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arXiv 2207.14005astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EPastro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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通过宇宙射线更好地理解冰地幔解吸

Towards a better understanding of ice mantle desorption by cosmic rays

Jonathan M. C. Rawlings

摘要:

宇宙射线加热引起的星际冰解吸的标准模型是基于经典(0.1微米)尘埃颗粒的冰幔成分的零星解吸的连续表示。这已被重新评估和开发,包括跟踪解吸通过(扩展)晶粒冷却配置文件,考虑晶粒尺寸的依赖性和限制的效率。然后构建了一个模型来研究真实的,零星的,过程的性质与可能的津贴从物种共同解吸和整个地幔解吸非常小的颗粒。这项研究的关键结果是,解吸率是高度不确定的,但几乎可以肯定的是,明显大于先前确定的。对于典型的星际晶粒尺寸分布,它被发现,解吸占主导地位的最小的颗粒的贡献。零星解吸模型表明,如果宇宙射线撞击之间的间隔与冻结时间尺度相当或小于冻结时间尺度,则连续表示不适用;化学变化可能发生在非常长的时间尺度上,导致强烈的气相化学富集,对宇宙射线通量具有非常非线性的依赖性。包括甚至有限水平的物质共解吸和/或来自非常小的颗粒的贡献进一步提高了速率,特别是对于诸如H2O的物质。在一般情况下,我们发现宇宙射线加热是在黑暗环境中的主要解吸机制。这些结果可能对原恒星和原行星环境具有重要的化学意义。

英文摘要:

The standard model of cosmic ray heating-induced desorption of interstellar ices is based on a continuous representation of the sporadic desorption of ice mantle components from classical (0.1 micron) dust grains. This has been re-evaluated and developed to include tracking the desorption through (extended) grain cooling profiles, consideration of grain size-dependencies and constraints to the efficiencies. A model was then constructed to study the true, sporadic, nature of the process with possible allowances from species co-desorption and whole mantle desorption from very small grains. The key results from the study are that the desorption rates are highly uncertain, but almost certainly significantly larger than have been previously determined. For typical interstellar grain size distributions it is found that the desorption is dominated by the contributions from the smallest grains. The sporadic desorption model shows that, if the interval between cosmic ray impacts is comparable to, or less than, the freeze-out timescale, the continuous representation is inapplicable; chemical changes may occur on very long timescales, resulting in strong gas phase chemical enrichments that have very non-linear dependences on the cosmic ray flux. The inclusion of even limited levels of species co-desorption and/or the contribution from very small grains further enhances the rates, especially for species such as H2O. In general we find that cosmic-ray heating is the dominant desorption mechanism in dark environments. These results may have important chemical implications for protostellar and protoplanetary environments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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