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arXiv 2603.09856hep-thcond-mat.quant-gas
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非相对论共形场论在谐振陷阱中的平衡配分函数

Equilibrium Partition Function of Non-Relativistic CFTs in Harmonic Trap

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research(塔塔基础研究所)

Eunwoo Lee

AI总结:

研究非相对论共形场论在谐振陷阱中的平衡配分函数,揭示其在不同极限下的极点结构及物理意义。

摘要:

我们研究了非相对论共形场论在谐振量子化中的平衡配分函数。我们首先分析了流体动力学极限,并表明在主导阶次中,配分函数表现出由方程状态决定的通用结构:配分函数的对数在$ω^2-Ω_a^2$中发展出简单的极点,其中$ω$是谐振陷阱频率,$Ω_a$是作为角动量化学势的角速度。对应的残差由$μ/T$的单变量函数确定,其中$μ$是粒子数化学势,$T$是温度。我们然后研究了大角动量极限$Ω_a→ω$。在此极限下,离心力几乎抵消了陷阱势能,配分函数的对数再次在$ω^2-Ω_a^2$中表现出简单的极点,但残差取决于分别的$μ/T$和$ω/T$。作为明确例子,我们分析了在冷原子实验中可实现的超流系统,特别是处于单位性中的费米子在谐振陷阱中被限制的情况。

英文摘要:

We investigate the equilibrium partition function of non-relativistic conformal field theories in harmonic quantization. We first analyze the hydrodynamic regime and show that, at leading order, the partition function exhibits a universal structure determined by the equation of state: the logarithm of the partition function develops simple poles in $ω^2-Ω_a^2$, where $ω$ is the harmonic trapping frequency and $Ω_a$ are angular velocities acting as chemical potentials for angular momentum. The corresponding residue is determined by a single-variable function of $μ/T$, with $μ$ the particle-number chemical potential and $T$ the temperature. We then study the large-angular-momentum limit $Ω_a\toω$. In this regime centrifugal effects nearly cancel the trapping potential, and the logarithm of the partition function again exhibits simple poles in $ω^2-Ω_a^2$, but with a less universal residue depending separately on $μ/T$ and $ω/T$. As explicit examples we analyze superfluid systems realizable in cold-atom experiments, in particular fermions at unitarity confined in a harmonic trap.

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