In this paper, we study several type of point derivations for Banach algebras. We investigate how our definition of point derivations are related to each others.
In this article, it is proved that a functional equation of (linear) Jordan triple derivations on unital Banach algebras under quite natural and simple assumptions is hyperstable. It is also shown that under some mild conditions approximate Jordan triple derivations on unital semiprime Banach algebras are (linear) derivations.
We consider the compactness of derivations from commutative Banach algebras into their dual modules. We show that if there are no compact derivations from a commutative Banach algebra, $A$, into its dual module, then there are no compact derivations from $A$ into any symmetric $A$-bimodule; we also prove analogous results for weakly compact derivations and for bounded derivations of finite rank. We then characterise the compact derivations from the convolution algebra $\ell^1(\Z_+)$ to its dual. Finally, we give an example (due to J. F. Feinstein) of a non-compact, bounded derivation from a un…
In this article we shall focus on the derivations on module extension of Banach algebras and determine the general structure of them. Then we obtain some results concerning the automatic continuity of these mappings.
In this paper, we study Jordan derivation-like maps on the $θ-$Lau products of algebras. We characterize them and prove that under certain condition any Jordan derivation-like maps on the $θ-$Lau products is a derivation-like map. Moreover, we investigate the concept of centralizing for Jordan derivation-like maps on the $θ-$Lau products of algebras.
Let $A$ be a Banach algebra and $X$ be a Banach $A$-bimodule. A mapping $D :A\longrightarrow X$ is a cubic derivation if $D$ is a cubic homogeneous mapping, that is $D$ is cubic and $D(λa)=λ^3 D(a)$ for any complex number $λ$ and all $a\in A$, and $D(ab)=D(a)\cdot b^3 +a^3\cdot D(b)$ for all $a,b\in A$. In this paper, we prove the stability of a cubic derivation with direct method. We also employ a fixed point method to establish of the stability and the superstability for cubic derivations.
Let $X$ be a left introverted subspace of dual of a Banach algebra. We study $Z_t(X^*),$ the topological center of Banach algebra $X^*$. We fined the topological center of $(X\cA)^*$, when $\cA$ has a bounded right approximate identity and $\cA\subseteq X^*.$ So we introduce a new notation of amenability for a dual Banach algebra $\cal A$. A dual Banach algebra $\cal A$ is weakly Connes-amenable if the first $weak^*-$continuous cohomology group of $\cal A$ with coefficients in $\cal A$ is zero; i.e., $H^1_{w^*}(\cal A, \cal A)=\{o\}$. We study the weak Connes-amenability of some dual Banach al…
Let A and U be Banach algebras such that U is also a Banach A- bimodule with compatible algebra operations, module actions and norm. By defining an approprite action, we turn l1-direct product A item U into a Banach algebra such that A is closed subalgebra and U is a closed ideal of it. This algebra, is in fact semidirect product of A and U which we denote it by A litem U and every semidirect products of Banach algebras can be represented as this form. In this paper we consider the Banach algebra A litem U as mentioned and study the derivations on it. In fact we consider the automatic continui…
We investigate the automatic regularity of bounded derivations from a Banach lattice algebra of regular operators A into a Banach A-module with a Banach lattice structure compatible with the module operations.
Let $A$ be a Banach ternary algebra over a scalar field $\Bbb R$ or $\Bbb C$ and $X$ be a ternary Banach $A-$module. Let $σ,τ$ and $ξ$ be linear mappings on $A$, a linear mapping $D:(A,[]_A)\to (X,[]_X)$ is called a Lie ternary $(σ,τ,ξ)-$derivation, if $$D([abc]_A)=[[D(a)bc]_X]_{(σ,τ,ξ)}+[[D(b)ac]_X]_{(σ,τ,ξ)}+[[D(c)ba]_X]_{(σ,τ,ξ)},$$ for all $a,b,c\in A$, where $[abc]_{(σ,τ,ξ)}=aτ(b)ξ(c)-σ(c)τ(b)a.$ In this paper, we investigate the generalized Hyers--Ulam--Rassias stability of Lie ternary $(σ,τ,ξ)-$derivations on Banach ternary algebras.
