Mean value theorems for the Apostol-Vu double zeta-function and its application
Yuichiro Toma
该研究推导得出Apostol-Vu型及Mordell-Tornheim型双重ζ函数的均方值，为相关数论研究提供了中值定理层面的结果支撑。
本文中，我们得到了Apostol-Vu型与Mordell-Tornheim型双重ζ函数的均方值。
In this paper, we obtain mean square values of the double zeta-functions of the Apostol-Vu type and the Mordell-Tornheim type.
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Analytic properties of three types of multiple zeta functions, that is, the Euler-Zagier type, the Mordell-Tornheim type and the Apostol-Vu type have been studied by a lot of authors. In particular, in the study of multiple zeta functions of the Apostol-Vu type, a generalized multiple zeta function, including both the Euler-Zagier type and the Apostol-Vu type, was introduced.In this paper, similarly we consider generalized multiple zeta-functions and $ L $-functions, which include both the Euler-Zagier type and the Mordell-Tornheim type as special cases.We prove the meromorphic continuation to…
We give a result on the asymptotic behavior of the Hurwitz-Lerch multiple zeta functions near non-positive integer points by using the Apostol-Bernoulli polynomials. From this result, we can evaluate limit values at non-positive integer points.
Ramaswami Type translation formulae for the polylogarithm functions
本文研究多项式对数函数的Ramaswami和Apostol类型翻译公式，并探讨其在伯努利数递推关系和切线数同余性质中的应用。
The main aim of this paper is to investigate and introduce relations between the numbers of k-ary Lyndon words and unified zeta-type functions which was defined by Ozden et al [15, p. 2785]. Finally, we give some identities on generating functions for the numbers of k-ary Lyndon words and some special numbers and polynomials such as the Apostol-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, Frobenius-Euler numbers, Euler numbers and Bernoulli numbers.
The aim of this paper is to define some new number-theoretic functions including necklaces polynomials and the numbers of special words such as Lyndon words. By using Dirichlet convolution formula with well-known number-theoretic functions, we derive some new identities and relations associated with Dirichlet series, Lambert series, and also the family of zeta functions including the Riemann zeta functions and polylogarithm functions. By using analytic (meromorphic) continuation of zeta functions, we also derive identities and formulas including Bernoulli numbers and Apostol-Bernoulli numbers.…
The \emph{Barnes $ζ$-function} is \[ ζ_n (z, x; \a) := \sum_{\m \in \Z_{\ge 0}^n} \frac{1}{\left(x + m_1 a_1 + \dots + m_n a_n \right)^z} \] defined for $\Re(x) > 0$ and $\Re(z) > n$ and continued meromorphically to $\C$. Specialized at negative integers $-k$, the Barnes $ζ$-function gives \[ ζ_n (-k, x; \a) = \frac{(-1)^n k!}{(k+n)!} \, B_{k+n} (x; \a) \] where $B_k(x; \a)$ is a \emph{Bernoulli--Barnes polynomial}, which can be also defined through a generating function that has a slightly more general form than that for Bernoulli polynomials. Specializing $B_k(0; \a)$ gives the \emph{Bernoul…
Recently, the numbers $Y_{n}(λ)$ and the polynomials $Y_{n}(x,λ)$ have been introduced by the second author [22]. The purpose of this paper is to construct higher-order of these numbers and polynomials with their generating functions. By using these generating functions with their functional equations and derivative equations, we derive various identities and relations including two recurrence relations, Vandermonde type convolution formula, combinatorial sums, the Bernstein basis functions, and also some well known families of special numbers and their interpolation functions such as the Apos…
An explicit expression of the Lerch zeta function on maximal domains of holomorphy
该研究给出Lerch zeta函数的显式表达式，实现其多变量到最大全纯域的解析延拓并给出特殊值扩展公式，同时证明Lerch与Apostol函数方程本质一致。
In this paper, transformation formulas for a large class of Eisenstein series defined by \[ G(z,s;A_α,B_β;r_{1},r_{2})=\sum\limits_{m,n=-\infty}^{\infty }\ \hspace{-0.19in}^{^{\prime}}\frac{f(αm)f^{\ast}(βn)} {((m+r_{1})z+n+r_{2})^{s}},\text{ }\operatorname{Re}(s)>2,\text{ }\operatorname{Im}(z)>0 \] are investigated for $s=1-r$, $r\in\mathbb{N}$. Here $\left\{ f(n)\right\}$ and $\left\{ f^{\ast}(n)\right\}$, $-\infty<n<\infty$ are sequences of complex numbers with period $k>0$, and $A_α=\left\{ f(αn)\right\} $ and $B_β=\left\{ f^{\ast}(βn)\right\}$, $α,β\in\mathbb{Z}$. Appearing in the transfo…
