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arXiv 2403.01965cs.CCcs.DS
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迈向常数深度电路的常数深度因子的确定性算法

Towards Deterministic Algorithms for Constant-Depth Factors of Constant-Depth Circuits

Mrinal Kumar, Varun Ramanathan, Ramprasad Saptharishi, Ben Lee Volk

AI总结:

本文提出确定性次指数时间算法,利用伪结式及相关去随机化结果,枚举常数深度电路可计算的多元多项式不可约因子。

摘要:

我们设计了一种确定性次指数时间算法,该算法以由有理数上的常数深度电路计算的多元多项式 $f$ 为输入,并输出一个电路列表 $L$(电路深度不受限制,且可能含有除法门),其中包含 $f$ 的所有可由常数深度电路计算的不可约因子。该列表 $L$ 也可能包含虚假电路:它们要么不对应于 $f$ 的因子,要么甚至没有良好定义,例如除法门的输入是一个计算恒零多项式的子电路。我们算法的关键技术组成部分是 $f$ 与因子 $g$ 的伪结式这一概念,它充当 $g$ 与 $f/g$ 的结式的替代物,其优势在于伪结式的电路复杂度与 $f$ 和 $g$ 的电路复杂度相当。这一概念本身可能具有独立意义,它与 Limaye、Srinivasan 和 Tavenas 近期的成果一起,帮助我们对多元多项式因式分解算法中的一个关键步骤进行去随机化——即在输入多项式以及所关注的不可约因子都具有小型常数深度电路的情况下,确定性地为 Newton Iteration 寻找一个良好的起始点。

英文摘要:

We design a deterministic subexponential time algorithm that takes as input a multivariate polynomial $f$ computed by a constant-depth circuit over rational numbers, and outputs a list $L$ of circuits (of unbounded depth and possibly with division gates) that contains all irreducible factors of $f$ computable by constant-depth circuits. This list $L$ might also include circuits that are spurious: they either do not correspond to factors of $f$ or are not even well-defined, e.g. the input to a division gate is a sub-circuit that computes the identically zero polynomial. The key technical ingredient of our algorithm is a notion of the pseudo-resultant of $f$ and a factor $g$, which serves as a proxy for the resultant of $g$ and $f/g$, with the advantage that the circuit complexity of the pseudo-resultant is comparable to that of the circuit complexity of $f$ and $g$. This notion, which might be of independent interest, together with the recent results of Limaye, Srinivasan and Tavenas, helps us derandomize one key step of multivariate polynomial factorization algorithms - that of deterministically finding a good starting point for Newton Iteration for the case when the input polynomial as well as the irreducible factor of interest have small constant-depth circuits.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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