Let $\cal A$ be a Banach algebra. We study those closed ideals $I$ of $\cal A$ for which the first cohomology group of $\cal A$ with coefficients in $I^*$ is trivial; i.e. $H^1(\cal A,I^*)=\{0\}$. We investigate such closed ideals when $\cal A$ is weakly amenable or biflat. Also we give some hereditary properties of ideal amenability.
Let $A$ and $X$ be Banach algebras and let $X$ be an algebraic Banach $A-$module. Then the $\ell^1-$direct sum $A\times X$ equipped with the multiplication $$(a,x)(b,y)=(ab, ay+xb+xy)\quad (a,b\in A, x,y\in X)$$ is a Banach algebra, denoted by $A\bowtie X$, which will be called "\textit{a generalized module extension Banach algebra}". Module extension algebras, Lau product and also the direct sum of Banach algebras are the main examples satisfying this framework. We characterize the structure of $n-$dual valued ($n\in\mathbb N)$) derivations on $A\bowtie X$ from which we investigate the $n-$we…
We show that for $n\geq 2$ the $n-$weak amenability of the second dual $\A^{**}$ of a Banach algebra $\A$ implies that of $\A$. We also provide a positive answer for the case $n=1,$ which sharpens some older results. Our method of proof also provides a unified approach to give short proofs for some known results in the case where $n=1$.
Let ${\mathcal A}$ be a Banach algebra with the properties that $\mathrm{rad}({\mathcal A})={\rm rann}({\mathcal A})$ and the algebra ${\mathcal A}/\mathrm{rad}({\mathcal A})$ is commutative. We show that a derivation of ${\mathcal A}$ maps ${\mathcal A}$ into ${\rm rad}({\mathcal A})$. Using this, we determine among other things when a generalized derivation of ${\mathcal A}$ maps ${\mathcal A}$ into ${\rm rad}({\mathcal A})$. We also study $k$-centralizing generalized derivations of ${\mathcal A}$. Then, for a generalized derivation $(δ, d)$ of ${\mathcal A}$ we obtain a necessary and suffic…
In this paper, we introduce and solve the following additive-additive $(s,t)$-functional inequality \begin{eqnarray}\label{0.1} && \|g\left(x+y\right) -g(x) -g(y)\| +\| h(x+y) + h(x-y) -2 h(x) \| && \le \left\|s\left( 2 g\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)-g(x)-g(y)\right)\right\|+ \left\|t \left( 2h\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)+ 2h \left(\frac{x-y}{2}\right)- 2h (x)\right) \right\| , \nonumber \end{eqnarray} where $s$ and $t$ are fixed nonzero complex numbers with $|s| <1$ and $ |t| <1$. Using the direct method and the fixed point method, we prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of Lie bracket derivation-deriva…
We introduce two notions of amenability for a Banach algebra $\cal A$. Let $I$ be a closed two-sided ideal in $\cal A$, we say $\cal A$ is $I$-weakly amenable if the first cohomology group of $\cal A$ with coefficients in the dual space $I^*$ is zero; i.e., $H^1({\cal A},I^*)=\{0\}$, and, $\cal A$ is ideally amenable if $\cal A$ is $I$-weakly amenable for every closed two-sided ideal $I$ in $\cal A$. We relate these concepts to weak amenability of Banach algebras. We also show that ideal amenability is different from amenability and weak amenability. We study the $I$-weak amenability of a Bana…
If $D:A \to X$ is a derivation from a Banach algebra to a contractive, Banach $A$-bimodule, then one can equip $X^{**}$ with an $A^{**}$-bimodule structure, such that the second transpose $D^{**}: A^{**} \to X^{**}$ is again a derivation. We prove an analogous extension result, where $A^{**}$ is replaced by $\F(A)$, the \emph{enveloping dual Banach algebra} of $A$, and $X^{**}$ by an appropriate kind of universal, enveloping, normal dual bimodule of $X$. Using this, we obtain some new characterizations of Connes-amenability of $\F(A)$. In particular we show that $\F(A)$ is Connes-amenable if a…
In this paper, we study the notion of $ϕ$-biflatness, $ϕ$-biprojectivity, approximate biprojectivity and Johnson pseudo-contractibility for a new class of Banach algebras. Using this class of Banach algebras we give some examples which are approximately biprojective. Also some Banach algebras are given among matrix algebras which are never Johnson pseudo-contractible.
