In this paper, we investigate the geometric properties of the variable mixed Lebesgue-sequence space $\ell^{q(\cdot)} (L^{p(\cdot)})$ as a Banach space. We show that, if $ 1<q_-,p_-,q_+,p_+<\infty $, then $\ell^{q(\cdot)} (L^{p(\cdot)})$ is strictly and uniformly convex. We also prove that when $ 1\le q_-,p_-,q_+,p_+<\infty, $ the convergence in norm implies the convergence in measure, and under some conditions on exponents, the approximation identity holds in the space $ \ell^1(L^{\frac{p(\cdot)}{q(\cdot)}}) $.
For a locally compact group $H$ with a left Haar measure, we study variable Lebesgue algebra $\mathcal{L}^{p(\cdot)}(H)$ with respect to a convolution. We show that if $\mathcal{L}^{p(\cdot)}(H)$ has bounded exponent, then it contains a left approximate identity. We also prove a necessary and sufficient condition for $\mathcal{L}^{p(\cdot)}(H)$ to have an identity. We observe that a closed linear subspace of $\mathcal{L}^{p(\cdot)}(H)$ is a left ideal if and only if it is left translation invariant.
In this paper, we investigate the inequality \begin{equation*} \left\Vert f(\cdot +h)\right\Vert_{p\left( \cdot \right) }\leq A\left\Vert f\right\Vert_{p\left( \cdot \right) },\quad h\in \mathbb{R}^{n}, A>0 \end{equation*} under some suitable assumptions on the function $f$ and the variable exponent $p$.
In this paper the weak fixed point property ($w$-FPP) and the fixed point property (FPP) in Variable Lebesgue Spaces are studied. Given $(Ω,Σ,μ)$ a $σ$-finite measure and $p(\cdot)$ a variable exponent function, the $w$-FPP is completely characterized for the variable Lebesgue space $L^{p(\cdot)}(Ω)$ in terms of the exponent function $p(\cdot)$ and the absence of an isometric copy of $L_1[0,1]$. In particular, every reflexive $L^{p(\cdot)}(Ω)$ has the FPP and our results bring to light the existence of some nonreflexive variable Lebesgue spaces satisfying the $w$-FPP, in sharp contrast with th…
We prove that in variable exponent spaces $L^{p(\cdot)}(Ω)$, where $p(\cdot)$ satisfies the log-condition and $Ω$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbf R^n$ with the property that $\mathbf R^n \backslash \barΩ$ has the cone property, the validity of the Hardy type inequality $$| 1/δ(x)^α\int_Ωϕ(y) dy/|x-y|^{n-α}|_{p(\cdot)} \leqq C |ϕ|_{p(\cdot)}, \quad 0<\al<\min(1,\frac{n}{p_+})$$, where $δ(x)=\mathrm{dist}(x,\partialΩ)$, is equivalent to a certain property of the domain $\Om$ expressed in terms of $\al$ and $χ_\Om$.
The well-known Kolmogorov compactness criterion is extended to the case of variable exponent Lebesgue spaces $L^{p(\cdot)}(Ω)$, where $Ω$ is a bounded open set in $\mathbb R^n$ and $p(\cdot)$ satisfies some "standard" conditions. Our final result should be called Kolmogorov-Tulajkov Sudakov compactness criterion, since it includes the case $p_-=1$ and requires only the "uniform" condition.
Classical interpolation inequality of the type $\|u\|_{X}\leq C\|u\|_{Y}^θ\|u\|_{Z}^{1-θ}$ is well known in the case when $X$, $Y$, $Z$ are Lebesgue spaces. In this paper we show that this result may be extended by replacing norms $\|\cdot\|_{Y}$ or $\|\cdot\|_{X}$ by suitable H\" older semi-norm. We shall even prove sharper version involving weak Lorentz norm. We apply this result to prove the Gagliardo--Nirenberg inequality for a wider scale of parameters.
