Gabriel Paternain, Jimmy Petean
We prove exponential growth rate of contractible closed geodesics for an arbitrary bumpy metric on manifolds of the form X#Y, where the fundamental group of X has a subgroup of finite index at least 3 and Y is simply connected and not a homotopy sphere.
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In this paper, we prove that for every irreversible Finsler $n$-dimensional real projective space $(\mathbb{R}P^n,F)$ with reversibility $λ$ and flag curvature $K$ satisfying $\frac{16}{9}\left(\fracλ{1+λ}\right)^2<K\le 1$ with $λ<3$, there exist at least $n-1$ non-contractible closed geodesics. In addition, if the metric $F$ is bumpy with $\frac{64}{25}\left(\fracλ{1+λ}\right)^2<K\le 1$ and $λ<\frac{5}{3}$, then there exist at least $2[\frac{n+1}{2}]$ non-contractible closed geodesics, which is the optimal lower bound due to Katok's example. The main ingredients of the proofs are the Fadell-R…
In this paper, we establish first the resonance identity for non-contractible homologically visible prime closed geodesics on Finsler $n$-dimensional real projective space $(\mathbb{R}P^n,F)$ when there exist only finitely many distinct non-contractible closed geodesics on $(\mathbb{R}P^n,F)$, where the integer $n\geq2$. Then as an application of this resonance identity, we prove the existence of at least two distinct non-contractible closed geodesics on $\mathbb{R}P^{n}$ with a bumpy and irreversible Finsler metric. Together with two previous results on bumpy and reversible Finsler metrics in…
Let $M=S^n/ Γ$ and $h$ be a nontrivial element of finite order $p$ in $π_1(M)$, where the integer $n, p\geq2$, $Γ$ is a finite abelian group which acts freely and isometrically on the $n$-sphere and therefore $M$ is diffeomorphic to a compact space form. In this paper, we prove that for every irreversible Finsler compact space form $(M,F)$ with reversibility $λ$ and flag curvature $K$ satisfying \[ \frac{4p^2}{(p+1)^2} \big(\fracλ{λ+1} \big)^2 < K \leq 1,\;\;λ< \frac{p+1}{p-1}, \] there exist at least $n-1$ non-contractible closed geodesics of class $[h]$. In addition, if the metric $F$ is bum…
Non-contractible closed geodesics on compact Finsler space forms without self-intersections
本文研究紧致 Finsler 空间形式上不可缩闭测地线的存在性，证明在实射影平面上至少存在两条不可缩闭测地线并给出长度上界，且在特定曲率条件下证明至少存在 n 条指定同伦类的素不可缩简单闭测地线，同时研究其稳定性。
Let $M=S^n/ Γ$ and $h$ be a nontrivial element of finite order $p$ in $π_1(M)$, where the integer $n\geq2$, $Γ$ is a finite group which acts freely and isometrically on the $n$-sphere and therefore $M$ is diffeomorphic to a compact space form. In this paper, we establish first the resonance identity for non-contractible homologically visible minimal closed geodesics of the class $[h]$ on every Finsler compact space form $(M, F)$ when there exist only finitely many distinct non-contractible closed geodesics of the class $[h]$ on $(M, F)$. Then as an application of this resonance identity, we pr…
Remark on non-contractible closed geodesics and homotopy groups
本文证明：当闭流形的高阶同伦群在基本群作用下有非平凡不变量或余不变量时，$C^4$-一般度量下存在无穷多条几何不同的闭测地线；若基本群含无穷多共轭类，则对所有度量成立。
Let $M=S^{2n+1}/ Γ$, $Γ$ is a finite group which acts freely and isometrically on the $(2n+1)$-sphere and therefore $M$ is diffeomorphic to a compact space form. In this paper, we first investigate Katok's famous example about irreversible Finsler metrics on the spheres to study the topological structure of the contractible component of the free loop space on the compact space form $M$, then we apply the result to establish the resonance identity for homologically visible contractible minimal closed geodesics on every Finsler compact space form $(M, F)$ when there exist only finitely many dist…
We calculate the rational equivariant cohomology of the spaces of non-contractible loops in compact space forms and show how to apply these calculations for proving the existence of closed geodesics.
Closed Magnetic geodesics on Heisenberg nilmanifolds
本文研究了在三维Heisenberg nilmanifolds上对于每一个左不变洛伦兹力存在闭磁测地线的问题，主要贡献是证明了在紧凑商 manifold M 上对于任意能量水平低于Mañé临界值总存在可缩的闭磁测地线，同时展示了某些例子中不存在非可缩的闭磁测地线。
This note proves that any locally extremal non-self-conjugate geodesic loop in a Riemannian manifold is a closed geodesic. As a consequence, any complete and non-contractible Riemannian manifold with diverging injectivity radii along diverging sequences and without points conjugate to themselves, possesses a minimizing closed geodesic.