Let $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{U}$ be Banach algebras and $θ$ be a nonzero character on $\mathcal{A}$. Then the \textit{Lau product Banach algebra} $\mathcal{A}\times_θ\mathcal{U}$ associated with the Banach algebras $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{U}$ is the $l^1$-direct sum $\mathcal{A}\oplus\mathcal{U}$ equipped with the algebra multiplication $(a,u)(a',u')=(ab,θ(a)u'+θ(a')u+uu')\, (a,a'\in\mathcal{A},u,u'\in\mathcal{U})$ and $l^1$-norm. In this paper we shall investigate the derivations and multipliers from this Banach algebras and study the automatic continuity of these mappings. We also stu…
We introduce two notions of amenability for a Banach algebra $\cal A$. Let $n\in \Bbb N$ and let $I$ be a closed two-sided ideal in $\cal A$, $\cal A$ is $n-I-$weakly amenable if the first cohomology group of $\cal A$ with coefficients in the n-th dual space $I^{(n)}$ is zero; i.e., $H^1({\cal A},I^{(n)})=\{0\}$. Further, $\cal A$ is n-ideally amenable if $\cal A$ is $n-I-$weakly amenable for every closed two-sided ideal $I$ in $\cal A$. We find some relationships of $n-I-$ weak amenability and $m-J-$ weak amenability for some different m and n or for different closed ideals $I$ and $J$ of $\c…
This paper is devoted to the study of unbounded derivations on Banach quasi *-algebras with a particular emphasis to the case when they are infinitesimal generators of one parameter automorphisms groups. Both of them, derivations and automorphisms are considered in a weak sense; i.e., with the use of a certain families of bounded sesquilinear forms. Conditions for a weak *-derivation to be the generator of a *-automorphisms group are given.
This note aims to highlight the link between representable functionals and derivations on a Banach quasi *-algebra, i.e. a mathematical structure that can be seen as the completion of a normed *-algebra in the case the multiplication is only separately continuous. Representable functionals and derivations have been investigated in previous papers for their importance concerning the study of the structure properties of a Banach quasi *-algebra and applications to quantum models.
Introducing the notions of (inner) $σ$-derivation, (inner) $σ$-endomorphism and one-parameter group of $σ$-endomorphisms ($σ$-dynamics) on a Banach algebra, we correspond to each $σ$-dynamics a $σ$-derivation named as its $σ$-infinitesimal generator. We show that the $σ$-infinitesimal generator of a $σ$-dynamics of inner $σ$-endomorphisms is an inner $σ$-derivation and deal with the converse. We also establish a nice generalized Leibniz formula and extend the Kleinenckr--Sirokov theorem for $σ$-derivations under certain conditions.
Read produced the first example of a Banach space $E_{\text{R}}$ such that the associated Banach algebra $\mathscr{B}(E_{\text{R}})$ of bounded operators admits a discontinuous derivation (J. London Math. Soc. 1989). We generalise Read's main theorem about $\mathscr{B}(E_{\text{R}})$ from which he deduced this conclusion, as well as the key technical lemmas that his proof relied on, by constructing a strongly split-exact sequence {0} --> $\mathscr{W}(E_{\text{R}})$ --> $\mathscr{B}(E_{\text{R}})$--> $\tilde{\ell_2}$-->{0}, where $\mathscr{W}(E_{\text{R}})$ denotes the ideal of weakly compact o…
We survey the recent investigations on (bounded, sequential) approximate amenability/contractibility and pseudo-amenability/contractibility for Banach algebras. We will discuss the core problems concerning these notions and address the significance of any solutions to them to the development of the field. A few new results are also included.
