发表机构
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen; Center for Astrochemical Studies, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik; Department of Bioscience, Technical University of Munich; Síntesis y Mecanismos de Reacción en Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle; Semillero de investigación en Astroquímica y Astrobiología (AstroLUCA), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre; HUN-REN Institute for Nuclear Research; Institute of Chemistry, University of Debrecen; Astronomical Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences（格罗宁根大学泽尔尼克高级材料研究所; 马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所天体化学研究中心; 慕尼黑工业大学生物科学系; 瓦尔莱大学化学系有机化学反应合成与机理; 瓦尔莱大学化学系天体化学与天体生物学研究种子团队（AstroLUCA）; 自由大学健康科学学院; 匈牙利研究与创新网络核子研究所; 德布勒森大学化学研究所; 斯洛伐克科学院天文研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过2 keV电子辐照20 K层状乙醇胺-水-甲醇冰并配合程序升温脱附，发现可生成CO、CO₂、H₂CO、H₂O₂、NH₃、OCN⁻等含氧含氮产物，为星际颗粒包层辐射化学提供实验室约束。
AI 中文摘要
乙醇胺（EtA）是一种近期探测到的星际复杂有机分子，也是更具功能化的含氮物种的潜在前体。我们研究了沉积在20 K下的层状EtA–H$_2$O–CH$_3$OH冰的电子驱动化学，结合2 keV电子辐照与随后的程序升温脱附（TPD），同时通过中红外光谱监测固相。这些受控辐照条件代表了星际颗粒包层内结构和能量条件的简化实验室模拟。升温过程中释放的挥发性产物通过四极杆质谱跟踪，最终残留物通过异位电喷雾电离质谱（ESI-MS）分析。辐照产生了典型的经加工的富甲醇和富水冰的辐射分解产物，包括CO、CO$_2$、H$_2$CO、H$_2$O$_2$、NH$_3$和OCN$^{-}$。还观察到与甲酸和聚甲醛类物质一致的谱带，表明在层状体系中，羰基化学和甲醛驱动的低聚反应可与碎片化同时发生。与氯化胆碱–H$_2$O参考物的比较揭示了与甲基化EtA衍生物和/或胆碱类物种兼容的特征的出现，而ESI-MS显示残留物中存在更高的$m/z$质量族，这些在基底/背景空白中未重现。然而，光谱拥挤和基质效应阻碍了胆碱的明确归属。我们的结果表明，含EtA冰的高能处理可以生成多样化的含氧和含氮产物库，为理想化条件下冷、辐照颗粒包层中的辐射化学提供了实验室约束。
英文摘要
Ethanolamine (EtA) is a recently detected interstellar complex organic molecule and a potential precursor to more functionalised N-bearing species. We investigate the electron-driven chemistry of layered EtA--H$_2$O--CH$_3$OH ices deposited at 20~K, combining 2~keV electron irradiation with subsequent temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) while monitoring the solid phase by mid-infrared spectroscopy. These controlled irradiation conditions represent a simplified laboratory analogue of the structural and energetic conditions within interstellar grain mantles. Volatile products released during warming were followed by quadrupole mass spectrometry, and the final residue was analysed by \textit{ex situ} electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Irradiation produces abundant radiolysis products typical of processed methanol- and water-rich ices, including CO, CO$_2$, H$_2$CO, H$_2$O$_2$, NH$_3$, and OCN$^{-}$. Bands consistent with formic acid and polyoxymethylene-like material are also observed, indicating that carbonyl chemistry and formaldehyde-driven oligomerisation can occur alongside fragmentation in the layered system. Comparison with a choline chloride--H$_2$O reference reveals the emergence of features compatible with methylated EtA derivatives and/or choline-like species, while ESI-MS shows higher-$m/z$ mass families in the residue that are not reproduced in the substrate/background blank. However, spectral congestion and matrix effects preclude an unambiguous assignment of choline. Our results show that energetic processing of EtA-containing ices can generate a diverse inventory of O- and N-bearing products, providing laboratory constraints on radiation chemistry in cold, irradiated grain mantles under idealised conditions.
Comments16 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
