Let $\mathbb{A}=\left( \begin{array}{cc} A & 0 \\ 0 & A \\ \end{array} \right)$ be the $2\times2$ diagonal operator matrix determined by a positive bounded operator $A$. For semi-Hilbertian operators $X$ and $Y$, we first show that \begin{align*} w^2_{\mathbb{A}}\left(\begin{bmatrix} 0 & X \\ Y & 0 \end{bmatrix}\right) &\leq \frac{1}{4}\max\Big\{{\big\|XX^{\sharp_A} + Y^{\sharp_A}Y\big\|}_{A}, {\big\|X^{\sharp_A}X + YY^{\sharp_A}\big\|}_{A}\Big\} + \frac{1}{2}\max\big\{w_{A}(XY), w_{A}(YX)\big\}, \end{align*} where $w_{\mathbb{A}}(\cdot)$, ${\|\cdot\|}_{A}$ and $w_{A}(\cdot)$ are the $\mathbb{A}$-numerical radius, $A$-operator seminorm and $A$-numerical radius, respectively. We then apply the above inequality to find some upper bounds for the $\mathbb{A}$-numerical radius of certain $2\times 2$ operator matrices. In particular, we obtain some refinements of earlier $A$-numerical radius inequalities for semi-Hilbertian operators. An upper bound for the $\mathbb{A}$-numerical radius of $2\times 2$ block matrices of semi-Hilbertian space operators is also given.
For a complex nilpotent finite dimensional Lie algebra of matrices,and a Jordan-Hölder basis of it, we prove a spectral radius formula which extends a well-known result for commuting matrices.
The main goal of this article is to establish several new upper and lower bounds for the $\mathbb{A}$-numerical radius of $2\times 2$ operator matrices, where $\mathbb{A}$ be the $2\times 2$ diagonal operator matrix whose diagonal entries are positive bounded operator $A$.
Toeplitz matrices are ubiquitous and play important roles across many areas of mathematics. In this paper, we present some algebraic results concerning block Toeplitz matrices with block entries belonging to a commutative algebra $Å$. The characterization of normal block Toeplitz matrices with entries from $Å$ is also obtained.
General approach to the multiplication or adjoint operation of $2\times 2$ block operator matrices with unbounded entries are founded. Furthermore, criteria for self-adjointness of block operator matrices based on their entry operators are established.
Denote by $w(T)$ the numerical radius of a matrix $T$. An elementary proof is given to the fact that $w(AB) \leq w(A)w(B)$ for a pair of commuting matrices of order two, and characterization is given for the matrix pairs that attain the quality.
We prove an inequality for the spectral radius of products of non-negative matrices conjectured by X. Zhan. We show that for all $n\times n$ non-negative matrices $A$ and $B$, $ρ(A\circ B)\leρ((A\circ A)(B\circ B))^{1/2}\leρ(AB)$, where $\circ$ represents the Hadamard product.
Operator matrices have played a significant role in studying Hilbert space operators. In this paper, we discuss further properties of operator matrices and present new estimates for the operator norms and numerical radii of such operators. Moreover, operator matrices whose real and imaginary parts are positive will be discussed, and sharper bounds will be shown for such class.
The maximal commutative subalgebras containing only Toeplitz matrices have been identified as generalized circulants. A similar simple description cannot be obtained for block Toeplitz matrices. We introduce and investigate certain families of maximal commutative algebras of block Toeplitz matrices.
The concepts of weighted numerical radius has been defined in recent times. In this article, we obtain several upper bound for weighted numerical radius of operators and $2 \times 2$ operator matrices which generalize and improves some well known famous inequality for classical numerical radius. We also obtain an upper bound for the weighted numerical radius of the Aluthge transformation, $\tilde{T}$ of an operator $T \in \mathcal{B}(\mathcal{H}),$ where $\tilde{T} = |T|^{1/2} U |T|^{1/2}$ and $T = U |T|$ be the canonical polar decomposition of $T.$
Several new verifiable conditions are established for block matrices with scalar diagonal blocks to have the numerical range equal the convex hull of at most k ellipses where k by k is the size of the smaller diagonal block. For k = 2, these conditions are also necessary, provided that the ellipses are co-centered.
We obtain several norm and eigenvalue inequalities for positive matrices partitioned into four blocks. The results involve the numerical range of the off-diagonal block X, especially the distance from 0 to W(X).
Positive semidefinite matrices partitioned into a small number of Hermitian blocks have a remarkable property. Such a matrix may be written in a simple way from the sum of its diagonal blocks
We prove some eigenvalue inequalities for positive semidefinite matrices partitioned into four blocks. The inradius of the numerical range of the off-diagonal block contributes to these estimates. Some related norm inequalities are given and a conjecture is proposed.
The maximal algebras of scalar Toeplitz matrices are known to be formed by generalized circulants. The identification of algebras consisting of block Toeplitz matrices is a harder problem, that has received little attention up to now. We consider the case when the block entries of the matrices belong to a commutative algebra $ \mathcal{A} $. After obtaining some general results, we classify all the maximal algebras for certain particular cases of $ \mathcal{A}$.
