In 2013 P. Habegger proved the Bogomolov property for the field generated over Q by the torsion points of a rational elliptic curve. We explore the possibility of applying the same strategy of proof to the case of field extensions fixed by the kernel of some modular Galois representations.
An algebraic extension K of the rationals has the Bogomolov property if the absolute logarithmic height of non-torsion points of K* is bounded away from 0. We define a relative extension L/K to be Bogomolov if this holds for points of L\K. We construct various examples of extensions which are and are not Bogomolov. We prove a ramification criterion for this property, and use it to show that such extensions can always be constructed if some rational prime has bounded ramification index in K, when K is Galois over Q.
A field F is said to have the Bogomolov Property related to a height function h, if h(a) is either zero or bounded from below by a positive constant for all a in F. In this paper we prove that the maximal algebraic extension of a number field K, which is unramified at a place v|p, has the Bogomolov Property related to all canonical heights coming from a Lattès map related to a Tate elliptic curve. To prove this algebraical statement we use analytic methods on the related Berkovich spaces.
We construct fields of algebraic numbers that have the Lehmer property but not the Bogomolov property. This answers a recent implicit question of Pengo and the first author.
We address the distribution properties of points of small height on proper toric varieties and applications to the related Bogomolov property. We introduce the notion of monocritical toric metrized divisor and we prove that equidistribution occurs for every generic, small sequence with respect to a toric metrized divisor, for every place if and only if the divisor is monocritical. Furthermore, when this is the case, the limit measure is a translate of the natural measure on the compact torus sitting in the principal orbit of the ambient toric variety. We also study the $v$-adic modulus distrib…
We finish the proof of the conjecture of F. Bogomolov and F. Pop: Let $F_{1}$ and $F_{2}$ be fields finitely-generated and of transcendence degree $\geq 2$ over $k_{1}$ and $k_{2}$, respectively, where $k_{1}$ is either $\bar{\mathbb{Q}}$ or $\bar{\mathbb{F}}_{p}$, and $k_{2}$ is algebraically closed. We denote by $G_{F_1}$ and $G_{F_2}$ their respective absolute Galois groups. Then the canonical map $φ_{F_{1}, F_{2}}: \Isom^i(F_1, F_2)\rightarrow \Isom^{\Out}_{\cont}(G_{F_2}, G_{F_1})$ from the isomorphisms, up to Frobenius twists, of the inseparable closures of $F_1$ and $F_2$ to continuous …
For a prime number $\ell$ we say that an oriented pro-$\ell$ group $(G,θ)$ has the Bogomolov-Positselski property if the kernel of the canonical projection on its maximal $θ$-abelian quotient $π^{ab}_{G,θ}\colon G\to G(θ)$ is a free pro-$\ell$ group contained in the Frattini subgroup of $G$. We show that oriented pro-$\ell$ groups of elementary type have the Bogomolov-Positselski property. This shows that Efrat's Elementary Type Conjecture implies a positive answer to Positselski's version of Bogomolov's Conjecture on maximal pro-$\ell$ Galois groups of a field $K$ in case that $K^\times/(K^\t…
This is an enhanced version of the author's 1998 Harvard Ph.D. thesis, as published by IMRN in 2005. We propose an extension of Bogomolov's conjecture about commutator subgroups of Galois groups to arbitrary fields. A somewhat weaker conjecture is then shown to follow, together with the famous Milnor-Bloch-Kato conjecture, from a certain hypothesis about homological properties of the Milnor K-theory algebras.
We prove that if $f$ is a polynomial over a number field $K$ with a finite superattracting periodic point and a non-archimedean place of bad reduction, then there is an $ε>0$ such that only finitely many $P\in K^{\text{ab}}$ have canonical height less than $ε$ with respect to $f$. The key ingredient is the geometry of the filled Julia set at a place of bad reduction. We also prove a conditional uniform boundedness result for the $K$-rational preperiodic points of such polynomials, as well as a uniform lower bound on the canonical height of non-preperiodic points in $K$. We further prove uncond…
We give three examples of fields concerning the Northcott property on elements of small height: The first one has the Northcott property but its Galois closure does not satisfy the Bogomolov property. The second one has the Northcott property and is pseudo-algebraically closed, i.e. every variety has a dense set of rational points. The third one has bounded local degree at infinitely many rational primes but does not have the Northcott property.
