinvariants form two finitely generated, commutative, grad…
In this paper we describe the Hopf algebras on planar binary trees used to renormalize the Feynman propagators of quantum electrodynamics, and the coaction which describes the renormalization procedure. Both structures are related to some semi-direct coproduct of Hopf algebras.
We prove a criterion of when a coaction of a compact Lie group on an algebra of continuous functions on a compact manifold extends to a coaction of deformation quantizations of the Lie group and the algebra. We compute an explicit example of a compact quantum group $SU(3)_θ$, which arises as a deformation quantization of the Lie group $SU(3)$ by an action of its maximal torus. Using the criterion, we determine exactly when the action of $SU(3)$ on $S^5$ extends to a coaction of $SU(3)_θ$ on the noncommutative 5-sphere $S^5_{θ'}$. Furthermore, this coaction is shown to be cotransitive. A coacti…
Principal comodule algebras can be thought of as objects representing principal bundles in non-commutative geometry. A crucial component of a principal comodule algebra is a strong connection map. For some applications it suffices to prove that such a map exists, but for others, such as computing the associated bundle projectors or Chern-Galois characters, an explicit formula for a strong connection is necessary. It has been known for some time how to construct a strong connection map on a multi-pullback comodule algebra from strong connections on multi-pullback components, but the known expli…
We consider induced coactions on C*-algebras along a homomorphism of locally compact quantum groups which need not give a closed quantum subgroup. Our approach generalizes the induced coactions constructed by Vaes, and also includes certain fixed point algebras. We focus on the case when the homomorphism satisfies a quantum analogue of properness. Induced coactions along such a homomorphism still admit the natural formulations of various properties known in the case of a closed quantum subgroup, such as imprimitivity and adjointness with restriction. Also, we show a relationship of induced coa…
If B is C*-algebra of finite dimension n>3 then the finite dimensional irreducible representations of the compact quantum automorphism group of B, say G, have the same fusion rules as the ones of SO(3). As consequences, we get (1) a structure result for G in the case where B is a matrix algebra (2) if n>4 then the dual of G is not amenable (3) the fixed point subfactor P^G\subset (B\otimes P)^G has index n and principal graph A_\infty.
We prove that the class of principal coactions is closed under one-surjective pullbacks in an appropriate category of algebras equipped with left and right coactions. This allows us to handle cases of C*-algebras lacking two different non-trivial ideals. It also allows us to go beyond the category of comodule algebras. As an example of the former, we carry out an index computation for noncommutative line bundles over the standard Podles sphere using the Mayer-Vietoris type arguments afforded by a one-surjective pullback presentation of the C*-algebra of this quantum sphere. To instantiate the …
In this paper we introduce a notion of quantum Hamiltonian (co)action of Hopf algebras endowed with Drinfel'd twist structure (resp., 2-cocycles). First, we define a classical Hamiltonian action in the setting of Poisson Lie groups compatible with the 2-cocycle stucture and we discuss a concrete example. This allows us to construct, out of the classical momentum map, a quantum momentum map in the setting of Hopf coactions and to quantize it by using Drinfel'd approach.
The defining conditions for the irreducible tensor operators associated with the unitary irreducible corepresentions of compact quantum group algebras are deduced first in both the right and left regular coaction formalisms. In each case it is shown that there are {\em{two}} types of irreducible tensor operator, which may be called `ordinary' and `twisted'. The consistency of the definitions is demonstrated, and various consequences are deduced, including generalizations of the Wigner-Eckart theorem for both the ordinary and twisted operators. Also included are discussions (within the regular …
Polylogarithmic characterizations of the reduced coaction Lie algebra and the double shuffle Lie algebra, and their relation to the Kashiwara--Vergne Lie algebra
Université de Genève（日内瓦大学）；Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée, UMR 7501, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS（斯特拉斯堡大学与法国国家科学研究中心联合数学高级研究所）
We construct new examples of ergodic coactions of compact quantum groups, in which the multiplicity of an irreducible corepresentation can be strictly larger than the dimension of the latter. These examples are obtained using a bijective correspondence between certain ergodic coactions on C*-algebras and unitary fiber functors on the representation category of a compact quantum group. We classify these unitary fiber functors on the universal orthogonal and unitary quantum groups. The associated C*-algebras and von Neumann algebras can be defined by generators and relations, but are not yet wel…
We define and study square-integrable coactions of locally compact quantum groups on Hilbert modules, generalising previous work for group actions. As special cases, we consider square-integrable Hilbert space corepresentations and integrable coactions on C*-algebras. Our main result is an equivariant generalisation of Kasparov's Stabilisation Theorem.
