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arXiv 2107.09381astro-ph.GAastro-ph.IM
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分层和混合星际冰类似物中CH $_3$ OH的光谱测量

Spectroscopic measurements of CH$_3$OH in layered and mixed interstellar ice analogues

B. Müller, B. M. Giuliano, M. Goto, P. Caselli

摘要:

上下文星际冰幔的分子组成由分子云中的气体颗粒过程定义,主要成分是$H_2O$、$CO$和$CO_2$。检测到$CH_3OH$冰朝向密集区域,在密集区域中大量的$CO$冻结并被氢化。来自附近原恒星的热量可以进一步改变冰的结构和成分。尽管对分子云和沿着原恒星位置线的冰特征进行了几次观测,但尚不清楚星际冰是否混合或是否具有分层结构。目标。我们的目标是研究混合和层状冰生长在冰地幔类似物的影响,重点是甲醇红外波段的位置和形状,因此未来的观测可以揭示不同环境中星际冰的结构。方法.混合和分层的冰样品沉积在保持在T = 10 K的冷基板上,使用放置在真空室中的封闭循环低温恒温器。通过FTIR光谱分析了其光谱特征。研究了冰幔中最丰富的四种分子,即$H_2O$、$CO$、$CO_2$和$CH_3OH$的不同比例,并特别注意对$CH_3OH$谱带的分析。结果我们测量的CH和CO伸缩带的$CH_3OH$的位置和形状的变化取决于混合或分层性质的冰样品。甲醇的光谱特征也被发现由于加热而改变。结论.层状冰结构最好地再现了最近观察到的朝向前恒星核心和恒星形成区域的$CH_3OH$带位置。基于我们的实验结果,我们得出结论,观测$CH_3OH$冰可以提供有关星际冰的结构信息,我们希望JWST把严格的限制在不同的星际环境中的冰的分层或混合性质。

英文摘要:

Context. The molecular composition of interstellar ice mantles is defined by gas-grain processes in molecular clouds, with the main components being $H_2O$, $CO$, and $CO_2$. $CH_3OH$ ice is detected towards the denser regions, where large amounts of $CO$ freeze out and get hydrogenated. Heating from nearby protostars can further change the ice structure and composition. Despite the several observations of icy features towards molecular clouds and along the line of site of protostars, it is not yet clear if interstellar ices are mixed or if they have a layered structure. Aims. We aim to examine the effect of mixed and layered ice growth in ice mantle analogues, with focus on the position and shape of methanol infrared bands, so future observations could shed light on the structure of interstellar ices in different environments. Methods. Mixed and layered ice samples were deposited on a cold substrate kept at T = 10 K using a closed-cycle cryostat placed in a vacuum chamber. The spectroscopic features were analysed by FTIR spectroscopy. Different proportions of the most abundant four molecules in ice mantles, namely $H_2O$, $CO$, $CO_2$, and $CH_3OH$, were investigated, with special attention on the analysis of the $CH_3OH$ bands. Results. We measure changes in the position and shape of the CH and CO stretching bands of $CH_3OH$ depending on the mixed or layered nature of the ice sample. Spectroscopic features of methanol are also found to change due to heating. Conclusions. A layered ice structure best reproduces the $CH_3OH$ band position recently observed towards a pre-stellar core and in star-forming regions. Based on our experimental results, we conclude that observations of $CH_3OH$ ices can provide information about the structure of interstellar ices, and we expect JWST to put stringent constraints on the layered or mixed nature of ices in different interstellar environments.

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