Let $a(1) >0$, $a(n) \ge 0$ for $n \ge 2$ and $a(n) = O(n^\varepsilon)$ for any $\varepsilon >0$, and put $Z(σ+ it):= \sum_{n=1}^\infty a(n) n^{-σ- it}$ where $σ, t \in {\mathbb{R}}$. In the present paper, we show that any zeta distribution whose characteristic function is defined by ${\mathcal{Z}}_σ(t) :=Z(σ+ it)/Z(σ)$ is pretended infinitely divisible if $σ>1$ is sufficiently large. Moreover, we prove that if ${\mathcal{Z}}_σ(t)$ is an infinitely divisible characteristic function for some $σ_{id} >1$, then ${\mathcal{Z}}_σ(t)$ is infinitely divisible for all $σ>1$. Note that the correspondin…
We study the double shuffle relations satisfied by the double zeta values of level 2, and introduce the double Eisenstein series of level 2 which satisfy the double shuffle relations. We connect the double Eisenstein series to modular forms of level 2.
We present explicit formulas for Hecke eigenforms as linear combinations of q-analogues of modified double zeta values. As an application, we obtain period polynomial relations and sum formulas for these modified double zeta values. These relations have similar shapes as the period polynomial relations of Gangl, Kaneko and Zagier and the usual sum formulas for classical double zeta values.
In this paper, we generalize the partial fraction decomposition which is fundamental in the theory of multiple zeta values, and prove a relation between Tornheim's double zeta functions of three complex variables. As applications, we give new integral representations of several zeta functions, an extension of the parity result to the whole domain of convergence, concrete expressions of Tornheim's double zeta function at non-positive integers and some results for the behavior of a certain Witten's zeta function at each integer. As an appendix, we show a functional equation for Euler's double ze…
We present a unified approach which gives completely elementary proofs of three weighted sum formulae for double zeta values. This approach also leads to new evaluations of sums relating to the harmonic numbers, the alternating double zeta values, and the Witten zeta function. We discuss a heuristic for finding or dismissing the existence of similar simple sums. We also produce some new sums from recursions involving the Riemann zeta and the Dirichlet beta functions.
The fact that the double zeta values at n and m can be written as a sum of products of two zeta values and of zeta value at m+n, whenever n+m is odd is due to Euler. We shall show a weak version of this result for the Galois l-adic realization.
In this paper, we investigate an asymptotic behavior of the double zeta function of Euler-Zagier type for indices with large negative real parts.
The distribution of the zeros of the Euler double zeta-function $ζ_2(s_1,s_2)$, in the case when $s_1=s_2$, is studied numerically. Some similarity to the distribution of the zeros of Hurwitz zeta-functions is observed.
In the study of order estimation of the Riemann zeta-function $ ζ(s) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty n^{-s} $, solving Lindelöf hypothesis is an important theme. As one of the relationships, asymptotic behavior of mean values has been studied. Furthermore, the theory of the mean values is also noted in the double zeta-functions, and the mean values of the Euler-Zagier type of double zeta-function and Mordell-Tornheim type of double zeta-function were studied. In this paper, we prove asymptotic formulas for mean square values of the Barnes double zeta-function $ ζ_2 (s, α; v, w ) = \sum_{m=0}^\infty \sum_{…
Extended double shuffle relations for multiple zeta values are obtained by the fact that any product of regularized multiple zeta values has two different representations, and the case of two-fold product is considered in general. In this paper, we give two formulas for the generating function of the triple zeta values of any fixed weight by the use of the extended double shuffle relations obtained by not only two-fold products of double and single zeta values but also three-fold products of single zeta values. As applications of the formulas, we also obtain some parameterized, weighted and re…
We prove asymptotic formulas for mean square values of the Euler double zeta-function $ζ_2(s_0,s)$, with respect to $\Im s$. Those formulas enable us to propose a double analogue of the Lindel{ö}f hypothesis.
