Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence, quivers, and vortices
Luis Álvarez-Cónsul, Oscar García-Prada
备注：
28 pages; larger introduction, added references for the introduction, added a short comment in Section 1, typos corrected, accepted in Comm. Math. Phys
A twisted quiver bundle is a set of holomorphic vector bundles over a complex manifold, labelled by the vertices of a quiver, linked by a set of morphisms twisted by a fixed collection of holomorphic vector bundles, labelled by the arrows. When the manifold is Kaelher, quiver bundles admit natural gauge-theoretic equations, which unify many known equations for bundles with extra structure. In this paper we prove a Hitchin--Kobayashi correspondence for twisted quiver bundles over a compact Kaehler manifold, relating the existence of solutions to the gauge equations to a stability criterion, and consider its application to a number of situations related to Higgs bundles and dimensional reductions of the Hermitian--Einstein equations.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective complex variety with an ample line bundle $L$, and let $D$ be a simple normal crossing divisor. We establish the Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence between tame harmonic bundles on $X-D$ and $μ_L$-stable parabolic $λ$-flat bundles with trivial characteristic numbers on $(X,D)$. Especially, we obtain the quasiprojective version of the Corlette-Simpson correspondence between flat bundles and Higgs bundles.
We prove the Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence and the approximate Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence for twisted holomorphic vector bundles on compact Kähler manifolds. More precisely, if $X$ is a compact manifold and $g$ is a Gauduchon metric on $X$, a twisted holomorphic vector bundle on $X$ is $g-$polystable if and only if it is $g-$Hermite-Einstein, and if $X$ is a compact Kähler manifold and $g$ is a Kähler metric on $X$, then a twisted holomorphic vector bundle on $X$ is $g-$semistable if and only if it is approximate $g-$Hermite-Einstein.
In the previous paper \cite{Goto_2017}, the notion of an Einstein-Hermitian metric of a generalized holomorphic vector bundle over a generalized Kahler manifold of symplectic type was introduced from the moment map framework. In this paper we establish a Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence, that is, the equivalence of the existence of an Einstein-Hermitian metric and $ψ$-polystability of a generalized holomorphic vector bundle over a compact generalized Kahler manifold of symplectic type. Poisson modules provide intriguing generalized holomorphic vector bundles and we obtain $ψ$-stable Poisson mo…
We prove an analogue of the Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence for compact, oriented, taut Riemannian foliated manifolds with transverse Hermitian structure. In particular, our Hitchin-Kobayashi theorem holds on any compact Sasakian manifold. We define the notion of stability for foliated Hermitian vector bundles with transverse holomorphic structure and prove that such bundles admit a basic Hermitian-Einstein connection if and only if they are polystable. Our proof is obtained by adapting the proof by Uhlenbeck and Yau to the foliated setting. We relate the transverse Hermitian-Einstein equatio…
Recently, Donaldson proved asymptotic stability for a polarized algebraic manifold $M$ with polarization class admitting a Kähler metric of constant scalar curvature, essentially when the linear algebraic part $H$ of $Aut^0(M)$ is semisimple. The purpose of this paper is to give a generalization of Donaldson's result to the case where the polarization class admits an extremal Kähler metric, even when $H$ is not semisimple.
We prove the existence of a Hermitian-Einstein metric on holomorphic vector bundles with a Hermitian metric satisfying the analytic stability condition, under some assumption for the underlying Kähler manifolds. We also study the curvature decay of the Hermitian-Einstein metrics. It is useful for the study of the classification of instantons and monopoles on the quotient of $4$-dimensional Euclidean space by some types of closed subgroups. We also explain examples of doubly periodic monopoles corresponding to some algebraic data.
In this paper, we introduce the notions of $α$-Hermitian-Einstein metric and $α$-stability for $I_\pm$-holomorphic vector bundles on bi-Hermitian manifolds. Moreover, we establish a Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence for $I_\pm$-holomorphic vector bundles on bi-Hermitian manifolds. Examples of such vector bundles include generalized holomorphic bundles on generalized Kähler manifolds. We also show that $α$-stability of a vector bundle, in this sense, can depend on the parameter $α$.
