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arXiv 2105.04035cs.DS
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带小项的背包与子集和

Knapsack and Subset Sum with Small Items

Adam Polak, Lars Rohwedder, Karol Węgrzycki

摘要:

背包问题与子集和问题是组合优化中的基本NP-难问题。最近有越来越多的兴趣了解这些问题的最佳可能的伪多项式运行时间相对于各种参数。在本文中,我们专注于最大项目大小$s$和最大项目价值$v$。我们给出的算法,在时间$O(n + s^3)$和$O(n + v^3)$的背包问题,并在时间$\tilde{O}(n + s^{5/3})$的子集和问题。我们的算法适用于具有多重性的更一般的问题变体,其中每个输入项都具有(二进制编码的)多重性,这简洁地描述了该项在实例中出现的次数。在这些变体中,$n$表示不同项目的数量(可能小得多)。我们的结果来自于组合和优化几种不同的研究路线,特别是Eisenbrand和Weismantel(TALG 2019)的整数规划的邻近参数,Kellerer和Pferschy的快速结构化$(\min,+)$ -卷积(J. Comb. Optim. 2004),以及源自Galil和Margalit(SICOMP 1991)的加性组合方法。

英文摘要:

Knapsack and Subset Sum are fundamental NP-hard problems in combinatorial optimization. Recently there has been a growing interest in understanding the best possible pseudopolynomial running times for these problems with respect to various parameters. In this paper we focus on the maximum item size $s$ and the maximum item value $v$. We give algorithms that run in time $O(n + s^3)$ and $O(n + v^3)$ for the Knapsack problem, and in time $\tilde{O}(n + s^{5/3})$ for the Subset Sum problem. Our algorithms work for the more general problem variants with multiplicities, where each input item comes with a (binary encoded) multiplicity, which succinctly describes how many times the item appears in the instance. In these variants $n$ denotes the (possibly much smaller) number of distinct items. Our results follow from combining and optimizing several diverse lines of research, notably proximity arguments for integer programming due to Eisenbrand and Weismantel (TALG 2019), fast structured $(\min,+)$-convolution by Kellerer and Pferschy (J. Comb. Optim. 2004), and additive combinatorics methods originating from Galil and Margalit (SICOMP 1991).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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