In this paper, we give a simple proof of the functional relation for the Lerch type Tornheim double zeta function. By using it, we obtain simple proofs of some explicit evaluation formulas for double $L$-values.
We give new proofs of two functional relations for the alternating analogues of Tornheim's double zeta function. Using the functional relations, we give new proofs of some evaluation formulas found by H. Tsumura for these alternating series.
For odd $N\geq 5$, we establish a short exact sequence about motivic double zeta values $ζ^{\mathfrak{m}}(r,N-r)$ with $r\geq3$ odd, $N-r\geq2$. From this we classify all the relations among depth-graded motivic double zeta values $ζ^{\mathfrak{m}}(r,N-r)$ with $r\geq3$ odd, $N-r\geq2$. As a corollary, we confirm a conjecture of Zagier on the rank of a matrix which concerns relations among multiple zeta values of odd weight.
We introduce the unified double zeta function of Mordell--Tornheim type and compute its values at non-positive integer points. We then discuss a possible generalization of the Kaneko--Zagier conjecture for all integer points.
In this paper we discuss three types of the mean values of the Euler double zeta function. In order to get results we introduce three approximate formulas for this function.
We give some restricted sum formulas for double zeta values whose arguments satisfy certain congruence conditions modulo 2 or 6, and also give an application to identities showed by Ramanujan for sums of products of Bernoulli numbers with a gap of 6.
In this survey article, we discuss the algebraic structure of q-analogues of multiple zeta values, which are closely related to derivatives of Eisenstein series. Moreover, we introduce the formal double Eisenstein space, which generalizes the formal double zeta space of Gangl, Kaneko, and Zagier. Using the algebraic structure of q-analogues of multiple zeta values, we will present a realization of this space. As an application, we will obtain purely combinatorial proofs of identities among (quasi-)modular forms.
Algebraic identities among $q$- analogue of Euler double zeta values
本文探究另一类q-双重zeta函数变体及其星型变体的恒等式，借助q>1的Nielsen反射公式q-模拟，研究相关恒等式，分析参数趋于0的行为并与经典情形对比，还讨论Mordell-Tornheim r重zeta函数q-模拟及其与q-双重zeta函数的关系。
We study a certain class of q-analogues of multiple zeta values, which appear in the Fourier expansion of multiple Eisenstein series. Studying their algebraic structure and their derivatives we propose conjectured explicit formulas for the derivatives of double and triple Eisenstein series.
Symmetric multiple zeta values (SMZVs) are elements in the ring of all multiple zeta values modulo the ideal generated by $ζ(2)$ introduced by Kaneko-Zagier as counterparts of finite multiple zeta values. It is known that symmetric multiple zeta values satisfy double shuffle relations and duality relations. In this paper, we construct certain lifts of SMZVs which live in the ring generated by all multiple zeta values and $2πi$ as certain iterated integrals on $\mathbb{P}^{1}\setminus\{0,1,\infty\}$ along a certain closed path. We call this lifted values as refined symmetric multiple zeta value…
In this paper we introduce and study double tails of multiple zeta values. We show, in particular, that they satisfy certain recurrence relations and deduce from this a generalization of Euler's classical formula $ζ(2)=3\sum_{m=1}^\infty m^{-2}\left({2m\atop m}\right)^{-1}$ to all multiple zeta values, as well as a new and very efficient algorithm for computing these values.