For a prime number $p$, we give a new restriction on pro-$p$ groups $G$ which are realizable as the maximal pro-$p$ Galois group $G_F(p)$ for a field $F$ containing a root of unity of order $p$. This restriction arises from Kummer Theory and the structure of the maximal $p$-radical extension of $F$. We study it in the abstract context of pro-$p$ groups $G$ with a continuous homomorphism $θ\colon G\to1+p\mathbb{Z}_p$, and characterize it cohomologically, and in terms of 1-cocycles on $G$. This is used to produce new examples of pro-$p$ groups which do not occur as maximal pro-$p$ Galois groups …
In this paper, we study the Selmer groups of two congruent Galois representations over an admissible $p$-adic Lie extension. We will show that under appropriate congruence condition, if the dual Selmer group of one satisfies the $\M_H(G)$-property, so will the other. In the event that the $\M_H(G)$-property holds, and assuming certain further hypothesis on the decomposition of primes in the $p$-adic Lie extension, we compare the ranks of the $π$-free quotient of the two dual Selmer groups. We then apply our results to compare the characteristic elements attached to the Selmer groups. We also s…
We prove that if $K/\mathbb{Q}$ is a Galois extension of finite exponent and $K^{(d)}$ is the compositum of all extensions of $K$ of degree at most $d$, then $K^{(d)}$ has the Bogomolov property and the maximal abelian subextension of $K^{(d)}/\mathbb{Q}$ has the Northcott property. Moreover, we prove that given any sequence of finite solvable groups $\{G_m\}_m$ there exists a sequence of Galois extensions $\{K_m\}_m$ with $\text{Gal}(K_m/\mathbb{Q})=G_m$ such that the compositum of the fields $K_m$ has the Northcott property. In particular we provide examples of fields with the Northcott prop…
We investigate the Galois cohomology of finitely generated maximal pro-$p$ quotients of absolute Galois groups. Assuming the well-known conjectural description of these groups, we show that Galois cohomology has the PBW property. Hence in particular it is a Koszul algebra. This answers positively a conjecture by Positselski in this case. We also provide an analogous unconditional result about Pythagorean fields. Moreover, we establish some results that relate the quadratic dual of Galois cohomology with $p$-Zassenhaus filtration on the group. This paper also contains a survey of Koszul propert…
In this article, we study deformations of conjugate self-dual Galois representations. The study has two folds. First, we prove an R=T type theorem for a conjugate self-dual Galois representation with coefficients in a finite field, satisfying a certain property called rigid. Second, we study the rigidity property for the family of residue Galois representations attached to a symmetric power of an elliptic curve, as well as to a regular algebraic conjugate self-dual cuspidal representation.
Hopf Galois theory for finite separable field extensions was introduced by Greither and Pareigis. They showed that all Hopf Galois extensions of degree up to 5 are either Galois or almost classically Galois and they determined the Hopf Galois character of a separable extension according to the Galois group (or the degree) of its Galois closure. In this paper we study degree 6 separable extensions as well as intermediate extensions for degrees 4,5 and 6. We present an example of a non almost classically Galois Hopf Galois extension of the field of rational numbers of the smallest possible degre…
We construct infinite Galois extensions $K$ of $\mathbb{Q}$ that satisfy the Northcott property on elements of small height, and where this property can be deduced solely from the splitting behavior of prime numbers in $K$. We also give examples of Galois extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$ which have finite local degree at all prime numbers and do not satisfy the Northcott property.
