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arXiv 1801.04846astro-ph.SR
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甲醇冰共解吸作为解释冷甲醇在气相中的机制

Methanol ice co-desorption as a mechanism to explain cold methanol in the gas-phase

N. F. W. Ligterink, C. Walsh, R. G. Bhuin, S. Vissapragada, J. Terwisscha van Scheltinga, H. Linnartz

摘要:

甲醇是通过冰尘颗粒的表面反应形成的。在低于其热解吸温度的温度下,也可在气相中检测到甲醇,其水平高于纯气相化学。在寒冷的环境中控制从固态到气相甲醇的转变的过程还不清楚。这项工作的目标是调查是否热CO解吸提供了一个间接的途径,甲醇共解吸在低温下。混合CH $_{3}$ OH:CO/CH $_{4}$冰在UHV(超高真空)条件下加热,并使用RAIRS(反射吸收红外光谱)追踪冰含量,同时通过质谱检测解吸物质。一个更新的气体颗粒化学网络被用来测试这些实验结果的影响。所使用的物理模型是适用于TW Hya,原行星盘,其中冷气相甲醇最近被检测到。甲醇释放与热CO解吸一起被发现是一个无效的过程中的实验,导致在上限的$\leq$ 7.3 $\times$ 10 $^{-7}$ CH 3OH分子每CO分子在所有的冰混合物考虑。基于上限的化学建模表明,低至10个$^{-6}$ CH $_{3}$ OH分子/CO分子的共解吸速率足够高,以在原行星盘中的CO热解吸前缘的位置处和周围向气相释放大量甲醇。比较了CH 3OH与CO作为颗粒-气体桥机制的热共脱附与UV诱导的光脱附和化学吸附的影响。

英文摘要:

Methanol is formed via surface reactions on icy dust grains. Methanol is also detected in the gas-phase at temperatures below its thermal desorption temperature and at levels higher than can be explained by pure gas-phase chemistry. The process that controls the transition from solid state to gas-phase methanol in cold environments is not understood. The goal of this work is to investigate whether thermal CO desorption provides an indirect pathway for methanol to co-desorb at low temperatures. Mixed CH$_{3}$OH:CO/CH$_{4}$ ices were heated under UHV (ultra-high vacuum) conditions and ice contents are traced using RAIRS (reflection absorption IR spectroscopy), while desorbing species were detected mass spectrometrically. An updated gas-grain chemical network was used to test the impact of the results of these experiments. The physical model used is applicable for TW Hya, a protoplanetary disk in which cold gas-phase methanol has recently been detected. Methanol release together with thermal CO desorption is found to be an ineffective process in the experiments, resulting in an upper limit of $\leq$ 7.3 $\times$ 10$^{-7}$ CH3OH molecules per CO molecule over all ice mixtures considered. Chemical modelling based on the upper limits shows that co-desorption rates as low as 10$^{-6}$ CH$_{3}$OH molecules per CO molecule are high enough to release substantial amounts of methanol to the gas-phase at and around the location of the CO thermal desorption front in a protoplanetary disk. The impact of thermal co-desorption of CH3OH with CO as a grain-gas bridge mechanism is compared with that of UV induced photodesorption and chemisorption.

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