In this paper, we study nonlinear embeddings between Banach spaces. More specifically, the goal of this paper is to study weaker versions of coarse and uniform embeddability, and to provide suggestive evidences that those weaker embeddings may be stronger than one would think. We do such by proving that many known results for coarse and uniform embeddings remain valid for those weaker notions of embeddings.
Let $n\in \Bbb N-\{1\},$ and let $A$ be a Banach algebra. An additive map $D: A\to A$ is called n-Jordan derivation if $$D(a^n)=D(a)a^{n-1}+aD(a)a^{n-2}+...+a^{n-2}D(a)a+a^{n-1}D(a),$$ for all $a \in {A}$. Using fixed point methods, we investigate the stability of n--Jordan derivations (n--Jordan $^*-$derivations) on Banach algebras ($C^*-$algebras). Also we show that to each approximate $^*-$Jordan derivation $f$ in a $C^*-$ algebra there corresponds a unique $^*-$derivation near to $f$.
Let $B$ be a Banach $A-bimodule$ and let $n\geq 0$. We investigate the relationships between some cohomological groups of $A$, that is, if the topological center of the left module action $π_\ell:A\times B\rightarrow B$ of $A^{(2n)}$ on $B^{(2n)}$ is $B^{(2n)}$ and $H^1(A^{(2n+2)},B^{(2n+2)})=0$, then we have $H^1(A,B^{(2n)})=0$, and we find the relationships between cohomological groups such as $H^1(A,B^{(n+2)})$ and $H^1(A,B^{(n)})$, spacial $H^1(A,B^*)$ and $H^1(A,B^{(2n+1)})$. We obtain some results in Connes-amenability of Banach algebras, and so for every compact group $G$, we conclude t…
We identify concrete examples of hypercyclic generalised derivations acting on separable ideals of operators and establish some necessary conditions for their hypercyclicity. We also consider the dynamics of elementary operators acting on particular Banach algebras, which reveals surprising hypercyclic behaviour on the space of bounded linear operators on the Banach space constructed by Argyros and Haydon.
In this paper, first we give a simple criterion for the Arens regularity of a bilinear mapping on normed spaces, which applies in particular to Banach module actions and then we investigate those conditions under which the second adjoint of a derivation into a dual Banach module is again a derivation. As a consequence of the main result, a simple and direct proof for several older results is also included.
In this paper we define the module extension dual Banach algebras and we use this Banach algebras to finding the relationship between $weak^*-$continuous homomorphisms of dual Banach algebras and Connes-amenability. So we study the $weak^*-$continuous derivations on module extension dual Banach algebras.
A Banach algebra $A$ is said to be zero Lie product determined if every continuous bilinear functional $φ\colon A\times A\to \mathbb{C}$ satisfying $φ(a,b)=0$ whenever $ab=ba$ is of the form $φ(a,b)=ω(ab-ba)$ for some $ω\in A^*$. We prove that $A$ has this property provided that any of the following three conditions holds: (i) $A$ is a weakly amenable Banach algebra with property $\mathbb{B}$ and having a bounded approximate identity, (ii) every continuous cyclic Jordan derivation from $A$ into $A^*$ is an inner derivation, (iii) $A$ is the algebra of all $n\times n$ matrices, where $n\ge 2$, …
We introduce the notion of Johnson pseudo-Connes amenability for dual Banach algebras. We study the relation between this new notion with the various notions of Connes amenability like Connes amenability, approximate Connes amenability and pseudo Connes amenability. We also investigate some hereditary properties of this new notion. We prove that for a locally compact group $G$, $M(G)$ is Johnson pseudo-Connes amenable if and only if $G$ is amenable. Also we show that for every non-empty set $I$, $\mathbb{M}_I(\mathbb{C})$ under this new notion is forced to have a finite index. Finally, we prov…
