We prove several results concerning the intersection cohomology and the perverse filtration associated with a Lagrangian fibration of an irreducible symplectic variety. We first show that the perverse numbers only depend on the deformation equivalence class of the ambient variety. Then we compute the border of the perverse diamond, which further yields a complete description of the intersection cohomology of the Lagrangian base and the invariant cohomology classes of the fibers. Lastly, we identify the perverse and Hodge numbers of intersection cohomology when the irreducible symplectic variety admits a symplectic resolution. These results generalize some earlier work by the second and third authors in the nonsingular case.
In this article we construct Lagrangian torus fibrations for general quintic \cy hypersurfaces near the large complex limit and their mirror manifolds using gradient flow method. Then we prove the Strominger-Yau-Zaslow mirror conjecture for this class of \cy manifolds in symplectic category.
K-polystability is, on the one hand, conjecturally equivalent to the existence of certain canonical Kähler metrics on polarised varieties, and, on the other hand, conjecturally gives the correct notion to form moduli. We introduce a notion of stability for families of K-polystable varieties, extending the classical notion of slope stability of a bundle, viewed as a family of K-polystable varieties via the associated projectivisation. We conjecture that this is the correct condition for forming moduli of fibrations. Our main result relates this stability condition to Kähler geometry: we prove t…
In this paper we complete the classification of the elliptic fibrations on K3 surfaces which admit a non-symplectic involution acting trivially on the Néron--Severi group. We use the geometric method introduced by Oguiso and moreover we provide a geometric construction of the fibrations classified. If the non-symplectic involution fixes at least one curve of genus 1, we relate all the elliptic fibrations on the K3 surface with either elliptic fibrations or generalized conic bundles on rational elliptic surfaces. This description allows us to write the Weierstrass equations of the elliptic fibr…
A projective symplectic variety $\mathcal{P}$ of dimension 6, with only finite quotient singularities, $π(\mathcal{P})=0$ and $h^{(2,0)}(\mathcal{P}_{smooth})=1$, is described as a relative compactified Prym variety of a family of genus 4 curves with involution. It is a Lagrangian fibration associated to a K3 surface double cover of a generic cubic surface. It has no symplectic desingularization.
We investigate the stability of fibers of coisotropic fibrations on holomorphic symplectic manifolds and generalize Voisin's result on Lagrangian subvarieties to this framework. We present applications to the moduli space of holomorphic symplectic manifolds which are deformations equivalent to Hilbert schemes of points on a $K3$ surface or to generalized Kummer manifolds.
Given a projective irreducible symplectic manifold $M$ of dimension $2n$, a projective manifold $X$ and a surjective holomorphic map $f:M \to X$ with connected fibers of positive dimension, we prove that $X$ is biholomorphic to the projective space of dimension $n$. The proof is obtained by exploiting two geometric structures at general points of $X$: the affine structure arising from the action variables of the Lagrangian fibration $f$ and the structure defined by the variety of minimal rational tangents on the Fano manifold $X$.
In this paper we give an explicit construction of a symplectic Lefschetz fibration whose total space is a smooth compact four dimensional manifold with a prescribed fundamental group. We also study the numerical properties of the sections in symplectic Lefschetz fibrations and their relation to the structure of the monodromy group.
A holomorphic Lagrangian fibration on a holomorphically symplectic manifold is a holomorphic map with Lagrangian fibers. It is known that a given compact manifold admits only finitely many holomorphic symplectic structures, up to deformation. We prove that a given compact manifold with $b_2 \geq 7$ admits only finitely many deformation types of holomorphic Lagrangian fibrations. We also prove that all known hyperkahler manifolds are never Kobayashi hyperbolic.
Lefschetz fibration is the symplectic analogue of stable holomorphic fibration in complex geometry. A 4-dimensional stable holomorphic fibration satisfies the famous Parshin-Arakelov inequality. In this note we present an analogous inequality for a 4-dimensional Lefschetz fibration.
Let $Y$ be a smooth hypersurface in a projective irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifold $X$ of dimension $2n$. The characteristic foliation $F$ is the kernel of the symplectic form restricted to $Y$. Assume that $X$ is equipped with a Lagrangian fibration $π:X\to B$ and $Y=π^{-1}D$, where $D$ is a hypersurface in $B$. It is easy to see that the leaves of $F$ are contained in the fibers of $π$. We prove that a very general leaf is Zariski dense in a fiber of $π$.
Nikulin has classified all finite abelian groups acting symplectically on a K3 surface and he has shown that the induced action on the K3 lattice $U^3\oplus E_8(-1)^2$ depends only on the group but not on the K3 surface. For all the groups in the list of Nikulin we compute the invariant sublattice and its orthogonal complement by using some special elliptic K3 surfaces.
We show that hyperelliptic symplectic Lefschetz fibrations are symplectically birational to two-fold covers of rational ruled surfaces, branched in a symplectically embedded surface. This reduces the classification of genus 2 fibrations to the classification of certain symplectic submanifolds in rational ruled surfaces.