We construct the join of noncommutative Galois objects (quantum torsors) over a Hopf algebra H. To ensure that the join algebra enjoys the natural (diagonal) coaction of H, we braid the tensor product of the Galois objects. Then we show that this coaction is principal. Our examples are built from the noncommutative torus with the natural free action of the classical torus, and arbitrary anti-Drinfeld doubles of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras. The former yields a noncommutative deformation of a non-trivial torus bundle, and the latter a finite quantum covering.
We extend the construction of generalized fixed point algebras to the setting of locally compact quantum groups - in the sense of Kustermans and Vaes - following the treatment of Marc Rieffel, Ruy Exel and Ralf Meyer in the group case. We mainly follow Meyer's approach analyzing the constructions in the realm of equivariant Hilbert modules. We generalize the notion of continuous square-integrability, which is exactly what one needs in order to define generalized fixed point algebras. As in the group case, we prove that there is a correspondence between continuously square-integrable Hilbert mo…
In this work, we study another characterization of Yetter-Drinfeld algebras over finite-dimensional Hopf algebras. We show the equivalence between this characterization, called the "only coaction" characterization, and the standard "action-coaction" characterization. This modern approach for Yetter-Drinfeld algebras is one of the key ingredient in a self-dual theory of quantum transformation groupoids arising from actions of quantum groups.
Conjugation coactions of the quantum general linear group on the algebra of quantum matrices have been introduced in an earlier paper and the coinvariants have been determined. In this paper the notion of orbit is considered via co-orbit maps for these coactions. The co-orbit maps are calculated explicitly for 2 by 2 quantum matrices. In the NxN case we consider the case of a generic diagonal matrix when the deformation parameter is transcendental over the field generated by the diagonal entries.
We prove First Fundamental Theorems of Coinvariant Theory for the standard coactions of the quantum general and special linear groups on tensor products of quantum matrix algebras. More precisely, let m,n,t be arbitrary positive integers, let A and B be the quantum coordinate rings of the $t \times t$ general and special linear groups over an arbitrary field K, and let $C_{m,t}$ and $C_{t,n}$ denote the quantum coordinate rings of $m \times t$ and $t \times n$ matrices over K. We first prove that the set of coinvariants for the coaction of A on $C_{m,t} \otimes C_{t,n}$ equals the image of the…
We show that the differential complex $Ω_{B}$ over the braided matrix algebra $BM_{q}(N)$ represents a covariant comodule with respect to the coaction of the Hopf algebra $Ω_{A}$ which is a differential extension of $GL_{q}(N)$. On the other hand, the algebra $Ω_{A}$ is a covariant braided comodule with respect to the coaction of the braided Hopf algebra $Ω_{B}$. Geometrical aspects of these results are discussed.
In this paper, we will prove that if $A$ is a $C^*$-algebra with an effective coaction $ε$ by a compact quantum group, then the fixed point algebra and the reduced crossed product are Morita equivalent. As an application, we prove an imprimitivity type theorem for crossed products of coactions by discrete Kac $C^*$-algebras.