In this paper, we countinue our work in \cite{11}. We show that $L^{1}(G,w)$ is $ϕ_{0}$-biprojective if and only if $G$ is compact, where $ϕ_{0}$ is the augmentation character. We introduce the notions of character Johnson amenability and character Johnson contractibility for Banach algebras. We show that $\ell^{1}(S)$ is pseudo-amenable if and only if $\ell^{1}(S)$ is character Johnson-amenable, provided that $S$ is a uniformly locally finite band semigroup. We give some conditions whether $ϕ$-biprojectivity ($ϕ$-biflatness) of $\ell^{1}(S)$ implies the finiteness (amenability) of $S$, respec…
In general Banach spaces, the metric projection map lacks the powerful properties it enjoys in Hilbert spaces. There are a few generalized projections that have been proposed in order to resolve many of the deficiencies of the metric projection. However, such notions are predominantly studied in Banach spaces with rich topological structures, such as uniformly convex Banach spaces. In this paper, we investigate two notions of generalized projection in general Banach spaces. Various examples are provided to demonstrate the proposed notions and the loss of structure in the generalized projection…
The aim of this note is to consider different notions for the Banach-Saks property in locally solid vector lattices as an extension for the known concepts of the Banach-Saks property in Banach lattices. We investigate relations between them; in particular, we shall characterize spaces in which, these notions agree.
Let A be a Banach algebra and let X be a Banach A -bimodule. In studying the bounded Hochschild cohomology groups H^1(A,X) it is often useful to extend a given derivation D: A-> X to a Banach algebra B containing A as an ideal, thereby exploiting (or establishing) hereditary properties. This is usually done using (bounded/unbounded) approximate identities to obtain the extension as a limit of operators b->D(ba)-b.D(a), (a in A) in an appropriate operator topology, the main point in the proof being to show that the limit map is in fact a derivation. In this paper we make clear which part of thi…
Let $A$ be a Banach algebra and $M$ be a Banach right $A$-module. A linear map $δ: M\to M$ is called a generalized derivation if there exists a derivation $d : A \to A$ such that $$δ(xa)=δ(x)a + x d(a) \quad (a \in A, x \in M).$$ In this paper, we associate a triangular Banach algebra ${\mathcal T}$ to Banach $A$-module $M$ and investigate the relation between generalized derivations on $M$ and derivations on ${\mathcal T}$. In particular, we prove that the so-called generalized first cohomology group of $M$ is isomorphic to the first cohomology group of ${\mathcal T}$.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of j-hom-derivation, $j\in\{1,2\}$ and solve the new generalized additive-quadratic functional equations in the sense of ternary Banach algebras. Moreover, using the fixed point method, we prove its Hyers-Ulam stability.
Generalizing the notion of numerical range and numerical radius of an operator on a Banach space, we introduce the notion of joint numerical range and joint numerical radius of tuple of operators on a Banach space. We study the convexity of the joint numerical range. We show that the joint numerical radius defines a norm if and only if the numerical radius defines a norm on the corresponding space. Then we prove that on a finite-dimensional Banach space, the joint numerical radius can be retrieved from the extreme points. Furthermore, we introduce a notion of joint numerical index of a Banach …
New notion of weak amenability, $(φ,ψ)$-weak amenability recently introduced. In this paper we consider this new notion and study $(φ,ψ)$-weak amenability of group algebras $M(G)$, $L^1(G)$ and $S^1(G)$.
