Vaughn Climenhaga, Gerhard Knieper, Khadim War
We obtain Margulis-type asymptotic estimates for the number of free homotopy classes of closed geodesics on certain manifolds without conjugate points. Our results cover all compact surfaces of genus at least 2 without conjugate points.
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Geodesic flows of compact higher genus surfaces without conjugate points have expansive factors
本文证明亏格大于1的无共轭点紧致曲面的测地流半共轭于一个连续扩张流，并由此得到其具有唯一极大熵测度，为Climenhaga-Knieper-War定理提供新证明。
Uniqueness of the measure of maximal entropy for geodesic flows on coarse hyperbolic manifolds without conjugate points
本文在无共轭点且基本群为Gromov双曲、剩余有限的闭黎曼流形上，通过对扩张集施加适当条件，证明了测地流最大熵测度的唯一性，从而推广了此前仅在负截面曲率背景度量下成立的相关结果。
Counting geodesic loops on surfaces of genus at least 2 without conjugate points
本文在无共轭点的紧曲面上建立了闭测地环的渐近计数估计，并证明了更一般的扇形定理，推广了Huber、Margulis、Nicholls和Sharp等人在严格负曲率情形下的经典结果。
The stability conjecture for geodesic flows of compact manifolds without conjugate points and quasi-convex universal covering
本文证明了在无共轭点、具有拟凸万有覆盖和发散测地射线的紧流形上，测地流从 Mañé 视角看是 $C^{2}$-结构稳定的当且仅当它是 Anosov 流，从而证实了 $C^{1}$-稳定性猜想。
Robust transitivity of geodesic flows from metrics with conjugate points
证明获得部分双曲测地线流鲁棒传递性的一般准则，给出首个具有共轭点且测地线流传递的C²开集黎曼度量示例。
We prove that for closed surfaces $M$ with Riemannian metrics without conjugate points and genus $\geq 2$ the geodesic flow on the unit tangent bundle $T^1M$ has a unique measure of maximal entropy. Furthermore, this measure is fully supported on $T^1M$ and the flow is mixing with respect to this measure. We formulate conditions under which this result extends to higher dimensions.
Expansive factors for geodesic flows of compact manifolds without conjugate points and with visibility universal covering
针对无共轭点且万有覆叠为可视的紧流形，研究其测地流的扩张因子性质，证明了保时间扩张因子的拓扑混合等特性，推导了格林丛可积性及最大熵测度的唯一性等结果。
An upper bound for the mean Lorentz force of magnetic flows without conjugate points in terms of the geodesic curvature of horocycles
本文研究亏格至少二的闭黎曼曲面上无共轭点的磁流，证明在 Mañé 临界值之上，洛伦兹力积分受水平圆测地曲率约束，并由此推出基于面积和高斯曲率的显式上界。
We revisit an example of a semi-Riemannian geodesic that was discussed by Musso, Pejsachowicz and Portaluri in 2007 to show that not every conjugate point is a bifurcation point. We point out a mistake in their argument, showing that on this geodesic actually every conjugate point is a bifurcation point. Finally, we provide an improved example which yields that the claim in our title is nevertheless true.