Let p be a prime. We study pro-p groups of p-absolute Galois type, as defined by Lam-Liu-Sharifi-Wake-Wang. We prove that the pro-p completion of the right-angled Artin group associated to a chordal simplicial graph is of p-absolute Galois type, and moreover it satisfies a strong version of the Massey vanishing property. Also, we prove that Demushkin groups are of p-absolute Galois type, and that the free pro-p product -- and, under certain conditions, the direct product -- of two pro-p groups of p-absolute Galois type satisfying the Massey vanishing property is again a pro-p group of p-absolu…
We specialize various three-point covers to find number fields with Galois group $M_{12}$, $M_{12}.2$, $2.M_{12}$, or $2.M_{12}.2$ and light ramification in various senses. One of our $2.M_{12}.2$ fields has the unusual property that it is ramified only at the single prime $11$.
Given a finite group $G$ and a number field $K$, we investigate the following question: Does there exist a Galois extension $E/K(t)$ with group $G$ whose set of specializations yields solutions to all Grunwald problems for the group $G$, outside a finite set of primes? Following previous work, such a Galois extension would be said to have the "Hilbert-Grunwald property". In this paper we reach a complete classification of groups $G$ which admit an extension with the Hilbert-Grunwald property over fields such as $K=\mathbb{Q}$. We thereby also complete the determination of the ``local dimension…
In this article, we use deformation theory of Galois representations valued in the symplectic group of degree four to prove a freeness result for the cohomology of certain quaternionic unitary Shimura variety over the universal deformation ring for certain type of residual representation satisfying a property called rigidity. This result plays an important role in the proof of the arithmetic level raising theorem for the symplectic similitude group of degree four over the field of rational numbers by the author.
In this paper, we consider infinite Galois extensions of number fields and study the relation between their local degrees and the structure of their Galois groups. It is known that, if $K$ is a number field and $L/K$ is an infinite Galois extension of group $G$, then the local degrees of $L$ are uniformly bounded at all rational primes if and only if $G$ has finite exponent. In this note we show that the non uniform boundedness of the local degrees is not equivalent to any group theoretical property. More precisely, we exhibit several groups that admit two different realisations over a given n…
Frobenius Traces for Rank-2 Drinfeld Modules, Higher-Dimensional Galois Representations, and a Strong Multiplicity One Theorem in Positive Characteristic
We prove that the ramification filtration of the absolute Galois group of a comlete discrete valuation field with perfect residue field is characterized in terms of Fontaine's property (Pm).
Any polynomial $f(x)\in\mathbb{Z}_q[x]$ defines a Witt vector $[f]\in W(\mathbb{F}_q[x])$. Consider the Artin-Schreier-Witt tower $y^F-y=[f]$. This is a tower of curves over $\mathbb{F}_q$, with total Galois group $\mathbb{Z}_p$. We want to study the Newton slopes of zeta functions of this tower. We reduce it to the Newton polygons of L-functions associated with characters on the Galois groups. We prove that, when the conductors are large enough, these Newton slopes are unions of arithmetic progressions which are changing proportionally as the conductor increases. This is a generalization of t…
Given a hilbertian field $k$ of characteristic zero and a finite Galois extension $E/k(T)$ with group $G$ such that $E/k$ is regular, we produce some specializations of $E/k(T)$ at points $t_0 \in \mathbb{P}^1(k)$ which have the same Galois group but also specified inertia groups at finitely many given primes. This result has two main applications. Firstly we conjoin it with previous works to obtain Galois extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$ of various finite groups with specified local behavior - ramified or unramified - at finitely many given primes. Secondly, in the case $k$ is a number field, we pr…
Given a property of representations satisfying a basic stability condition, Ramakrishna developed a variant of Mazur's Galois deformation theory for representations with that property. We introduce an axiomatic definition of pseudorepresentations with such a property. Among other things, we show that pseudorepresentations with a property enjoy a good deformation theory, generalizing Ramakrishna's theory to pseudorepresentations.