We classify several notions of norm attaining Lipschitz maps which were introduced previously, and present the relations among them in order to verify proper inclusions. We also analyze some results for the sets of Lipschitz maps satisfying each of these properties to be dense or not in $\Lip(X,Y)$. For instance, we characterize a Banach space $Y$ with the Radon-Nikodým property in terms of the denseness of norm attaining Lipschitz maps with values in $Y$. Further, we introduce a property called the local directional Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property for Lipschitz compact maps, which extends the…
Let ${\mathcal N}$ be a nest on a complex Banach space $X$ and let $\mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ be the associated nest algebra. We say that an operator $Z\in \mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ is an all-derivable point of $\mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ if every linear map $δ$ from $\mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ into itself derivable at $Z$ (i.e. $δ$ satisfies $δ(A)B+Aδ(B)=δ(Z)$ for any $A,B \in \mbox{ Alg}{\mathcal N}$ with $AB=Z$) is a derivation. In this paper, it is shown that every injective operator and every operator with dense range in $\mbox{Alg}{\mathcal N}$ are all-derivable points of $\mbox{Alg}{\mathcal …
In this paper, we introduce a new notion of biprojectivity, called Connes-biprojective, for dual Banach algebras. We study the relation between this new notion to Connes-amenability and we show that, for a given dual Banach algebra $ \mathcal{A} $, it is Connes-amenable if and only if $ \mathcal{A} $ is Connes-biprojective and has a bounded approximate identity. Also, for an Arens regular Banach algebra $ \mathcal{A} $, we show that if $ \mathcal{A} $ is biprojective, then the dual Banach algebra $ \mathcal{A} ^{**} $ is Connes-biprojective.
The notion of linear Hahn-Banach extension operator was first studied in detail by Heinrich and Mankiewicz (1982). Previously, J. Lindenstrauss (1966) studied similar versions of this notion in the context of non separable reflexive Banach spaces. Subsequently, Sims and Yost (1989) proved the existence of linear Hahn-Banach extension operators via interspersing subspaces in a purely Banach space theoretic set up. In this paper, we study similar questions in the context of Banach modules and module homomorphisms, in particular, Banach algebras of operators on Banach spaces. Based on Dales, Kani…
We first unify all notions of partial injectivity appearing in the literature ---(universal) separable injectivity, (universal) $\aleph$-injectivity --- in the notion of $(α, β)$-injectivity ($(α, β)_λ$-injectivity if the parameter $λ$ has to be specified). Then, extend the notion of space of universal disposition to space of universal $(α, β)$-disposition. Finally, we characterize the $1$-complemented subspaces of spaces of universal $(α, β)$-disposition as precisely the spaces $(α, β)_1$-injective.
In this paper, we study the hereditary properties of module $(ϕ,φ)$-amenability on Banach algebras. We also define the concept of module character contractibility for Banach algebras and obtain characterizations of module character contractible Banach algebras in terms of the existence of module $(ϕ,φ)$-diagonals. We introduce module approximately character amenable Banach algebras. Finally, for every inverse semigroup $S$ with subsemigroup $E$ of idempotents, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for the $\ell^1(S)$ and its second dual to be module approximate character amenable (as a $…
In this paper, we introduce the new notion of strong pseudo-Connes amenability for dual Banach algebras. We study the relation between this new notion to the various notions of Connes amenability. Also we show that for every non-empty set $I$, $M_I(\mathbb{C})$ is strong pseudo-Connes amenable if and only if $I$ is finite. We provide some examples of certain dual Banach algebras and we study its strong pseudo-Connes amenability. In the last section, we investigate the property ultra central approximate identity for a Banach algebra $\mathcal{A}$ and its second dual $\mathcal{A}^{**}$. Also we …
In this paper, we study some cohomlogical properties of Banach algebras. For a Banach algebra $A$ and a Banach $A$-bimodule $B$, we investigate the vanishing of the first Hochschild cohomology groups $H^1(A^n,B^m)$ and $H_{w^*}^1(A^n,B^m)$, where $0\leq m,n\leq 3$. For amenable Banach algebra $A$, we show that there are Banach $A$-bimodules $C$, $D$ and elements $\mathfrak{a}, \mathfrak{b}\in A^{**}$ such that $$Z^1(A,C^*)=\{R_{D^{\prime\prime}(\mathfrak{a})}:~D\in Z^1(A,C^*)\}=\{L_{D^{\prime\prime}(\mathfrak{b})}:~D\in Z^1(A,D^*)\}.$$ where, for every $b\in B$, $L_{b}(a)=ba$ and $R_{b}(a)=a b…