Ruelle's inequality and the Pesin formula for geodesic flows on manifolds without conjugate points
本文针对具有下界截面曲率的完备黎曼流形上的无共轭点测地流，证明了李雅普诺夫指数存在性，建立了Ruelle不等式，还得到了有限体积流形上对应C¹-Hölder测地流的Pesin熵公式。
On ergodic properties of geodesic flows on uniform visibility manifolds without conjugate points
本文研究无共轭点均匀可见流形上测地流的遍历性质，证明了闭曲面情形下测地流的遍历性，构造了唯一极大熵测度并证明其 Bernoulli 性质，在压力间隙条件下得到平衡态唯一性，并应用于计数闭测地线及体积渐近，最后建立了 Hopf-Tsuji-Sullivan 二分法。
We study the geodesic flow of a compact surface without conjugate points and genus greater than one and continuous Green bundles. Identifying each strip of bi-asymptotic geodesics induces an equivalence relation on the unit tangent bundle. Its quotient space is shown to carry the structure of a 3-dimensional compact manifold. This manifold carries a canonically defined continuous flow which is expansive, time-preserving semi-conjugate to the geodesic flow, and has a local product structure. An essential step towards the proof of these properties is to study regularity properties of the horosph…
Equilibrium measures of manifolds without conjugate points having visibility covering
本文研究无共轭点且具有可见覆盖的流形测地流的平衡测度，探讨Bowen势的唯一性及遍历性质，证明其满足弱压力间隙条件。
Riemannian manifolds with Anosov geodesic flow do not have conjugate points
本文证明了具有 Anosov 测地流且曲率有下界的完备非紧黎曼流形不存在共轭点，从而解决了 R. Mañé 提出的开放问题。
Density of expansivity for geodesic flows of compact higher genus surfaces without conjugate points
本文证明了在亏格大于1且无共轭点的紧致连通光滑曲面中，无带状区域的测地集合在单位切丛中构成稠密轨道集，推广了无焦点条件下的已知结论。
On the Myrberg Limit Sets and Bowen-Margulis-Sullivan Measures for Visibility Manifolds without Conjugate Points
本文研究了无共轭点的一致可见流形上Myrberg型动力学与测地流遍历性质的关系，证明了Myrberg极限集的Patterson-Sullivan测度正性等价于测地流的保守性，并将双曲流形的经典结果推广至无共轭点流形。
We prove the existence of Alexandrov embedded closed magnetic geodesics on closed hyperbolic surfaces. Closed magnetic geodesics correspond to closed curves with prescribed geodesic curvature.
If all prime closed geodesics on $(S^n,F)$ with an irreversible Finsler metric $F$ are irrationally elliptic, there exist either exactly $2\left[\frac{n+1}{2}\right]$ or infinitely many distinct closed geodesics. As an application, we show the existence of three distinct closed geodesics on bumpy Finsler $(S^3,F)$ if any prime closed geodesic has non-zero Morse index.
We prove that a riemannian metric on the 2-sphere or the projective plane can be C2-approximated by a smooth metric whose geodesic flow has an elliptic closed geodesic.
In this article, we study the dynamics of geodesic flows on Riemannian (not necessarily compact) manifolds with no conjugate points. We prove the Anosov Closing Lemma, the local product structure, and the transitivity of the geodesic flows on $Ω_1$ under the conditions of bounded asymptote and uniform visibility. As an application, we further discuss about some generic properties of the set of invariant probability measures
The paper shows that the curvature of RP2 is constant iff all geodesics are closed. Therefore RP2 is the first known manifold with only one G-structure. It took quiete a long time to find such a manifold. The author shows only that if all geodesics are closed then there are infinitely many simple closed geodesics. This proof is based on the geodesic return map and the theory of topological dynamics. From important results of Green, Grove and Gromoll one can conclude the theorem.
We show that every closed Lorentzian surface contains at least two closed geodesics. Explicit examples show the optimality of this claim. Refining this result we relate the least number of closed geodesics to the causal structure of the surface and the homotopy type of the Lorentzian metric.
We give existence results for simple closed curves with prescribed geodesic curvature on $S^{2}$, which correspond to periodic orbits of a charge in a magnetic field.
In every conformal class of Finsler (or Riemannian) metrics on a closed manifold there exists a residual subset of Finsler metrics, such that, with respect to the residual Finsler metrics, in any non-trivial homotopy class of free loops there is precisely one shortest geodesic loop.
In this paper, we prove that for every Finsler $n$-dimensional sphere $(S^n,F), n\ge 3$ with reversibility $λ$ and flag curvature $K$ satisfying $\left(\fracλ{1+λ}\right)^2<K\le 1$, there exist at least three distinct closed geodesics and at least two of them are elliptic if the number of prime closed geodesics is finite. When $n\ge 6$, these three distinct closed geodesics are non-hyperbolic.
In this article, we consider a closed rank one Riemannian manifold $M$ without focal points. Let $P(t)$ be the set of free-homotopy classes containing a closed geodesic on $M$ with length at most $t$, and $\# P(t)$ its cardinality. We obtain the following Margulis-type asymptotic estimates: \[\lim_{t\to \infty}\#P(t)/\frac{e^{ht}}{ht}=1\] where $h$ is the topological entropy of the geodesic flow. In the appendix, we also show that the unique measure of maximal entropy of the geodesic flow has the Bernoulli property.