In the framework of locally compact quantum groups, we provide an induction procedure for unitary corepresentations as well as coactions on C*-algebras. We prove imprimitivity theorems that unify the existing theorems for actions and coactions of groups. We essentially use von Neumann algebraic techniques.
In this work we deal with partial (co)action of multiplier Hopf algebras on not necessarily unital algebras. Our main goal is to construct a Morita context relating the coinvariant algebra $R^{\underline{coA}}$ with a certain subalgebra of the smash product $R\#\widehat{A}$. Besides this we present the notion of partial Galois coaction, which is closely related to this Morita context.
A comodule algebra P over a Hopf algebra H with bijective antipode is called principal if the coaction of H is Galois and P is H-equivariantly projective (faithfully flat) over the coaction-invariant subalgebra B. We prove that principality is a piecewise property: given N comodule-algebra surjections P->Pi whose kernels intersect to zero, P is principal if and only if all Pi's are principal. Furthermore, assuming the principality of P, we show that the lattice these kernels generate is distributive if and only if so is the lattice obtained by intersection with B. Finally, assuming the above d…
We construct canonical strongly bicovariant differential graded algebra structures on all four flavours of cross product Hopf algebras, namely double cross products $A\hookrightarrow A\bowtie H\hookleftarrow H$, double cross coproducts $A\twoheadleftarrow A {\blacktriangleright\!\!\blacktriangleleft} H\twoheadrightarrow H$, biproducts $A{\buildrel\hookrightarrow\over \twoheadleftarrow}A{\cdot\kern-.33em\triangleright\!\!\!<} B$ and bicrossproducts $A\hookrightarrow A{\blacktriangleright\!\!\triangleleft} H\twoheadrightarrow H$ on the assumption that the factors have strongly bicovariant calcul…
We study the Hopf algebra structure of Lusztig's quantum groups. First we show that the zero part is the tensor product of the group algebra of a finite abelian group with the enveloping algebra of an abelian Lie algebra. Second we build them from the plus, minus and zero parts by means of suitable actions and coactions within the formalism presented by Sommerhauser to describe triangular decompositions.
To any finite metric space $X$ we associate the universal Hopf $\c^*$-algebra $H$ coacting on $X$. We prove that spaces $X$ having at most 7 points fall into one of the following classes: (1) the coaction of $H$ is not transitive; (2) $H$ is the algebra of functions on the automorphism group of $X$; (3) $X$ is a simplex and $H$ corresponds to a Temperley-Lieb algebra; (4) $X$ is a product of simplexes and $H$ corresponds to a Fuss-Catalan algebra.
We give a coring version for the duality theorem for actions and coactions of a finitely generated projective Hopf algebra. We also provide a coring analogue for a theorem of H.-J. Schneider, which generalizes and unifies the duality theorem for finite Hopf algebras and its refinements.
Using the corepresentation of the quantum group $ SL_q(2)$ a general method for constructing noncommutative spaces covariant under its coaction is developed. The method allows us to treat the quantum plane and Podleś' quantum spheres in a unified way and to construct higher dimensional noncommutative spaces systematically. Furthermore, we extend the method to the quantum supergroup $ OSp_q(1|2).$ In particular, a one-parameter family of covariant algebras, which may be interpreted as noncommutative superspheres, is constructed.
We present a short review of the action and coaction of Hopf algebras on Clifford algebras as an introduction to physically meaningful examples. Some q-deformed Clifford algebras are studied from this context and conclusions are derived.
