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arXiv 2010.05065math.CO
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布劳威尔韧性猜想的证明

A proof of Brouwer's toughness conjecture

Xiaofeng Gu

摘要:

连通图$G$的韧性$t(G)$被定义为$t(G)=\min\{\frac{|S|}{c(G-S)}\}$,其中在所有真子集$S\subset V(G)$上取最小值,使得$c(G-S)>1$,其中$c(G-S)$表示$G-S$的分量数.用PDMATHAMT表示图的邻接矩阵的第二大绝对特征值。对于任何连通的$d$ -正则图$G$,Alon已经证明了$t(G)>\frac{1}{3}(\frac{d^2}{dλ+λ^2}-1)$,通过它,Alon能够证明对于每个$t$和$g$,存在围长严格大于$g$的$t$ -坚韧图,从而在很强的意义上反驳了Chvátal关于泛圈性的猜想。Brouwer独立地发现了一个更好的边界$t(G)>\frac{d}λ-2$为任何连接$d$ -正则图$G$,而他也证明了下界可以改进为$t(G)\ge \frac{d}λ - 1$。我们证实了这一猜想。

英文摘要:

The toughness $t(G)$ of a connected graph $G$ is defined as $t(G)=\min\{\frac{|S|}{c(G-S)}\}$, in which the minimum is taken over all proper subsets $S\subset V(G)$ such that $c(G-S)>1$, where $c(G-S)$ denotes the number of components of $G-S$. Let $λ$ denote the second largest absolute eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph. For any connected $d$-regular graph $G$, it has been shown by Alon that $t(G)>\frac{1}{3}(\frac{d^2}{dλ+λ^2}-1)$, through which, Alon was able to show that for every $t$ and $g$ there are $t$-tough graphs of girth strictly greater than $g$, and thus disproved in a strong sense a conjecture of Chvátal on pancyclicity. Brouwer independently discovered a better bound $t(G)>\frac{d}λ-2$ for any connected $d$-regular graph $G$, while he also conjectured that the lower bound can be improved to $t(G)\ge \frac{d}λ - 1$. We confirm this conjecture.

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