We prove exponential growth rate of contractible closed geodesics for an arbitrary bumpy metric on manifolds of the form X#Y, where the fundamental group of X has a subgroup of finite index at least 3 and Y is simply connected and not a homotopy sphere.
The Hopf-Tsuji-Sullivan Dichotomy on Visibility Manifolds Without Conjugate Points
该研究针对无共轭点可见流形上的测地流，证明了 Hopf-Tsuji-Sullivan 二分法，并给出 Poincaré 级数发散、锥形极限集满测度等保守性等价判据。
Let $M$ be a compact simply connected manifold satisfying $H^*(M;\mathbf{Q})\cong T_{d,n+1}(x)$ for integers $d\ge 2$ and $n\ge 1$. If all prime closed geodesics on $(M,F)$ with an irreversible bumpy Finsler metric $F$ are elliptic, either there exist exactly $\frac{dn(n+1)}{2}$ (when $d\ge 2$ is even) or $(d+1)$ (when $d\ge 3$ is odd) distinct closed geodesics, or there exist infinitely many distinct closed geodesics.
Let $Q$ be a closed manifold admitting a locally-free action of a compact Lie group $G$. In this paper we study the properties of geodesic flows on $Q$ given by Riemannian metrics which are invariant by such an action. In particular, we will be interested in the existence of geodesics which are closed up to the action of some element in the group $G$, since they project to closed magnetic geodesics on the quotient orbifold $Q/G$.
In the recent paper \cite{LoD1}, we classified closed geodesics on Finsler manifolds into rational and irrational two families, and gave a complete understanding on the index growth properties of iterates of rational closed geodesics. This study yields that a rational closed geodesic can not be the only closed geodesic on every irreversible or reversible (including Riemannian) Finsler sphere, and that there exist at least two distinct closed geodesics on every compact simply connected irreversible or reversible (including Riemannian) Finsler 3-dimensional manifold. In this paper, we study the …
In this paper, we prove the existence of at least two distinct closed geodesics on every compact simply connected irreversible or reversible Finsler (including Riemannian) manifold of dimension not less than 2.
Given a smooth compact surface without focal points and of higher genus, it is shown that its geodesic flow is semi-conjugate to a continuous expansive flow with a local product structure such that the semi-conjugation preserves time-parametrization. It is concluded that the geodesic flow has a unique measure of maximal entropy.
We study local and global optimality of geodesics in the left invariant sub-Riemannian problem on the Lie group $\mathrm{SH}(2)$. We obtain the complete description of the Maxwell points corresponding to the discrete symmetries of the vertical subsystem of the Hamiltonian system. An effective upper bound on the cut time is obtained in terms of the first Maxwell times. We study the local optimality of extremal trajectories and prove the lower and upper bounds on the first conjugate times. We also obtain the generic time interval for the $n$-th conjugate time which is important in the study of s…
Proof of the $C^2$-stability conjecture for geodesic flows of closed surfaces
本研究证明了闭曲面$C^2$-泛黎曼度量的测地流二歧性，进而证实闭曲面黎曼测地流的$C^2$稳定性猜想，还建立了闭3维流形Reeb流为Anosov流的充分条件这一有独立价值的结果。
Closed geodesics and the first Betti number
本文证明在具有非平凡第一Betti数的闭流形上，一般黎曼度量有无穷多条任意长的闭测地线，并借助新定理将最小闭测地线存在性与测地流的马蹄联系起来。
Multiple closed geodesics on Finsler $3$-dimensional sphere
本文在所有素闭测地线Morse指数非零的条件下，证明了Anosov关于bumpy Finsler $S^3$至少存在四条素闭测地线的猜想。
In this paper, we establish first the resonance identity for non-contractible homologically visible prime closed geodesics on Finsler $n$-dimensional real projective space $(\mathbb{R}P^n,F)$ when there exist only finitely many distinct non-contractible closed geodesics on $(\mathbb{R}P^n,F)$, where the integer $n\geq2$. Then as an application of this resonance identity, we prove the existence of at least two distinct non-contractible closed geodesics on $\mathbb{R}P^{n}$ with a bumpy and irreversible Finsler metric. Together with two previous results on bumpy and reversible Finsler metrics in…
We extend two celebrated theorems on closed geodesics of Riemannian 2-spheres to the larger class of reversible Finsler 2-spheres: Lusternik-Schnirelmann's theorem asserting the existence of three simple closed geodesics, and Bangert-Franks-Hingston's theorem asserting the existence of infinitely many closed geodesics. In order to prove the first theorem, we employ the generalization of Grayson's curve shortening flow developed by Angenent-Oaks.