A principal pair consists of a holomorphic principal $G$-bundle together with a holomorphic section of an associated Kaehler fibration. Such objects support natural gauge theoretic equations coming from a moment map condition, and also admit a notion of stability based on Geometric Invariant Theory. The Hitchin--Kobayashi correspondence for principal pairs identifies stability as the condition for the existence of solutions to the equations. In this paper we generalize these features in a way which allows the full gauge group of the principal bundle to be replaced by certain proper subgroups. …
A simple trick invoking objective B-fields is employed to refine the concept of characteristic classes for twisted bundles. Then the objective stability and objective Einstein metrics are introduced and a new Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence is established between them. As an application the SO(3)-instanton moduli space is proved to be always orientable.
We develop a complete Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence for twisted pairs on a compact Riemann surface X. The main novelty lies in a careful study of the the notion of polystability for pairs, required for having a bijective correspondence between solutions to the Hermite-Einstein equations, on one hand, and polystable pairs, on the other. Our results allow us to establish rigorously the homemomorphism between the moduli space of polystable G-Higgs bundles on X and the character variety for representations of the fundamental group of X in G. We also study in detail several interesting examples …
In this paper, we establish the Hitchin--Kobayashi correspondence for the $I_\pm$-holomorphic quiver bundle $\mathcal{E}=(E,ϕ)$ over a compact generalized Kähler manifold $(X, I_+,I_-,g, b)$ such that $g$ is Gauduchon with respect to both $I_+$ and $I_-$, namely $\mathcal{E}$ is $(α,σ,τ)$-polystable if and only if $\mathcal{E}$ admits an $(α,σ,τ)$-Hermitian--Einstein metric.
We prove an analogue of the Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence oncompact connected 3-folds that is fibered on orbifold Riemann surfaces and satisfy an integrability condition, which contains compact connected Sasakian 3-folds. We define mini-holomorphic bundles on such 3-folds and the algebraic Dirac-type singularities on mini-holomorphic bundles, and prove that there exists a special Hermitian metric (admissible BHE-metric) on a Dirac-type singular mini-holomorphic bundle if the bundle satisfies a slope stability.
We establish the correspondence between tame harmonic bundles and $μ_L$-stable parabolic Higgs bundles with trivial characteristic numbers. We also show the Bogomolov-Gieseker type inequality for $μ_L$-stable parabolic Higgs bundles. Then we show that any local system on a smooth quasi projective variety can be deformed to a variation of polarized Hodge structure. As a consequence, we can conclude that some kind of discrete groups cannot be a split quotient of the fundamental group of a smooth quasi projective variety.
Using a quasi-linear version of Hodge theory, holomorphic vector bundles in a neighbourhood of a given polystable bundle on a compact Kaehler manifold are shown to be (poly)stable if and only if their corresponding classes are (poly)stable in the sense of geometric invariant theory with respect to the linear action of the automorphism group of the bundle on its space of infinitesimal deformations.
T. Mochizuki constructs a theory of variations of wild Hodge structure for which the underlying flat connection can have irregular singularities at infinity. He extends in this way the correspondence of Corlette and Simpson between irreducible flat bundles and stables Higgs bundles, taking into account objects with irregular singularities. As an application, he proves a conjecture of Kashiwara concerning a generalization of the Hard Lefschetz theorem when the coefficients are the de Rham complex of a simple holonomic D-module on smooth complex projective variety.
We prove a very general Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence on arbitrary compact Hermitian manifolds. This correspondence refers to moduli spaces of "universal holomorphic oriented pairs". Most of the classical moduli problems in complex geometry (e. g. holomorphic bundles with reductive structure groups, holomorphic pairs, holomorphic Higgs pairs, Witten triples, arbitrary quiver moduli problems) are special cases of this universal classification problem. Our Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence relates the complex geometric concept "polystable oriented holomorphic pair" to the existence of a reduct…
We establish a Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence for the stable Higgs sheaves on a compact Kaehler manifold. Using it, we also obtain a Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence for the stable Higgs G-sheaves, where G is any complex reductive linear algebraic group.