In this paper, we investigate linear relations among regularized motivic iterated integrals on $\mathbb{P}^{1}\setminus\{0,1,\infty\}$ of depth two, which we call regularized motivic double zeta values. Some mysterious connections between motivic multiple zeta values and modular forms are known, e.g. Gangl--Kaneko--Zagier relation for the totally odd double zeta values and Ihara--Takao relation for the depth graded motivic Lie algebra. In this paper, we investigate so-called non-admissible cases and give many new Gangl--Kaneko--Zagier type and Ihara--Takao type relations for regularized motivi…
This paper discusses four formulae conjectured by J. A. Lara Rodríguez on certain power series in function fields, which yield a 'harmonic product' formula for Thakur's double zeta values. We prove affirmatively the first two formulae. While we detect and correct errors in the last two formulae, and prove the corrected ones.
The double zeta function was first studied by Euler in response to a letter from Goldbach in 1742. One of Euler's results for this function is a decomposition formula, which expresses the product of two values of the Riemann zeta function as a finite sum of double zeta values involving binomial coefficients. In this note, we establish a q-analog of Euler's decomposition formula. More specifically, we show that Euler's decomposition formula can be extended to what might be referred to as a ``double q-zeta function'' in such a way that Euler's formula is recovered in the limit as q tends to 1.
In this paper, we give a proof of a conjecture made by Zagier about the inverse of some matrix related to double zeta values of parity $(\mathrm{even},\mathrm{odd})$. As a result, we obtain a family of Bernoulli number identities. We further generalize this family to a more general setting involving binomial coefficients of negative arguments.
The formal multiple zeta space we consider with a computer is an $\mathbb{F}_2$-vector space generated by $2^{k-2}$ formal symbols for a given weight $k$, where the symbols satisfy binary extended double shuffle relations. Up to weight $k=22$, we compute the dimensions of the formal multiple zeta spaces, and verify the dimension conjecture on original extended double shuffle relations of real multiple zeta values. Our computations adopt Gaussian forward elimination and give information for spaces filtered by depth. We can observe that the dimensions of the depth-graded formal multiple zeta spa…
In their seminal paper "Double zeta values and modular forms" Gangl, Kaneko and Zagier defined a double Eisenstein series and used it to study the relations between double zeta values. One of their key ideas is to study the formal double space and apply the double shuffle relations. They also proved the double shuffle relations for the double Eisenstein series. More recently, Kaneko and Tasaka extended the double Eisenstein series to level 2, proved its double shuffle relations and studied the double zeta values of level 2. Motivated by the above works, we define in this paper the correspondin…
Colored double zeta values and modular forms of general level
本文将Gangl等人关于源自${\rm SL}(2,\mathbb{Z})$模形式周期多项式的奇指标双重zeta值线性关系的结果，推广至源自水平$N$同余子群模形式的水平$N$彩色双重zeta值间的线性关系。
The study of this paper is inspired by the conjecture of Zagier on the explicit dimension formula for the space of the same weight double zeta values in terms of the dimension of cusp forms for SL_{2}(Z). Our main result is to devise an effective criterion for computing the dimension of the same weight double zeta values over a rational function field F_{q}(theta) in positive characteristic. Contrary to the Zagier's conjecture, the analogue of Zagier's conjectural dimension provides a lower bound for the dimension of the double zeta values when the weight is $A$-even.
In 1776, L. Euler proposed three methods, called prima methodus, secunda methodus and tertia methodus, to calculate formulae for double zeta values. However strictly speaking, his last two methods are mathematically incomplete and require more precise reformulation and more sophisticated arguments for their justification. In this paper, we reformulate his formulae, give their rigorous proofs and also clarify that the formulae can be derived from the extended double shuffle relations.
It is conjectured that the regularized double shuffle relations give all algebraic relations among the multiple zeta values, and hence all other algebraic relations should be deduced from the regularized double shuffle relations. In this paper, we provide as many as the relations which can be derived from the regularized double shuffle relations, for example, the weighted sum formula of L. Guo and B. Xie, some evaluation formulas with even arguments and the restricted sum formulas of M. E. Hoffman and their generalizations.