Suppose $Γ$ is a Carleson Jordan curve with logarithmic whirl points, $\varrho$ is a Khvedelidze weight, $p:Γ\to(1,\infty)$ is a continuous function satisfying $|p(τ)-p(t)|\le -\mathrm{const}/\log|τ-t|$ for $|τ-t|\le 1/2$, and $L^{p(\cdot)}(Γ,\varrho)$ is a weighted generalized Lebesgue space with variable exponent. We prove that all semi-Fredholm operators in the algebra of singular integral operators with $N\times N$ matrix piecewise continuous coefficients are Fredholm on $L_N^{p(\cdot)}(Γ,\varrho)$.
Let $p:\R\to(1,\infty)$ be a globally log-Hölder continuous variable exponent and $w:\R\to[0,\infty]$ be a weight. We prove that the Cauchy singular integral operator $S$ is bounded on the weighted variable Lebesgue space $L^{p(\cdot)}(\R,w)=\{f:fw\in L^{p(\cdot)}(\R)\}$ if and only if the weight $w$ satisfies \[ \sup_{-\infty<a<b<\infty} \frac{1}{b-a}\|wχ_{(a,b)}\|_{p(\cdot)}\|w^{-1}χ_{(a,b)}\|_{p'(\cdot)}<\infty \quad (1/p(x)+1/p'(x)=1). \]
In the present paper we investigate some geometrical properties of the norms in Banach function spaces. Particularly there is shown that if exponent $1/p(\cdot)$ belongs to $BLO^{1/\log}$ then for the norm of corresponding variable exponent Lebesgue space we have the following lower estimate $$\left\|\sum χ_{Q}\|fχ_{Q}\|_{p(\cdot)}/\|χ_{Q}\|_{p(\cdot)}\right\|_{p(\cdot)}\leq C\|f\|_{p(\cdot)}$$ where $\{Q\}$ defines disjoint partition of $[0;1]$. Also we have constructed variable exponent Lebesgue space with above property which does not possess following upper estimation $$\|f\|_{p(\cdot)}\le…
Valadier and Hensgen proved independently that the restriction of functional $ϕ(x)=\int_{0}^{1}x(t)dt,\,\,x\in L^{\infty}([0,1])$ on the space of continuous functions $C([0,1])$ admits a singular extension back to the whole space $L^{\infty}([0,1]).$ Some general results in this direction for the Banach lattices were obtained by Abramovich and Wickstead. In present note we investigate analogous problem for variable exponent Lebesgue spaces, namely we prove that if the space of continuous functions $C([0,1])$ is closed subspace in $L^{p(\cdot)}([0,1]),$ then every bounded linear functional on $…
We investigate the class $\mathcal{B}^{loc}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ of exponents $p(\cdot)$ for with local Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded in $L^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ space. Littlewood-Paley square-function characterization of $L^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ spaces with the above class of exponent are also obtained.
Let $a$ be a semi-almost periodic matrix function with the almost periodic representatives $a_l$ and $a_r$ at $-\infty$ and $+\infty$, respectively. Suppose $p:\mathbb{R}\to(1,\infty)$ is a slowly oscillating exponent such that the Cauchy singular integral operator $S$ is bounded on the variable Lebesgue space $L^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb{R})$. We prove that if the operator $aP+Q$ with $P=(I+S)/2$ and $Q=(I-S)/2$ is Fredholm on the variable Lebesgue space $L_N^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb{R})$, then the operators $a_lP+Q$ and $a_rP+Q$ are invertible on standard Lebesgue spaces $L_N^{q_l}(\mathbb{R})$ and $L_N^…
Two-weight criteria of various type for the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator and singular integrals in variable exponent Lebesgue spaces defined on the real line are established.
