arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2109.13428astro-ph.SRastro-ph.IM
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基于混合卷积神经网络的太阳耀斑细粒度预测

Fine-grained Solar Flare Forecasting Based on the Hybrid Convolutional Neural Networks

Zheng Deng, Feng Wang, Hui Deng, Lei Tan, Linhua Deng, Song Feng

摘要:

提高太阳耀斑的预报性能是太阳物理研究领域的一个热点。近年来,深度学习被认为是执行太阳耀斑预测的一种有前途的方法。我们首先使用生成对抗网络(GAN)技术来增强样本数据,以平衡具有不同耀斑类别的样本。然后,我们提出了一个混合卷积神经网络(CNN)模型M预测耀斑爆发的太阳活动周期。在此基础上,进一步研究了上升相和下降相对耀斑预报的影响。两个CNN模型,即,Mrp和Mdp分别用于预测第24周太阳活动上升期和下降期的太阳耀斑爆发。一系列的测试结果证明:1)样本平衡对CNN模型的稳定性至关重要。GAN生成的增广数据有效地提高了预测模型的稳定性。2)利用太阳动力学观测站(SDO)的视线(LOS)磁图对C级、M级和X级耀斑进行预报,M的TSS平均值分别为0.646、0.653和0.762,比以往的研究提高了20.1%、22.3%和38.0%。3)在太阳活动周期的上升和下降阶段分别建立耀斑预报模型是有价值的。与M模型相比,Mrp模型对无耀斑、C级、M级和X级耀斑的TSS评分均值分别提高了5.9%、9.4%、17.9%和13.1%,Mdp模型对Mdp的TSS评分均值分别提高了1.5%、2.6%、11.5%和12.2%。

英文摘要:

Improving the performance of solar flare forecasting is a hot topic in solar physics research field. Deep learning has been considered a promising approach to perform solar flare forecasting in recent years. We first used the Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) technique augmenting sample data to balance samples with different flare classes. We then proposed a hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN) model M for forecasting flare eruption in a solar cycle. Based on this model, we further investigated the effects of the rising and declining phases for flare forecasting. Two CNN models, i.e., Mrp and Mdp, were presented to forecast solar flare eruptions in the rising phase and declining phase of solar cycle 24, respectively. A series of testing results proved: 1) Sample balance is critical for the stability of the CNN model. The augmented data generated by GAN effectively improved the stability of the forecast model. 2) For C-class, M-class, and X-class flare forecasting using Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) line-of-sight (LOS) magnetograms, the means of true skill statistics (TSS) score of M are 0.646, 0.653 and 0.762, which improved by 20.1%, 22.3%, 38.0% compared with previous studies. 3) It is valuable to separately model the flare forecasts in the rising and declining phases of a solar cycle. Compared with model M, the means of TSS score for No-flare, C-class, M-class, X-class flare forecasting of the Mrp improved by 5.9%, 9.4%, 17.9% and 13.1%, and the Mdp improved by 1.5%, 2.6%, 11.5% and 12.2%.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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