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arXiv 2011.08031hep-phnucl-th
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强电磁场中质子的嬗变

Transmutation of protons in a strong electromagnetic field

Tobias N. Wistisen, Christoph H. Keitel, Antonino Di Piazza

摘要:

研究了在强平面波电磁场中质子转化为中子、正电子和电子中微子的过程。这个过程是禁止在真空中,并被视为具有指数抑制因子,这是非微扰的字段振幅。当质子在其静止坐标系中经历大约十倍于施温格临界场或更大的场强时,抑制被减轻。在这个阈值附近,质子在其静止坐标系中的寿命与传统的中子衰变寿命相当。随着场强的增加,质子寿命变得越来越短。我们研究了可能的情况,在实验室中使用超强激光和高能质子束可以观察到这一过程,但结论是,在不久的将来观察这种效应将是非常具有挑战性的。

英文摘要:

The process of turning a proton into a neutron, positron and electron-neutrino in a strong plane-wave electromagnetic field is studied. This process is forbidden in vacuum and is seen to feature an exponential suppression factor which is non-perturbative in the field amplitude. The suppression is alleviated when the proton experiences a field strength of about ten times the Schwinger critical field in its rest frame or larger. Around this threshold the lifetime of the proton, in its rest frame, is comparable to the conventional neutron decay lifetime. As the field strength is increased, the proton lifetime becomes increasingly short. We investigate possible scenarios where this process may be observed in the laboratory using an ultra-intense laser and a high-energy proton beam with the conclusion, however, that it would be very challenging to observe this effect in the near future.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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