Let $\mathcal{M}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ be the class of bounded away from one and infinity functions $p:\mathbb{R}^n\to[1,\infty]$ such that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on the variable Lebesgue space $L^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb{R}^n)$. We show that if $a$ belongs to the Hörmander class $S_{ρ,δ}^{n(ρ-1)}$ with $0<ρ\le 1$, $0\leδ<1$, then the pseudodifferential operator $\Op(a)$ is bounded on the variable Lebesgue space $L^{p(\cdot)}(\R^n)$ provided that $p\in\cM(\R^n)$. Let $\mathcal{M}^*(\mathbb{R}^n)$ be the class of variable exponents $p\in\mathcal{M}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ represented as $1/…
We study unboundedness properties of functions belonging Lebesgue and Lorentz spaces with variable and mixed norms using growth envelopes. Our results extend the ones for the corresponding classical spaces in a natural way. In the case of spaces with mixed norms it turns out that the unboundedness in the worst direction, i.e., in the direction where $p_{i}$ is the smallest, is crucial. More precisely, the growth envelope is given by $E_G(L_{\vec{p}}(Ω)) = (t^{-1/\min\{p_{1}, \ldots, p_{d} \}},\min\{p_{1}, \ldots, p_{d} \})$ for mixed Lebesgue and $E_G(L_{\vec{p},q}(Ω)) = (t^{-1/\min\{p_{1}, \l…
On Convolution in Variable Lebesgue Spaces and Applications to Fractional Navier_Stokes Equations
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Ahmed Zabana（阿哈迈德·扎巴纳大学科学技术学院计算机科学系）；Laboratory of Functional Analysis and Geometry of Spaces, University of Mohamed Boudiaf（穆罕默德·布迪亚夫大学函数分析与空间几何实验室）
We introduce the Lorentz space $\mathcal{L}^{p(\cdot), q(\cdot)}$ with variable exponents $p(t),q(t)$ and prove the boundedness of singular integral and fractional type operators, and corresponding ergodic operators in these spaces. The main goal of the paper is to show that the boundedness of these operators in the spaces $\mathcal{L}^{p(\cdot), q(\cdot)}$ is possible without the local log-condition on the exponents, typical for the variable exponent Lebesgue spaces; instead the exponents $p(s)$ and $q(s)$ should only satisfy decay conditions of log-type as $s\to 0$ and $s\to\infty$. To prove…
We prove optimal integrability results for solutions of the $p(\cdot)$-Laplace equation in the scale of (weak) Lebesgue spaces. To obtain this, we show that variable exponent Riesz and Wolff potentials maps $L^1$ to variable exponent weak Lebesgue spaces.
Recently V. Kokilashvili, N. Samko, and S. Samko have proved a sufficient condition for the boundedness of the Cauchy singular integral operator on variable Lebesgue spaces with radial oscillating weights over Carleson curves. This condition is formulated in terms of Matuszewska-Orlicz indices of weights. We prove a partial converse of their result.
In this paper, we mainly discuss the $(p,q)$-frame in shift-invariant subspace \begin{equation*} V_{p,q}(Φ)=\left\{\sum\limits_{i=1}^{r}\sum\limits_{j_{1}\in \mathbf{Z}}\sum\limits_{j_{2}\in \mathbf{Z}^{d}}d_{i}(j_{1},j_{2})ϕ_{i}(\cdot-j_{1},\cdot-j_{2}):\Big(d_{i}(j_{1},j_{2})\Big)_{(j_{1},j_{2})\in \mathbf{Z}\times\mathbf{Z}^{d}}\in \ell^{p,q}(\mathbf{Z}\times\mathbf{Z}^d)\right\} \end{equation*} of mixed Lebesgue space $L^{p,q}(\mathbf{R}\times \mathbf{R}^{d})$. Some equivalent conditions for $\{ϕ_{i}(\cdot-j_{1},\cdot-j_{2}):(j_{1},j_{2})\in\mathbf{Z}\times\mathbf{Z}^d,1\leq i\leq r\}$ to …
In this paper one-weight inequalities with general weights for Riemann-Liouville transform and $ n-$ dimensional fractional integral operator in variable exponent Lebesgue spaces defined on $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ are investigated. In particular, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions governing one-weight inequalities for these operators on the cone of non-negative decreasing functions in $L^{p(x)}$ spaces.