We study a refinement of the symmetric multiple zeta value, called the $t$-adic symmetric multiple zeta value, by considering its finite truncation. More precisely, two kinds of regularizations (harmonic and shuffle) give two kinds of the $t$-adic symmetric multiple zeta values, thus we introduce two kinds of truncations correspondingly. Then we show that our truncations tend to the corresponding $t$-adic symmetric multiple zeta values, and satisfy the harmonic and shuffle relations, respectively. This gives a new proof of the double shuffle relations for $t$-adic symmetric multiple zeta value…
This paper contains examples of shuffle relations among multiple Dedekind zeta values. Dedekind zeta values were defined by the author in his paper "Multiple Dedekind zeta functions". Here we concentrate on the cases of real or imaginary quadratic fields with up to double iteration. We give examples of integral shuffle relation in terms of iterated integrals over membranes and of infinite sum shuffle relation, sometimes called stuffle relation. Using both types of shuffles for the product $ζ_{K,C}(2)ζ_{K,C}(2)$, we find relations among multiple Dedekind zeta values for real and for imaginary q…
We exhibit the double q-shuffle structure for the qMZVs recently introduced by Y. Ohno, J. Okuda and W. Zudilin.
We establish a short exact sequence about depth-graded motivic double zeta values of even weight relative to $μ_2$. We find a basis for the depth-graded motivic double zeta values relative to $μ_2$ of even weight and a basis for the depth-graded motivic triple zeta values relative to $μ_2$ of odd weight. As an application of our main results, we prove Kaneko and Tasaka's conjectures about the sum odd double zeta values and the classical double zeta values. We also prove an analogue of Kaneko and Tasaka's conjecture in depth three. At last we formulate a conjecture which is related to sum odd m…
We prove a conjecture of Zagier about the inverse of a $(K-1)\times (K-1)$ matrix $A=A_{K}$ using elementary methods. This formula allows one to express the the product of single zeta values $ζ(2r)ζ(2K+1-2r)$, $1\leq r\leq K-1$, in terms of the double zeta values $ζ(2r,2K+1-2r)$, $1\leq r\leq K-1$ and $ζ(2K+1)$.
Catalogue of modular relations for double zeta values
本文汇编了多重 zeta 值的模关系研究，回顾了固定权重下源自模形式的线性关系，特别是二重 zeta 值的已知结果，并展望了未来研究方向。
We consider the problem of deducing the duality relation from the extended double shuffle relation for multiple zeta values. Especially we prove that the duality relation for double zeta values and that for the sum of multiple zeta values whose first components are 2's are deduced from the derivation relation, which is known as a subclass of the extended double shuffle relation.
The even weight period polynomial relations in the double shuffle Lie algebra $\mathfrak{ds}$ were discovered by Ihara, and completely classified by the second author by relating them to restricted even period polynomials associated to cusp forms on $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$. In an article published in the same year, Gangl, Kaneko and Zagier displayed certain linear combinations of odd-component double zeta values which are equal to scalar multiples of simple zeta values in even weight, and also related them to restricted even period polynomials. In this paper, we relate the two sets of rela…
For odd $k$, we give a formula for the relations between double zeta values $ζ(r,k-r)$ with $r$ even. This formula provides a connection with the space of cusp forms on $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$. This is the odd weight analogue of a result by Gangl, Kaneko and Zagier. We also provide an answer of a question asked by Zagier about the left kernel of some matrix. Although the restricted sum statement fails in the odd weight case, we provide an asymptotical statement that replaces it. Our statement works more generally for restricted sums with any congruence condition on the first entry of the d…
As one of the asymptotic formulas of the zeta-function, Hardy and Littlewood gave asymptotic formulas called the approximate functional equation. In this paper, we prove an approximate functional equation of the Barnes double zeta-function $ ζ_2 (s, α; v, w ) = \sum_{m=0}^\infty \sum_{n=0}^\infty (α+vm+wn)^{-s} $. Also, applying this approximate functional equation and the van der Corput method, we obtain upper bounds for $ ζ_2(1/2 + it, α; v, w) $ and $ ζ_2(3/2 + it, α; v, w) $ with respect to $ t $ as $ t \rightarrow \infty $.