Let $X$ be a compact Kaehler manifold and $E\to X$ a principal $K$ bundle, where $K$ is a compact connected Lie group. Let ${\cal A}^{1,1}$ be the set of connections on $E$ whose curvature lies in $Ω^{1,1}(E\times_{Ad} {\frak k})$, where ${\frak k}$ is the Lie algebra of $K$. Endow $\frak k$ with a nondegenerate biinvariant bilinear pairing. This allows to identify $\{\frak k}\simeq{\frak k}^*$. Let $F$ be a Kaehler left $K$-manifold and suppose that there exists a moment map $μ$ for the action of $K$ on $F$. Let ${\cal S}=Γ(E\times_K F)$. In this paper we study the equation $$ΛF_A+μ(Φ)=c$$ fo…
In this paper we develop a Kobayashi-Hitchin type correspondence between solutions of the extended Bogomolny equations on $Σ\times \RP$ with Nahm pole singularity at $Σ\times \{0\}$ and the Hitchin component of the stable $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ Higgs bundle; this verifies a conjecture of Gaiotto and Witten. We also develop a partial Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence for solutions with a knot singularity in this program, corresponding to the non-Hitchin components in the moduli space of stable $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ Higgs bundles. We also prove existence and uniqueness of solutions with knot singulariti…
The so-called Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence, proved by Donaldson, Uhlenbeck and Yau, establishes that an indecomposable holomorphic vector bundle over a compact Kahler manifold admits a Hermitian-Einstein metric if and only if the bundle satisfies the Mumford-Takemoto stability condition. In this paper we consider a variant of this correspondence for G-equivariant vector bundles on the product of a compact Kahler manifold X by a flag manifold G/P, where G is a complex semisimple Lie group and P is a parabolic subgroup. The modification that we consider is determined by a filtration of the v…
We define a functional ${\cal J}(h)$ for the space of Hermitian metrics on an arbitrary Higgs bundle over a compact Kähler manifold, as a natural generalization of the mean curvature energy functional of Kobayashi for holomorphic vector bundles \cite{Kobayashi}, and study some of its basic properties. We show that ${\cal J}(h)$ is bounded from below by a nonnegative constant depending on invariants of the Higgs bundle and the Kähler manifold, and that when achieved, its absolute minima are Hermite-Yang-Mills metrics. We derive a formula relating ${\cal J}(h)$ and another functional ${\cal I}(h…
We prove a Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence for extensions of Higgs bundles. The results generalize known results for extensions of holomorphic bundles. Using Simpson's methods, we construct moduli spaces of stable objects. In an appendix we construct Bott-Chern forms for Higgs bundles
We prove the Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence between good wild harmonic bundles and polystable good filtered $λ$-flat bundles satisfying a vanishing condition. We also study the correspondence for good wild harmonic bundles with the homogeneity with respect to a group action, which is expected to provide another way to construct Frobenius manifolds.
The Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence for vector bundles, established by Donaldson, Kobayashi, Luebke, Uhlenbeck and Yau, states that an indecomposable holomorphic vector bundle over a compact Kaehler manifold is stable in the sense of Takemoto-Mumford if and only if the vector bundle admits a Hermitian-Einstein metric. Its manifold analogue known as Yau's conjecture, which originated from Calabi's conjecture, asks whether ``stability'' and ``existence of extremal metrics'' for polarized manifolds are equivalent. In this note, the recent progress of this subject, by Donaldson, Tian and our grou…
A twisted Higgs bundle on a Kähler manifold $X$ is a pair $(E,ϕ)$ consisting of a holomorphic vector bundle $E$ and a holomorphic bundle morphism $ϕ\colon M\otimes E \to E$ for some holomorphic vector bundle $M$. Such objects were first considered by Hitchin when $X$ is a curve and $M$ is the tangent bundle of $X$, and also by Simpson for higher dimensional base. The Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence for such pairs states that $(E,ϕ)$ is polystable if and only if $E$ admits a hermitian metric solving the Hitchin equation. This correspondence is a powerful tool to decide whether there exists a s…
We use the Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence for parabolic bundles to reprove the results of Troyanov and Luo-Tian regarding existence and uniqueness of conformal spherical metrics on the Riemann sphere with prescribed cone angles in the interval $(0, 2π)$ at a given configuration of three or more points.
For the moduli space of Higgs bundles on a Riemann surface of positive genus, critical points of the natural Morse-Bott function lie along the nilpotent cone of the Hitchin fibration and are representations of $\mbox{A}$-type quivers in a twisted category of holomorphic bundles. The critical points that globally minimize the function are representations of $\mbox{A}_1$. For twisted Higgs bundles on the projective line, the quiver describing the bottom of the cone is more complicated. We determine it here. We show that the moduli space is topologically connected whenever the rank and degree are…
We introduce a vector bundle version of the complex Monge-Ampere equation motivated by a desire to study stability conditions involving higher Chern forms. We then restrict ourselves to complex surfaces, provide a moment map interpretation of it, and define a positivity condition (MA positivity) which is necessary for the infinite-dimensional symplectic form to be Kahler. On rank-2 bundles on compact complex surfaces, we prove two consequences of the existence of a "positively curved" solution to this equation - Stability (involving the second Chern character) and a Kobayashi-Lubke-Bogomolov-M…
In this paper, we study the dimensionally reduced twisted Kapustin-Witten equations on the product of a compact Riemann surface $Σ$ with $\mathbb{R}^+$. The main result is a Kobayashi-Hitchin type correspondence between the space of tilted Nahm pole solutions and the moduli space of Beilinson-Drinfeld opers. This corroborates a prediction of Gaiotto and Witten \cite[p.971]{gaiotto2012knot}.