We classify complex K3 surfaces of zero entropy admitting an elliptic fibration with only irreducible fibers. These surfaces are characterized by the fact that they admit a unique elliptic fibration with infinite automorphism group. We furnish an explicit list of 32 Néron-Severi lattices corresponding to such surfaces. Incidentally, we are able to decide which of these 32 classes of surfaces admit a unique genus 1 fibration. Finally, we prove that all K3 surfaces with Picard rank >=19 and infinite automorphism group have positive entropy.
Let X be an irreducible symplectic manifold and Def(X) the Kuranishi space. Assume that X admits a Lagrangian fibration. We prove that X can be deformed preserving a Lagrangian fibration. More precisely, there exists a smooth hypersurface H of Def(X) such that the restriction family over H admits a family of Lagrangian fibrations over H.
A theorem of Graber, Harris, and Starr states that a rationally connected fibration over a curve has a section. We study an analogous question in symplectic geometry. Namely, given a rationally connected fibration over a curve, can one find a section which gives a non-zero Gromov-Witten invariant? We observe that for any fibration, the existence of a section which gives a non-zero Gromov-Witten invariant only depends on the generic fiber, i.e. a variety defined over the function field of a curve. Some examples of rationally connected fibrations with this property are given, including all ratio…
We analyze K3 surfaces admitting an elliptic fibration $E$ and a finite group $G$ of symplectic automorphisms preserving this elliptic fibration. We construct the quotient elliptic fibration $E/G$ comparing its properties to the ones of $E$. We show that if $E$ admits an $n$-torsion section, its quotient by the group of automorphisms induced by this section admits again an $n$-torsion section. Considering automorphisms coming from the base of the fibration, we can describe the Mordell--Weil lattice of a fibration described by Kloosterman. We give the isometries between lattices described by th…
We prove upper bounds for the number of critical points in semistable symplectic Lefschetz fibrations. We also obtain a new lower bound for the number of nonseparting vanishing cycles in Lefschetz pencils, and reprove the known lower bounds for the commutator lengths of Dehn twists.
We consider fibrations by affine lines on smooth affine surfaces obtained as complements of smooth rational curves $B$ in smooth projective surfaces $X$ defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We observe that except for two exceptions, these surfaces $X \setminus B$ admit infinitely many families of $\mathbb{A}^1$-fibrations over the projective line with irreducible fibers and a unique singular fiber of arbitrarily large multiplicity. For $\mathbb{A}^1$-fibrations over the affine line, we give a new and essentially self-contained proof that the set of equivalence cla…
In this paper we are interested in the isotopy classes of symplectic log Calabi-Yau divisors in a fixed symplectic rational surface. We give several equivalent definitions and prove the stability, finiteness and rigidity results. Motivated by the problem of counting toric actions, we obtain a general counting formula of symplectic log Calabi-Yau divisors in a restrictive region of $c_1$-nef cone. A detailed count in the case of 2- and 3-point blow-ups of complex projective space for all symplectic forms is also given. In our framework the complexity of the combinatorics of analyzing Delzant po…
By results of the author there exists a projective (holomorphic) symplectic desingularization of the moduli space of rank-two torsion-free sheaves on a genus-two Jacobian with $c_1=0$ and $c_2=2$. This desingularization has a natural map to the self-product of the Jacobian. We show that the fiber over $(0,0)$ is a 6-dimensional projective irreducible symplectic variety (and hence a 12-dimensional compact Hyperkahler manifold) with second Betti number equal to 8. Thus it is not deformation equivalent to any of the (few) known examples of irreducible symplectic varieties, even up to birational e…
We introduce the $2$-nodal spherical deformation of certain singular fibers of genus $2$ fibrations, and use such deformations to construct various examples of simply connected minimal symplectic $4$-manifolds with small topology. More specifically, we construct new exotic minimal symplectic $4$-manifolds homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to ${\mathbb{CP}}^{2}\#6({\overline{\mathbb{CP}}^{2}})$, ${\mathbb{CP}}^{2}\#7({\overline{\mathbb{CP}}^{2}})$, and $3{\mathbb{CP}}^{2}\#k({\overline{\mathbb{CP}}^{2}})$ for $k=16, 17, 18, 19$ using combinations of such deformations, symplectic blowups, and (…
In this paper we analyse the birational geometry of O'Grady ten dimensional manifolds, giving a characterisation of Kaehler classes and lagrangian fibrations. Moreover, we study symplectic compactifications of intermediate jacobian fibrations of smooth cubic fourfolds.
We address the problem of classification of hyper-Kähler fourfolds with $b_2=23$. In particular we prove some special cases of the Conjecture of O'Grady about hyper-Kähler $4$-folds numerically equivalent to the Hilbert scheme of two points on a $K3$ surface.
First steps towards a classification of irreducible symplectic 4-folds whose integral 2-cohomology with 4-tuple cup product is isomorphic to that of Hilb^2(K3). We prove that any such 4-fold deforms to an irreducible symplectic 4-fold of Type A or Type B. A 4-fold of Type A is a double cover of a (singular) sextic hypersurface and a 4-fold of Type B is birational to a hypersurface of degree at most 12. We conjecture that 4-folds of Type B do not exist.