Partial actions of Hopf algebras can be considered as a generalization of partial actions of groups on algebras. Among important properties of partial Hopf actions, it is possible to prove the existence of enveloping actions, i.e., every partial Hopf action on a algebra A is induced by a Hopf action on a algebra B that contains A as a right ideal. This globalization theorem allows to extend several results from the theory of partial group actions to the Hopf algebraic setting. In this article, we prove a dual version of the globalization theorem: that every partial coaction of a Hopf algebra a…
The algebraic formulation of the quantum group covariant noncommutative geometry in the framework of the $R$-matrix approach to the theory of quantum groups is given. We consider structure groups taking values in the quantum groups and introduce the notion of the noncommutative connections and curvatures transformed as comodules under the "local" coaction of the structure group which is exterior extension of $GL_{q}(N)$. These noncommutative connections and curvatures generate $ GL_{q}(N)$-covariant quantum algebras. For such algebras we find combinations of the generators which are invariants…
We give the definitions of affine algebraic supervariety and affine algebraic group through the functor of points and we relate them to the other definitions present in the literature. We study in detail the algebraic supergroup $SL(m|n)$ and give explicitly the Hopf algebra structure of the algebra representing its functor of points. At the end we give also the quantization of $SL(m|n)$ together with its coactions on suitable quantum spaces according to Manin's philosophy.
In the present work, we study Yetter-Drinfeld algebras over a pairing of multiplier Hopf algebras. Our main motivation is the construction of a self-dual theory of (C*-)algebraic quantum transformation groupoids. Instead of the standard characterization of Yetter-Drinfeld algebras given in the case of Hopf algebras, we develop an equivalent "only coaction" characterization in the framework of multiplier Hopf algebras. Finally, as a special case, we focus on Yetter-Drinfeld structures over Van Daele's algebraic quantum groups.
We study Hom-bialgebras and objects admitting coactions by Hom-bialgebras. In particular, we construct a Hom-bialgebra M representing the functor of 2x2-matrices on Hom-associative algebras. Then we construct a Hom-algebra analogue of the affine plane and show that it is a comodule Hom-algebra over M in a suitable sense. It is also shown that the enveloping Hom-associative algebra of a Hom-Lie algebra is naturally a Hom-bialgebra.
We discuss some algebraic aspects of quantum permutation groups, working over arbitrary fields. If $K$ is any characteristic zero field, we show that there exists a universal cosemisimple Hopf algebra coacting on the diagonal algebra $K^n$: this is a refinement of Wang's universality theorem for the (compact) quantum permutation group. We also prove a structural result for Hopf algebras having a non-ergodic coaction on the diagonal algebra $K^n$, on which we determine the possible group gradings when $K$ is algebraically closed and has characteristic zero.
If P, B, H are the algebras of the total space, the base space, and the structure group of a locally trivial principal fibre bundle (QPFB), left (right) gauge transformations are defined as automorphisms of the left (right) B-module P which are adapted to the coaction of the Hopf algebra H and to the covering related to the local trivializations. Covariant derivatives on a QPFB are always transformed into covariant derivatives. This is true for connections only for special choices of the differential structure on H and/or if one restricts to algebra automorphisms. There are analogues of the cl…
The main notions of the quantum groups: coproduct, action and coaction, representation and corepresentation are discussed using simplest examples: $GL_q(2)$, $sl_q(2)$, $q$-oscillator algebra ${\cal A}(q)$, and reflection equation algebra. The Gauss decompositions of quantum groups and their realizations in terms of\, ${\cal A}(q)$ are given.