We consider a version of Hermitian-Einstein equation but perturbed by a Higgs field with a solution called a Donaldson-Thomas instanton on compact Kähler threefolds. The equation could be thought of as a generalization of the Hitchin equation on Riemann surfaces to Kähler threefolds. In the appendix of arXiv:0805.2192, following an analogy with the Hitchin equation, we introduced a stability condition for a pair consisting of a locally-free sheaf over a compact Kähler threefold and a section of the associated sheaf of the endomorphisms tensored by the canonical bundle of the threefold. In this…
We investigate the $\mathrm{Pin}^-(2)$-monopole invariants of symplectic $4$-manifolds and Kähler surfaces with real structures. We prove the nonvanishing theorem for real symplectic $4$-manifolds which is an analogue of Taubes' nonvanishing theorem of the Seiberg-Witten invariants for symplectic $4$-manifolds. Furthermore, the Kobayashi-Hitchin type correspondence for real Kähler surfaces is given.
We obtain a Hitchin-Kobayashi-type correspondence for symplectic vortex equations, with the target a Kahler cone over a compact Sasakian manifold. We show that the correspondence reduces to studying the existence and uniqueness of Kazdan-Warner equations. Using this, we construct a map between the moduli space of solutions to the symplectic vortex equations and effective divisors.
Ordinarily, quiver varieties are constructed as moduli spaces of quiver representations in the category of vector spaces. It is also natural to consider quiver representations in a richer category, namely that of vector bundles on some complex variety equipped with a fixed sheaf that twists the morphisms. Representations of A-type quivers in this twisted category --- known in the literature as "holomorphic chains" --- have practical use in questions concerning the topology of the moduli space of Higgs bundles. In that problem, the variety is a Riemann surface of genus at least 2, and the twist…
We establish a Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence between solutions of the extended Bogomolny equation with a Dirac type singularity and Hecke modifications of Higgs bundles. This correspondence was conjectured by Witten and plays an important role in the physical description of the the geometric Langlands program in terms of S-duality for N=4 super Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions.
In this paper we study gauge theory on SL(2,C)-equivariant bundles over XxP^1, where X is a compact Kahler manifold, P^1 is the complex projective line, and the action of SL(2,C) is trivial on X and standard on P^1. We first classify these bundles, showing that they are in correspondence with objects on X - that we call holomorphic chains - consisting of a finite number of holomorphic bundles E_i and morphisms E_i->E_{i-1}. We then prove a Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence relating the existence of solutions to certain natural gauge-theoretic equations and an appropriate notion of stability for…
Generalizing work of Haydys and Hitchin, we prove the existence of a hyperholomorphic line bundle on certain hyperkähler manifolds that do not necessarily admit an $S^1$ action. As examples, we consider the moduli space of (non-strongly) parabolic Higgs bundles, the moduli space of solutions to Nahm's equations, and Nakajima quiver varieties.
Consider a vector bundle over a Kähler manifold which admits a Hermitian Yang-Mills connection. We show that the pullback bundle on the blowup of the Kähler manifold at a collection of points also admits a Hermitian Yang-Mills connection, for Kähler classes on the blowup which make the exceptional divisors small. Our proof uses gluing techniques, and is hence asymptotically explict. This recovers, through the Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence, algebro-geometric results due to Buchdahl and Sibley.
