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arXiv 2007.14054astro-ph.SR
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侧重于空间天气的太阳耀斑望远镜的太阳天气观测

Synoptic solar observations of the Solar Flare Telescope focusing on space weather

Yoichiro Hanaoka, Takashi Sakurai, Ken'ichi Otsuji, Isao Suzuki, Satoshi Morita

摘要:

日本国家天文台的太阳小组正在用太阳耀斑望远镜进行太阳天气观测。虽然这是长期太阳监测的一部分,有助于研究制约太阳活动周期的太阳发电机,但也是一种为空间天气研究作出贡献的尝试。观测包括用H $α$、Ca K、G带和连续谱的滤光片成像,以及在包括He I 1083.0 nm / Si I 1082.7 nm和Fe I 1564.8 nm谱线的波长带的分光偏振法。获得了光球和色球的亮度、多普勒信号和磁场信息。除了监测像耀斑和暗条爆发这样的动态现象外,我们还可以根据这些数据跟踪驱动它们的磁场的演变。此外,太阳丝状体中的磁场在其爆发后发展成为行星际磁云的一部分,并偶尔撞击地球,可以在其爆发前的配置中推断出来。从预测空间天气现象的角度来看,今后除了对太阳进行传统的监测外,这种观测将变得至关重要。目前使用太阳耀斑望远镜进行的天气观测被认为是未来使用先进仪器进行太阳天气观测的先驱。

英文摘要:

The solar group at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan is conducting synoptic solar observations with the Solar Flare Telescope. While it is a part of a long-term solar monitoring, contributing to the study of solar dynamo governing solar activity cycles, it is also an attempt at contributing to space weather research. The observations include imaging with filters for H$α$, Ca K, G-band, and continuum, and spectropolarimetry at the wavelength bands including the He I 1083.0 nm / Si I 1082.7 nm and the Fe I 1564.8 nm lines. Data for the brightness, Doppler signal, and magnetic field information of the photosphere and the chromosphere are obtained. In addition to monitoring dynamic phenomena like flares and filament eruptions, we can track the evolution of the magnetic fields that drive them on the basis of these data. Furthermore, the magnetic field in solar filaments, which develops into a part of the interplanetary magnetic cloud after their eruption and occasionally hits the Earth, can be inferred in its pre-eruption configuration. Such observations beyond mere classical monitoring of the Sun will hereafter become crucially important from the viewpoint of the prediction of space weather phenomena. The current synoptic observations with the Solar Flare Telescope is considered to be a pioneering one for future synoptic observations of the Sun with advanced instruments.

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