The generic fiber of a Lagrangian fibration on an irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifold is an abelian variety. Associate a polarization type to such Lagrangian fibrations coming from polarizations on a generic fiber. We prove that this polarization type is constant in families of Lagrangian fibrations. Further, we determine the polarization type of K3^[n]-type fibrations and conjecture that the polarization type should only depend on the deformation type of the total space.
We construct fiber-preserving anti-symplectic involutions for a large class of symplectic manifolds with Lagrangian torus fibrations. In particular, we treat the K3 surface and the quintic threefold. We interpret our results as corroboration of the view that in homological mirror symmetry, an anti-symplectic involution is the mirror of duality. In the same setting, we construct fiber-preserving symplectomorphisms that can be interpreted as the mirror to twisting by a holomorphic line bundle.
We give a method to construct singular Lagrangian 3-torus fibrations over certain a priori given integral affine manifolds with singularities, which we call simple. The main result of this article is the proof that the topological Calabi-Yau compactifications of M. Gross' "Topological Mirror Symmetry", can be made into symplectic compactifications. As an example, we obtain a pair of compact symplectic 6-manifolds together with Lagrangian fibrations whose underlying affine structures are dual. The symplectic manifolds obtained are homeomorphic to a smooth quintic Calabi-Yau 3-fold and its mirro…
We describe certain Lagrangian fibrations by Prym varieties on holomorphic symplectic varieties that deform to compactifications of Sp-Hitchin systems.
As was recently pointed out by McMullen and Taubes [Math. Res. Lett. 6 (1999) 681-696], there are 4-manifolds for which the diffeomorphism group does not act transitively on the deformation classes of orientation-compatible symplectic structures. This note points out some other 4-manifolds with this property which arise as the orientation-reversed versions of certain complex surfaces constructed by Kodaira [J. Analyse Math. 19 (1967) 207-215]. While this construction is arguably simpler than that of McMullen and Taubes, its simplicity comes at a price: the examples exhibited herein all have la…
The base surface $B$ of a Lagrangian fibration $X\twoheadrightarrow B$ of a projective, irreducible symplectic fourfold $X$ is shown to be isomorphic to ${\mathbb P}^2$.
In this note, we verify that the complex Kodaira dimension $κ^h$ equals the symplectic Kodaira dimension $κ^s$ for smooth 4-manifolds with complex and symplectic structures. We also calculate the Kodaira dimension for many Lefschetz fibrations.
We establish constraints on the topology of smooth Lefschetz fibrations with $4$-dimensional fibers, by studying the family Bauer-Furuta invariant. To compute this invariant, we analyze the framed bordism class of 1-dimensional Seiberg-Witten moduli spaces using the local index theorem by Bismut-Freed. Using this, we deduce new obstructions to the smooth isotopy to the identity for compositions of Dehn twists on $(-2)$-spheres in closed $4$-manifolds. We obtain several applications: (1) We exhibit the first examples of closed simply-connected symplectic $4$-manifolds admitting Torelli symplect…
Let $X$ be a compact Riemann surface of genus $g \geq 2$, and let $D \subset X$ be a fixed finite subset. Let $\mathcal{M}(r,d,α)$ denote the moduli space of stable parabolic $G$-bundles (where $G$ is a complex orthogonal or symplectic group) of rank $r$, degree $d$ and weight type $α$ over $X$. Hitchin discovered that the cotangent bundle of the moduli space of stable bundles on an algebraic curve is an algebraically completely integrable system fibered, over a space of invariant polynomials, either by a Jacobian or a Prym variety of spectral curves. In this paper we study the Hitchin fibers …
In this paper we study the Lagrangian fibrations for projective irreducible symplectic fourfolds and exclude the case of non-smooth base. Our method could be extended to the higher-dimensional cases.
We study holomorphic symplectic manifolds which are fibred by abelian varieties. This structure is a higher dimensional analogue of an elliptic fibration on a K3 surface. We investigate when a holomorphic symplectic manifold is fibred in this way, and are led to several natural conjectures. We then study the geometry of these fibrations. The expectation is that this point of view will prove useful in understanding holomorphic symplectic manifolds, and possibly lead to a classification.
We study the global geometry of the ten dimensional O'Grady irreducible symplectic variety. We determine its second Betti number, its Beauville form and its Fujiki constant.
We prove that every irreducible component of a fibre of a complex Lagrangian fibration is Lagrangian subvariety. Especially, complex Lagrangian fibations are equidimensional.
In this article we give formulas for the Riemann-Roch number of a symplectic quotient arising as the reduced space corresponding to a coadjoint orbit (for an orbit close to 0) as an evaluation of cohomology classes over the reduced space at 0. This formula exhibits the dependence of the Riemann-Roch number on the Lie algebra variable which specifies the orbit. We also express the formula as a sum over the components of the fixed point set of the maximal torus. Our proof applies to Hamiltonian G-manifolds even if they do not have a compatible Kahler structure, using the definition of quantisati…