We develop a Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence for the extended Bogomolny equations, i.e., the dimensionally reduced Kapustin-Witten equations, on the product of a compact Riemann surface $Σ$ with ${\mathbb R}^+_y$, with generalized Nahm pole boundary conditions at $y=0$. The correspondence is between solutions of these equations satisfying these singular boundary conditions and also limiting to flat connections as $y \to \infty$, and certain holomorphic data consisting of effective triplets $(\mathcal E, φ, L)$ where $(\mathcal E, φ)$ is a stable $\mathrm{SL}(n+1,\mathbb C)$ Higgs pair and $L …
We study a certain type of wild harmonic bundles in relation with a Toda equation. We explain how to obtain a classification of the real valued solutions of the Toda equation in terms of their parabolic weights, from the viewpoint of the Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence. Then, we study the associated integrable variation of twistor structure. In particular, we give a criterion for the existence of an integral structure. It follows from two results. One is the explicit computation of the Stokes factors of a certain meromorphic flat bundle. The other is an explicit description of the associated …
This article describes a Hitchin-Kobayashi style correspondence for the Vafa-Witten equations on smooth projective surfaces. This is an equivalence between a suitable notion of stability for a pair $(\mathcal{E}, φ)$, where $\mathcal{E}$ is a locally-free sheaf over a surface $X$ and $φ$ is a section of $\text{End} (\mathcal{E}) \otimes K_{X}$; and the existence of a solution to certain gauge-theoretic equations, the Vafa-Witten equations, for a Hermitian metric on $\mathcal{E}$. It turns out to be a special case of results obtained by Alvarez-Consul and Garcia-Prada. In this article, we give …
In this paper, we prove \emph{a priori} estimates for some vortex-type equations on compact Riemann surfaces. As applications, we recover existing estimates for the vortex bundle Monge-Ampère equation, prove an existence and uniqueness theorem for the Calabi-Yang-Mills equations on vortex bundles, and get estimates for $J-$vortex equation. We prove an existence and uniqueness result relating Gieseker stability and the existence of almost Hermitian Einstein metrics, i.e., a Kobayashi-Hitchin type correspondence. We also prove Kählerness of the negative of the symplectic form which arises in the…
The construction of Atiyah, Drinfeld, Hitchin, and Manin [ADHM78] provided complete description of all instantons on Euclidean four-space. It was extended by Kronheimer and Nakajima to instantons on ALE spaces, resolutions of orbifolds $\mathbb{R}^4/Γ$ by a finite subgroup $Γ\subset SU(2).$ We consider a similar classification, in the holomorphic context, of instantons on some of the next spaces in the hierarchy, the ALF multi-Taub-NUT manifolds, showing how they tie in to the bow solutions to Nahm's equations [Che09] via the Nahm correspondence. Recently in [Nak18a] and [NT17], based on [Nak0…
The notion of flat $λ$-connections as the interpolation of usual flat connections and Higgs fields was suggested by Deligne and further studied by Simpson. Mochizuki established the Kobayashi--Hitchin-type theorem for $λ$-flat bundles ($λ\neq 0$), which is called the Mochizuki correspondence. In this paper, on the one hand, we generalize Mochizuki's result to the case when the base being a compact balanced manifold, more precisely, we prove the existence of harmonic metrics on stable $λ$-flat bundles ($λ\neq 0$). On the other hand, we study two applications of the Simpson--Mochizuki correspond…
We introduce real structures on $L$-twisted Higgs pairs over a compact Riemann surface equipped with an anti-holomorphic involution, and prove a Hitchin--Kobayashi correspondence for them. Real $G$-Higgs bundles, where $G$ is a real form of a connected semisimple complex affine algebraic group $G^{\mathbb{C}}$, constitute a particular class of examples of these pairs. The real structure in this case involves a conjugation of $G^{\mathbb{C}}$ commuting with the one defining the real form $G$. We establish a homeomorphism between the moduli space of real $G$-Higgs bundles and the moduli space of…
We consider the self-dual vortex equations on a positive line bundle L --> M over a compact Kaehler manifold of arbitrary dimension. When M is simply connected, the moduli space of vortex solutions is a projective space. When M is an abelian variety, the moduli space is the projectivization of the Fourier-Mukai transform of L. We extend this description of the moduli space to the abelian GLSM, i.e. to vortex equations with a torus gauge group acting linearly on a complex vector space. After establishing the Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence appropriate for the general abelian GLSM, we give expl…
The symplectic vortex equations admit a variational description as global minimum of the Yang-Mills-Higgs functional. We study its negative gradient flow on holomorphic pairs $(A,u)$ where $A$ is a connection on a principal $G$-bundle $P$ over a closed Riemann surface $Σ$ and $u: P \rightarrow X$ is an equivariant map into a Kähler Hamiltonian $G$-manifold. The connection $A$ induces a holomorphic structure on the Kähler fibration $P\times_G X$ and we require that $u$ descends to a holomorphic section of this fibration. We prove a Lojasiewicz type gradient inequality and show uniform convergen…