In this paper, we show that under the condition $ 1<p_-, q_-, p_+, q_+<\infty$, the space $\ell^{q(\cdot)} (L^{p(\cdot)})$ is reflexive. In this way we give an answer to open problem posed by Hästö in 2017 about the reflexivity of the variable mixed Lebesgue-sequence spaces $\ell^{q(\cdot)} (L^{p(\cdot)})$. What is important here is that the dual space of $\ell^{q(\cdot)} (L^{p(\cdot)})$ is specified. As its direct corollary, we show that the corresponding Besov space $B^{s(\cdot)}_{p(\cdot)q(\cdot)}$ is reflexive.
We introduce Lorentz spaces $L_{p(\cdot),q}(\R^n)$ and $L_{p(\cdot),q(\cdot)}(\R^n)$ with variable exponents. We prove several basic properties of these spaces including embeddings and the identity $L_{p(\cdot),p(\cdot)}(\R^n)=L_{p(\cdot)}(\R^n)$. We also show that these spaces arise through real interpolation between $L_{\p}(\R^n)$ and $L_\infty(\R^n)$. Furthermore, we answer in a negative way the question posed in Diening, Hästö, and Nekvinda (2004) whether the Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorem holds in the frame of Lebesgue spaces with variable integrability.
Present work contains a method to obtain Jackson and Stechkin type inequalities of approximation by integral functions of finite degree (IFFD) in some variable exponent Lebesgue space of real functions defined on $\boldsymbol{R}:=\left( -\infty ,+\infty \right) $. To do this we employ a transference theorem which produce norm inequalities starting from norm inequalities in $\mathcal{C}(\boldsymbol{R})$, the class of bounded uniformly continuous functions defined on $\boldsymbol{R}$. Let $B\subseteq \boldsymbol{R}$ be a measurable set, $p\left( x\right) :B\rightarrow \lbrack 1,\infty )$ be a me…
In this paper we generalize Bochkariev's theorem, which states that for any uniformly bounded orthonormal system $Φ$, there exists a Lebesgue integrable function such that the Fourier series of it with respect to system $Φ$ diverge on the set of positive measure. We characterize the class of variable exponent Lebesgue spaces $L^{p(\cdot)}[0;1]$, $1<p(x)<\infty$ a.e. on [0;1], such that above mentioned Bochkarev's theorem is valid.
In this paper we study some estimates of norms in variable exponent Lebesgue spaces for maximal multiplier operators.We will consider the case when multiplier is the Fourier transform of a compactly supported Borel measure
In 1968, Israel Gohberg and Naum Krupnik discovered that local spectra of singular integral operators with piecewise continuous coefficients on Lebesgue spaces $L^p(Γ)$ over Lyapunov curves have the shape of circular arcs. About 25 years later, Albrecht Böttcher and Yuri Karlovich realized that these circular arcs metamorphose to so-called logarithmic leaves with a median separating point when Lyapunov curves metamorphose to arbitrary Carleson curves. We show that this result remains valid in a more general setting of variable Lebesgue spaces $L^{p(\cdot)}(Γ)$ where $p:Γ\to(1,\infty)$ satisfie…
Here using some methods of combinatorial set theory, particularly the ones related to the construction of independent families of sets and some modified version of the notion of small sets originally introduced by Riecan, Riecan and Neubrunn, we give abstract and generalized formulation of a remarkable theorem of Kakutani and Oxtoby relating to nonseparable extension of Lebesgue measure in spaces with transformation groups
Let $p(\cdot):\ \mathbb{R}^n\to(0,\infty]$ be a variable exponent function satisfying the globally log-Hölder continuous condition and $A$ a general expansive matrix on $\mathbb{R}^n$. Let $H_A^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ be the variable anisotropic Hardy space associated with $A$ defined via the non-tangential grand maximal function. In this article, via the known atomic characterization of $H_A^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb{R}^n)$, the author establishes its molecular characterization with the known best possible decay of molecules. As an application, the author obtains a criterion on the boundedness of …