We study an elliptic analogue of multiple zeta values, the elliptic multiple zeta values of Enriquez, which are the coefficients of the elliptic KZB associator. Originally defined by iterated integrals on a once-punctured complex elliptic curve, it turns out that they can also be expressed as certain linear combinations of indefinite iterated integrals of Eisenstein series and multiple zeta values. In this paper, we prove that the $\mathbb{Q}$-span of these elliptic multiple zeta values forms a $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra, which is naturally filtered by the length and is conjecturally graded by the w…
In this paper, we give an explicit formula of the Shintani double zeta functions with any ramification in the most general setting of adeles over an arbitrary number field. Three applications of the explicit formula are given. First, we obtain a functional equation satisfied by the Shintani double zeta functions in addition to Shintani's functional equations. Second, we establish the holomorphicity of a certain Dirichlet series generalizing a result by Ibukiyama and Saito. This Dirichlet series occurs in the study of unipotent contributions of the geometric side of the Arthur-Selberg trace for…
In this paper, we will study various connections between double zeta values relative to $μ_N$, Hecke operators $T_N$, and newforms of level $Γ_0(N)$ for $N=2,3$. Those various connections generalize the well-known of Baumard and Schneps. We also give a conjecture about the Eichler-Shimura-Manin correspondence between $\mathcal{S}_k^{\textrm{new}}(Γ_0(2))^{\pm}$, $\mathcal{S}_k^{\textrm{new}}(Γ_0(3))^{\pm}$ and some period polynomial spaces.
We study the behavior of zero-divisors of the double zeta-function $ζ_2(s_1,s_2)$. In our former paper \cite{MatSho14} we studied the case $s_1=s_2$, but in the present paper we consider the more general two variable situation. We carry out numerical computations in order to trace the behavior of zero-divisors. We observe that some divisors approach the points with $s_2=0$, while other divisors approach the points which are solutions of $ζ(s_2)=1$.
In the present paper, for $s,t,u \in {\mathbb{C}}$, we show rapidly (or globally) convergent series representations of the Tornheim double zeta function $T(s,t,u)$ and (desingularized) symmetric Tornheim double zeta functions. As a corollary, we give a new a proof of known results on the values of $T(s,s,s)$ at non-positive integers and the location of the poles of $T(s,s,s)$. Furthermore, we prove that the function $T(s,s,s)$ can not be written by a polynomial in the form of $\sum_{k=1}^j c_k \prod_{r=1}^q ζ^{d_{kr}} (a_{kr} s + b_{kr})$, where $a_{kr}, b_{kr}, c_k \in {\mathbb{C}}$ and $d_{k…
For a non-negative integer $N$, let $\mathcal{Z}_{N}:=\sum^N_{c = 0} \mathbb{Q} \cdot ζ(-c,s+c)$, where the right-hand side is the vector space spanned by the Euler-Zagier double zeta functions over $\mathbb{Q}$. In this paper, we show that $\mathcal{Z}_{N} =\bigoplus^{N}_{c = 0 : \text{even}} \mathbb{Q} \cdot ζ(-c,s+c)$, where $\bigoplus$ is the direct sum of vector spaces. Moreover, we give a family of relations that exhaust all $\mathbb{Q}$-linear relations on $\mathcal{Z}_{N}$.
Functional equation, upper bounds and analogue of Lindelöf hypothesis for the Barnes double zeta function
本文研究Barnes双ζ函数的函数方程，并利用Phragmén-Lindelöf凸性原理，推导出该函数在t趋于无穷时的上界。
Regularized double shuffle relations of $μ$-multiple Hurwitz zeta values
本文研究了$μ$-多重Hurwitz zeta值的两种乘积及其非容许指标下的正则化，证明了比较定理是$μ$不变的，并导出了多重无穷和闭式公式及多种求和公式。
On the distribution of the zeros of the Euler double zeta-function $ζ_2(s,s)$
本文研究Euler双zeta函数在对角线情形$\zeta_2(s,s)$的零点分布，用严格的理论证明改进了先前数值观察结果。
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