Divergent geodesics, ambiguous closed geodesics and the binary additive divisor problem
本文研究负曲率局部对称空间中发散测地线间的公共垂线计数，给出非纯指数增长的渐近公式，并应用于模轨道流形中歧义测地线的计数，恢复Sarnak结果并证实推广Motohashi猜想。
Conjugacies of geodesic flows in affine cylinders and tori
本文研究仿射圆柱与仿射环面上测地流的共轭性，给出了在拓扑与全纯范畴下共轭的显式充要条件。
The goal of this survey is to give a list of resent results about topology of manifolds admitting different metrics with the same geodesics. We emphasize the role of the theory of integrable systems in obtaining these results.
We give a finitary criterion for the convergence of measures on non-elementary geometrically finite hyperbolic orbifolds to the unique measure of maximal entropy. We give an entropy criterion controlling escape of mass to the cusps of the orbifold. Using this criterion we prove new results on the distribution of collections of closed geodesics on such orbifold, and as a corollary we prove equidistribution of closed geodesics up to a certain length in amenable regular covers of geometrically finite orbifolds.
In this article, we consider a compact symmetric space $M$ of higher rank. Let $P(t)$ be the set of free-homotopy classes containing a closed geodesic on $M$ with length at most $t$, and $\# P(t)$ its cardinality. We obtain the following asymptotic estimates: \[\#P(t)=\frac{e^{ht}}{ht}(1+O(e^{-ut}))\] for some $u>0$, where $h$ is the topological entropy of the geodesic flow.
We prove a quantitative estimate, with a power saving error term, for the number of simple closed geodesics of length at most $L$ on a compact surface equipped with a Riemannian metric of negative curvature. The proof relies on the exponential mixing rate for the Teichmüller geodesic flow.
We consider exact magnetic flows on closed orientable surfaces. We show that for almost every energy $κ$ below Mañé's critical value of the universal covering there are always at least three distinct closed magnetic geodesics with energy $κ$. If in addition the energy level is assumed to be non-degenerate we prove existence of infinitely many closed magnetic geodesics.
Let $X$ be a compact, geodesically complete, locally CAT(0) space such that the universal cover admits a rank one axis. Assume $X$ is not homothetic to a metric graph with integer edge lengths. Let $P_t$ be the number of parallel classes of oriented closed geodesics of length $\le t$; then $\lim\limits_{t \to \infty} P_t / \frac{e^{ht}}{ht} = 1$, where $h$ is the entropy of the geodesic flow on the space $SX$ of parametrized unit-speed geodesics in $X$.
Closed geodesics in dilation surfaces
本研究证明了任意膨胀曲面上闭测地线的方向在圆周上稠密，通过研究模空间中泰希米勒流作用下膨胀曲面Delaunay三角剖分的退化完成证明，推进了膨胀曲面几何的相关研究。
We compute the asymptotics, as R tends to infinity, of the number of closed geodesics in Moduli space of length at most R, or equivalently the number of pseudo-Anosov elements of the mapping class group of translation length at most R.
In this paper, we prove that for every Finsler metric on the 2-dimensional sphere there exist at least two distinct prime closed geodesics. For the case of the two-sphere, this solves an open problem posed by D. V. Anosov in 1974.
We prove a central limit theorem for the length of closed geodesics in any compact orientable hyperbolic surface. In the special case of a hyperbolic pair of pants, this settles a conjecture of Chas-Li-Maskit.
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