Let $X$ be a ball Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$. In this article, under some mild assumptions about both $X$ and the boundedness of the Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator on the associate space of the convexification of $X$, the authors prove that, for any locally integrable function $f$ with $\|\,|\nabla f|\,\|_{X}<\infty$, $$\sup_{λ\in(0,\infty)}λ\left \|\left|\left\{y\in{\mathbb R}^n:\ |f(\cdot)-f(y)| >λ|\cdot-y|^{\frac{n}{q}+1}\right\}\right|^{\frac{1}{q}} \right\|_X\sim \|\,|\nabla f|\,\|_X$$ with the positive equivalence constants independent of $f$, where the index $q\in(0,\i…
Let $H[X]$ and $H[Y]$ be abstract Hardy spaces built upon Banach function spaces $X$ and $Y$ over the unit circle $\mathbb{T}$. We prove an analogue of the Brown-Halmos theorem for Toeplitz operators $T_a$ acting from $H[X]$ to $H[Y]$ under the only assumption that the space $X$ is separable and the Riesz projection $P$ is bounded on the space $Y$. We specify our results to the case of variable Lebesgue spaces $X=L^{p(\cdot)}$ and $Y=L^{q(\cdot)}$ and to the case of Lorentz spaces $X=Y=L^{p,q}(w)$, $1<p<\infty$, $1\le q<\infty$ with Muckenhoupt weights $w\in A_p(\mathbb{T})$.
In this work, we extend the theory of Békollè-Bonami $B_p$ weights. Here we replace the constant $p$ by a non-negative measurable function $p(\cdot),$ which is log-Hölder continuous function with lower bound $1$. We show that the Bergman projector on the unit ball of $\mathbb C^n$ is continuous on the weighted variable Lebesgue spaces $L^{p(\cdot)}(w)$ if and only if $w$ belongs to the generalised Békollè-Bonami class $B_{p(\cdot)}$. To achieve this, we define a maximal function and show that it is bounded on $L^{p(\cdot)}(w)$ if $w\in B_{p(\cdot)}$. We next state and prove a weighted extrapol…
Let $p(\cdot):\ \mathbb R^n\to(0,\infty)$ be a variable exponent function satisfying the globally log-Hölder continuous condition. In this article, the authors first obtain a decomposition for any distribution of the variable weak Hardy space into "good" and "bad" parts and then prove the following real interpolation theorem between the variable Hardy space $H^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb R^n)$ and the space $L^{\infty}(\mathbb R^n)$: \begin{equation*} (H^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb R^n),L^{\infty}(\mathbb R^n))_{θ,\infty} =W\!H^{p(\cdot)/(1-θ)}(\mathbb R^n),\quad θ\in(0,1), \end{equation*} where $W\!H^{p(\cdot)…
We consider local "complementary" generalized Morrey spaces ${\dual \cal M}_{\{x_0\}}^{p(\cdot),\om}(\Om)$ in which the $p$-means of function are controlled over $\Om\backslash B(x_0,r)$ instead of $B(x_0,r)$, where $\Om \subset \Rn$ is a bounded open set, $p(x)$ is a variable exponent, and no monotonicity type conditio is imposed onto the function $\om(r)$ defining the "complementary" Morrey-type norm. In the case where $\om$ is a power function, we reveal the relation of these spaces to weighted Lebesgue spaces. In the general case we prove the boundedness of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal ope…
We prove that if the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on a separable Banach function space $X(\mathbb{R}^n)$ and on its associate space $X'(\mathbb{R}^n)$ and a maximally modulated Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator $T^Φ$ is of weak type $(r,r)$ for all $r\in(1,\infty)$, then $T^Φ$ extends to a bounded operator on $X(\mathbb{R}^n)$. This theorem implies the boundedness of the maximally modulated Hilbert transform on variable Lebesgue spaces $L^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb{R})$ under natural assumptions on the variable exponent $p:\mathbb{R}\to(1,\infty)$. Applications of the above r…
