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arXiv 2106.04593astro-ph.GA
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星际冰的Cosmic Ray诱导脱附的修正描述

A Revised Description of the Cosmic Ray-Induced Desorption of Interstellar Ices

O. Sipilä, K. Silsbee, P. Caselli

备注：
Accepted to ApJ; note significant changes to the model results compared to the version of the paper previously posted on arXiv, especially for low volume densities and for the three-phase ice models, induced by the addition of an upper limit to the CRD rate
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摘要：

冰在星际颗粒上的非热脱附需要解释在冷密云中的气相中不能有效合成的分子的观测结果。也许最重要的非热脱附机制是由宇宙射线（CR）引起的，当宇宙射线穿过颗粒时，将其瞬时加热到高温-颗粒通过冰的（部分）升华冷却回到其原始平衡温度。目前的宇宙射线诱导解吸（CRD）模型假设一个固定的晶粒冷却时间。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个修订的描述CRD中的解吸效率动态地依赖于冰含量。我们适用于修订后的解吸方案，两相和三相化学模型的物理条件下，对应于无星和星前的核心，和分子云信封。我们发现，在星核和星前核，引入动态CRD可以减少气相丰度的数量级在两相化学模型。在三相化学模型中，我们的模型产生了与静态冷却方案非常相似的结果-当只有一个单层的冰被认为是活跃的。冰的丰度通常对颗粒冷却时间的变化不敏感。进一步改进的CRD模型需要考虑到额外的影响，在瞬态加热的晶粒，引入例如通过光谱的CR能量。

英文摘要：

Non-thermal desorption of ices on interstellar grains is required to explain observations of molecules that are not synthesized efficiently in the gas phase in cold dense clouds. Perhaps the most important non-thermal desorption mechanism is one induced by cosmic rays (CRs), which, when passing through a grain, heat it transiently to a high temperature - the grain cools back to its original equilibrium temperature via the (partial) sublimation of the ice. Current cosmic-ray-induced desorption (CRD) models assume a fixed grain cooling time. In this work we present a revised description of CRD in which the desorption efficiency depends dynamically on the ice content. We apply the revised desorption scheme to two-phase and three-phase chemical models in physical conditions corresponding to starless and prestellar cores, and to molecular cloud envelopes. We find that inside starless and prestellar cores, introducing dynamic CRD can decrease gas-phase abundances by up to an order of magnitude in two-phase chemical models. In three-phase chemical models our model produces very similar results to the static cooling scheme - when only one monolayer of ice is considered active. Ice abundances are generally insensitive to variations in the grain cooling time. Further improved CRD models need to take into account additional effects in the transient heating of the grains, introduced for example by the adoption of a spectrum of CR energies.

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