The main result of this paper is a characterization of the abelian varieties $B/K$ defined over Galois number fields with the property that the zeta function $L(B/K;s)$ is equivalent to the product of zeta functions of non-CM newforms for congruence subgroups $Γ_1(N)$. The characterization involves the structure of End(B), isogenies between the Galois conjugates of $B$, and a Galois cohomology class attached to $B/K$. We call the varieties having this property strongly modular. The last section is devoted to the study of a family of abelian surfaces with quaternionic multiplication. As an illu…
Following a paper by Athanasios Angelakis and Peter Stevenhagen on the determination of imaginary quadratic fields having the same absolute Abelian Galois group A, we study this property for arbitrary number fields. We show that such a property is probably not easily generalizable, apart from imaginary quadratic fields, because of some p-adic obstructions coming from the global units. By restriction to the p-Sylow subgroups of A, we show that the corresponding study is related to a generalization of the classical notion of p-rational fields. However, we obtain some non-trivial information abou…
Barrucand and Cohn's theory of principal factorizations in pure cubic fields \(\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt[3]{D})\) and their Galois closures \(\mathbb{Q}(ζ_3,\sqrt[3]{D})\) with \(3\) types is generalized to pure quintic fields \(L=\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt[5]{D})\) and pure metacyclic fields \(N=\mathbb{Q}(ζ_5,\sqrt[5]{D})\) with \(13\) possible types. The classification is based on the Galois cohomology of the unit group \(U_N\), viewed as a module over the automorphism group \(\mathrm{Gal}(N/K)\) of \(N\) over the cyclotomic field \(K=\mathbb{Q}(ζ_5)\), by making use of theorems by Hasse and Iwasawa on the He…
Let $ϕ$ be a quadratic, monic polynomial with coefficients in $\mathcal O_{F,D}[t]$, where $\mathcal O_{F,D}$ is a localization of a number ring $\mathcal O_F$. In this paper, we first prove that if $ϕ$ is non-square and non-isotrivial, then there exists an absolute, effective constant $N_ϕ$ with the following property: for all primes $\mathfrak p\subseteq\mathcal O_{F,D}$ such that the reduced polynomial $ϕ_\mathfrak p\in (\mathcal O_{F,D}/\mathfrak p)[t][x]$ is non-square and non-isotrivial, the squarefree Zsigmondy set of $ϕ_{\mathfrak p}$ is bounded by $N_ϕ$. Using this result, we prove th…
Due to Narkiewicz a field $F$ has property (P) if for no polynomial $f\in F[x]$ of degree at least two there is an infinite $f$-invariant subset of $F$. We present a new example of an algebraic extension of $\mathbb{Q}$ satisfying (P). This is the first example in which we can find points of arbitrarily small positive Weil-height. Moreover, we study the possibility of property (P) for the field generated by all symmetric Galois extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$. In particular we prove that there are no infinite backward orbits of non linear polynomials in this field.
For a non-CM elliptic curve $E$ over the rationals, the Galois action on its torsion points can be expressed in terms of a Galois representation $ρ_E : G \to GL_2(\hat{\mathbb{Z}})$, where $G$ is the absolute Galois group of the rationals. A well-known theorem of Serre says that the image of $ρ_E$ is open and hence has finite index in $GL_2(\hat{\mathbb{Z}})$. We will study what indices are possible assuming that we are willing to exclude a finite number of possible $j$-invariants from consideration. For example, we will show that there is a finite set $J$ of rational numbers such that if $E/\…
We use new over-convergent p-adic exponential power series, inspired by work of Pulita, to build self-dual normal basis generators for the square root of the inverse different of certain abelian weakly ramified extensions of an unramified extension K of Qp. These extensions, whose set we denote by M, are the degree p subextensions over K of Mp,2, the maximal abelian totally, wildly and weakly ramified extension of K, whose norm group contains p. Our construction follows Pickett's, who dealt with the same set M of extensions of K, but does not depend on the choice of a basis of the residue fiel…