We prove some results on weakly almost square Banach spaces and their relatives. On the one hand, we discuss weak almost squareness in the setting of Banach function spaces. More precisely, let $(Ω,Σ)$ be a measurable space, let $E$ be a Banach lattice and let $ν:Σ\to E^+$ be a non-atomic countably additive measure having relatively norm compact range. Then the space $L_1(ν)$ is weakly almost square. This result applies to some abstract Cesàro function spaces. Similar arguments show that the Lebesgue-Bochner space $L_1(μ,Y)$ is weakly almost square for any Banach space~$Y$ and for any non-atom…
In [22], it was proved that as long as the integrand has certain properties, the corresponding Itô integral can be written as a (parameterized) Lebesgue integral (or a Bochner integral). In this paper, we show that such a question can be answered in a more positive and refined way. To do this, we need to characterize the dual of the Banach space of some vector-valued stochastic processes having different integrability with respect to the time variable and the probability measure. The later can be regarded as a variant of the classical Riesz Representation Theorem, and therefore it will be usef…
Yanni Chen extended the classical Beurling-Helson-Lowdenslager Theorem for Hardy spaces on the unit circle $\mathbb{T}$ defined in terms of continuous gauge norms on $L^{\infty}$ that dominate $\Vert\cdot\Vert_{1}$. We extend Chen's result to a much larger class of continuous gauge norms. A key ingredient is our result that if $α$ is a continuous normalized gauge norm on $L^{\infty}$, then there is a probability measure $λ$, mutually absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure on $\mathbb{T}$, such that $α\geq c\Vert\cdot\Vert_{1,λ}$ for some $0<c\leq1.$
Let $p(\cdot):\ \mathbb R^n\to(0,\infty)$ be a variable exponent function satisfying that there exists a constant $p_0\in(0,p_-)$, where $p_-:=\mathop{\mathrm {ess\,inf}}_{x\in \mathbb R^n}p(x)$, such that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on the variable exponent Lebesgue space $L^{p(\cdot)/p_0}(\mathbb R^n)$. In this article, via investigating relations between boundary valued of harmonic functions on the upper half space and elements of variable exponent Hardy spaces $H^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb R^n)$ introduced by E. Nakai and Y. Sawano and, independently, by D. Cruz-Uribe and L.-A…
$L\sp{p}$ space is a crucial aspect of classical measure theory. For nonadditive measure, it is known that $L\sp{p}$ space theory holds for the Choquet integral whenever the monotone measure $μ$ is submodular and continuous from below. The main purpose of this paper is to generalize $L\sp{p}$ space theory to $+,\cdot$-based pan-integral. Let $(X, {\cal A}, μ)$ be a monotone measure space. We prove that the $+,\cdot$-based pan-integral is additive with respect to integrands if $μ$ is subadditive. Then we introduce the pan-integral for real-valued functions(not necessarily nonnegative), and prov…
We present results for Choquet integrals with minimal assumptions on the monotone set function through which they are defined. They include the equivalence of sublinearity and strong subadditivity independent of regularity assumptions on the capacity, as well as various forms of standard measure theoretic convergence theorems for these non-additive integrals, e.g. Fatou's lemma and Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem.
We define $A_{p(\cdot)}^{\rm loc}$ and show that the weighted inequality for local Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator on the Lebesgue spaces with variable exponent. This work will extend the theory of Rychkov, who developed the theory of $A_p^{\rm loc}$ weights. It will also extend the work by Cruz-Uribe. SFO, Fiorenza and Neugebaucer, who considered the Muckenhoupt class for Lebesgue spaces with variable exponents. Due to the setting of variable exponents, a new method of extension of weights will be needed; the extension method is different from the one by Rychkov. A passage to the vector-va…