Classifying partial (co)actions of Taft and Nichols Hopf algebras on their base fields
Instituto Federal Sul-rio-grandense（南里奥格兰德联邦学院）；Universidade Federal do Rio Grande（里奥格兰德联邦大学）；IME, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul（里约格兰德州立大学数学与统计学院）
Viewing comodule algebras as the noncommutative analogues of affine varieties with affine group actions, we propose rudiments of a localization approach to nonaffine Hopf algebraic quotients of noncommutative affine varieties corresponding to comodule algebras. After reviewing basic background on noncommutative localizations, we introduce localizations compatible with coactions. Coinvariants of these localized coactions give local information about quotients. We define Zariski locally trivial quantum group algebraic principal and associated bundles. Compatible localizations induce localization…
Let $A$ and $B$ be two algebraic quantum groups (i.e. multiplier Hopf algebras with integrals). Assume that $B$ is a right $A$-module algebra and that $A$ is a left $B$-comodule coalgebra. If the action and coaction are matched, it is possible to define a coproduct $Δ_#$ on the smash product $A # B$ making the pair $(A # B,Δ_#)$ into an algebraic quantum group. In this paper, we continue the study of these objects. First, we study the various data of the bicrossproduct $A # B$, such as the modular automorphisms, the modular elements, ... and obtain formulas in terms of the data of the componen…
The physical interpretation of the main notions of the quantum group theory (coproduct, representations and corepresentations, action and coaction) is discussed using the simplest examples of $q$-deformed objects (quantum group $F_q(GL(2))$, quantum algebra $sl_q(2)$, $q$-oscillator and $F_q$-covariant algebra.) Appropriate reductions of the covariant algebra of second rank $q$-tensors give rise to the algebras of the $q$-oscillator and the $q$-sphere. A special covariant algebra related to the reflection equation corresponds to the braid group in a space with nontrivial topology.
In this article, we investigate the notion of a Galois object for a locally compact quantum group M. Such an object consists of a von Neumann algebra N equipped with an ergodic integrable coaction of M on N, such that the crossed product is a type I factor. We show how to construct from such a coaction a new locally compact quantum group P, which we call the reflection of M along N. By way of application, we prove the following statement: any twisting of a locally compact quantum group by a unitary 2-cocycle is again a locally compact quantum group.
We supplement the study of Galois theory for algebraic quantum groups started in the paper 'Galois Theory for Multiplier Hopf Algebras with Integrals' by A. Van Daele and Y.H. Zhang. We examine the structure of the Galois objects: algebras equipped with a Galois coaction such that only the scalars are coinvariants. We show how their structure is as rich as the one of the quantum groups themselves: there are two distinguished weak K.M.S. functionals, related by a modular element, and there is an analogue of the antipode squared. We also show how to reflect the quantum group across the Galois ob…
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul（南里奥格兰德联邦教育、科学和技术学院）；Universidade Federal do Rio Grande（里奥格兰德联邦大学）；Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul（南里奥格兰德联邦大学）
Motivated by partial group actions on unital algebras, in this article we extend many results obtained by Exel and Dokuchaev to the context of partial actions of Hopf algebras, according to Caenepeel and Jansen. First, we generalize the theorem about the existence of an enveloping action, also known as the globalization theorem. Second, we construct a Morita context between the partial smash product and the smash product related to the enveloping action. Third, we dualize the globalization theorem to partial coactions and finally, we define partial representations of Hopf algebras and show som…
From a planar algebra, we give a functorial construction to produce numerous associated $C^*$-algebras. Our main construction is a Hilbert $C^*$-bimodule with a canonical real subspace which produces Pimsner-Toeplitz, Cuntz-Pimsner, and generalized free semicircular $C^*$-algebras. By compressing this system, we obtain various canonical $C^*$-algebras, including Doplicher-Roberts algebras, Guionnet-Jones-Shlyakhtenko algebras, universal (Toeplitz-)Cuntz-Krieger algebras, and the newly introduced free graph algebras. This is the first article in a series studying canonical $C^*$-algebras associ…
We define a canonical relative commutant planar algebra from a strongly Markov inclusion of finite von Neumann algebras. In the case of a connected unital inclusion of finite dimensional C*-algebras with the Markov trace, we show this planar algebra is isomorphic to the bipartite graph planar algebra of the Bratteli diagram of the inclusion. Finally, we show that a finite depth subfactor planar algebra is a planar subalgebra of the bipartite graph planar algebra of its principal graph.
The concept of quantum commutativity with respect to an action or coaction of a given Hopf algebra is used for the algebraic description of a system of particles and their interaction with certain quantum field. Graded commutativity and particles in singular magnetic field are considered as a particular example of the general formalism. The corresponding statistics and generalized Pauli exclusion principle are also mentioned.