We show that if K: P \to R is an autonomous Hamiltonian on a symplectic manifold (P,Ω) which attains 0 as a Morse-Bott nondegenerate minimum along a symplectic submanifold M, and if c_1(TP)|_M vanishes in real cohomology, then the Hamiltonian flow of K has contractible periodic orbits with bounded period on all sufficiently small energy levels. As a special case, if the geodesic flow on the cotangent bundle of M is twisted by a symplectic magnetic field form, then the resulting flow has contractible periodic orbits on all low energy levels. These results were proven by Ginzburg and Gürel when …
Geometric structure and existence of reducible spherical conical metrics
本研究探讨了紧致Riemann面上可约球面锥形度量的几何结构与存在性，证明了该类曲面可沿特定测地线分割为等距于football的有限块，并给出了度量存在的角度条件及应用。
Magnetic curvature and existence of a closed magnetic geodesic on low energy levels
本文定义磁曲率算子及磁截面、Ricci曲率，并在低能级正磁Ricci曲率条件下证明可收缩周期轨道存在，同时讨论正磁截面曲率的拓扑限制。
We show that a small neighborhood of a closed symplectic submanifold in a geometrically bounded aspherical symplectic manifold has non-vanishing symplectic homology. As a consequence, we establish the existence of contractible closed characteristics on any thickening of the boundary of the neighborhood. When applied to twisted geodesic flows on compact symplectically aspherical manifolds, this implies the existence of contractible periodic orbits for a dense set of low energy values.
From curve shortening to flat link stability and Birkhoff sections of geodesic flows
本文利用曲线缩短流证明了闭黎曼曲面测地流的三个新结果：平坦链环在 $C^0$-小扰动下的稳定性、闭测地线的强制存在性定理，以及测地流 Birkhoff 截面的存在性。
In this paper, we study the regularity of topological entropy, as a function on the space of Riemannian metrics endowed with the $C^0$ topology. We establish several instances of entropy robustness (persistence of entropy non-vanishing after small $C^0$ perturbations). A large part of this paper is dedicated to metrics on the 2-dimensional torus, for which our main results are that metrics with a contractible closed geodesic have robust entropy (thus generalizing and quantifying a result of Denvir-Mackay) and that metrics with robust positive entropy on the torus are $C^{\infty}$ generic. More…
On the locus of multiple maximizing geodesics on a globally hyperbolic spacetime
本研究拓展前人工作，探究整体双曲时空中多条最大化测地线轨迹的拓扑性质，证明其局部可缩，定义洛伦兹Aubry集并证明相关包含关系为同伦等价。
Multiple connecting geodesics of a Randers-Kropina metric via homotopy theory for solutions of an affine control system
本文借助 Lusternik-Schnirelman 理论及受控漂移仿射控制系统解空间的同伦结果，证明不可缩流形上任意两点间存在无穷多条 Randers-Kropina 测地线。
Extensions of the loop product and coproduct, the space of antipodal paths and resonances of closed geodesics
本文推广弦拓扑中的环积与环余积至对合确定的路径空间，并在偶数维球面上利用 Morse-Bott 方法完整计算，进而证明实射影空间闭测地线的共振定理。
The closed string field theory minimal-area problem asks for the conformal metric of least area on a Riemann surface with the condition that all non-contractible closed curves have length at least 2π. Through every point in such a metric there is a geodesic that saturates the length condition, and saturating geodesics in a given homotopy class form a band. The extremal metric is unknown when bands of geodesics cross, as it happens for surfaces of non-zero genus. We use recently proposed convex programs to numerically find the minimal-area metric on the square torus with a square boundary, for …
Let $X_0$ be an infinite genus hyperbolic surface (whose boundary components, if any, are closed geodesics or punctures) which has an upper bounded pants decomposition. The length spectrum Teichmüller space $T_{ls}(X_0)$ consists of all surfaces $X$ homeomorphic to $X_0$ such that the ratios of the corresponding simple closed geodesics are uniformly bounded from below and from above. Alessandrini, Liu, Papadopoulos and Su described the Fenchel-Nielsen coordinates for $T_{ls}(X_0)$ and using these coordinates they proved that $T_{ls}(X_0)$ is path connected. We use the Fenchel-Nielsen coordinat…
We show that the existence of noncontractible periodic orbits for compactly supported time-dependent Hamiltonian on the disk cotangent bundle of a Finsler manifold provided that the Hamiltonian is sufficiently large over the zero section. We generalize the BPS capacities and earlier constructions of Weber (2006 Duke Math. J. 133, 527-568) and other authors Biran et al (2003 Duke Math. J. 119, 65-118) to the Finsler setting. We then obtain a number of applications including: (1) generalizing the main theorem of Xue (2017 J. Symplectic Geom. 15, 905-936) to the Lie group setting, (2) preservatio…
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