This article implements a simple convex approach and block techniques to obtain several new refined versions of numerical radius inequalities for Hilbert space operators. This includes comparisons among the norms of the operators, their Cartesian parts, their numerical radii, the numerical radius of the product of two operators, and the Aluthge transform.
Let $\mathbb{A}= \begin{pmatrix} A & 0 \\ 0 & A \\ \end{pmatrix} $ be a $2\times2$ diagonal operator matrix whose each diagonal entry is a bounded positive (semidefinite) linear operator $A$ acting on a complex Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$. In this paper, we derive several $\mathbb{A}$-numerical radius inequalities for $2\times 2$ operator matrices whose entries are bounded with respect to the seminorm induced by the positive operator $A$ on $\mathcal{H}$. Some applications of our inequalities are also given.
Let ($\mathcal{H}, \langle . , .\rangle )$ be a complex Hilbert space and $A$ be a positive bounded linear operator on it. Let $w_A(T)$ be the $A$-numerical radius and $\|T\|_A$ be the $A$-operator seminorm of an operator $T$ acting on the semi-Hilbertian space $(\mathcal{H}, \langle .,.\rangle_A),$ where $\langle x, y\rangle_A:=\langle Ax, y\rangle$ for all $x,y\in \mathcal{H}$. In this article, we establish several upper and lower bounds for $B$-numerical radius of $2\times 2$ operator matrices, where $B=\begin{bmatrix} A & 0 0 & A \end{bmatrix}$. Further, we prove some refinements of earlie…
Let H be a positive semidefinite matrix partitioned into Hermitian blocks. Then, up to a direct sum operation, H is the average of matrices isometrically congruent to its partial trace. A few corollaries are given, related to important inequalities in quantum information theory such as the Nielsen-Kempe separability criterion.
In this short note we deal with a constructive scheme to decompose a continuous family of matrices $A(ρ)$ asymptotically as $ρ\to0$ into blocks corresponding to groups of eigenvalues of the limit matrix A(0). We also discuss the extension of the scheme to matrix families depending upon additional parameters and operators on Hilbert spaces.
Let $T=\begin{bmatrix} X &Y\\ 0 & Z\end{bmatrix}$ be an $n$-square matrix, where $X, Z$ are $r$-square and $(n-r)$-square, respectively. Among other determinantal inequalities, it is proved $\det(I_n+T^*T)\ge \det(I_r+X^*X)\cdot \det(I_{n-r}+Z^*Z)$ with equality holds if and only if $Y=0$.
For a given bounded positive (semidefinite) linear operator $A$ on a complex Hilbert space $\big(\mathcal{H}, \langle \cdot\mid \cdot\rangle \big)$, we consider the semi-Hilbertian space $\big(\mathcal{H}, \langle \cdot\mid \cdot\rangle_A \big)$ where ${\langle x\mid y\rangle}_A := \langle Ax\mid y\rangle$ for every $x, y\in\mathcal{H}$. The $A$-numerical radius of an $A$-bounded operator $T$ on $\mathcal{H}$ is given by \begin{align*} ω_A(T) = \sup\Big\{\big|{\langle Tx\mid x\rangle}_A\big|\,; \,\,x\in \mathcal{H}, \,{\langle x\mid x\rangle}_A= 1\Big\}. \end{align*} Our aim in this paper is t…
We give tight upper bounds on the numerical range of square matrices in terms of their Frobenius (Euclidian) norm and a combinatorial parameter similar to the clique number of graphs. Our results imply a concise form of the fundamental theorem of Turan in extremal graph theory.
The lower spectral radius of a set of $d \times d$ matrices is defined to be the minimum possible exponential growth rate of long products of matrices drawn from that set. When considered as a function of a finite set of matrices of fixed cardinality it is known that the lower spectral radius can vary discontinuously as a function of the matrix entries. In a previous article the author and J. Bochi conjectured that when considered as a function on the set of all pairs of $2 \times 2$ real matrices, the lower spectral radius is discontinuous on a set of positive (eight-dimensional) Lebesgue mea…
We consider a class of block operator matrices arising in the study of scattering passive systems, especially in the context of boundary control problems. We prove that these block operator matrices are indeed a subclass of block operator matrices considered in [Trostorff: A characterization of boundary conditions yielding maximal monotone operators. J. Funct. Anal., 267(8): 2787--2822, 2014], which can be characterized in terms of an associated boundary relation.
This short note, in part of expository nature, points out several new or recent consequences of a quite nice decomposition for positive semi-definite matrices.
The CMV matrices and their sub-matrices are applied to the description of all solutions to the Schur interpolation problem for contractive analytic operator-valued functions in the unit disk (the Schur class functions).
We review some of the significant generalizations and applications of the celebrated Douglas theorem on the equivalence of factorization, range inclusion, and majorization of operators. We then apply it to find a characterization of the positivity of $2\times 2$ block matrices of operators in Hilbert spaces and finally describe the nature of such block matrices and provide several ways for showing their positivity.
The main purpose of this paper is to englobe some new and known types of Hermitian block-matrices $M=\begin{pmatrix} A \& X\\ {X^*} \& B\end{pmatrix}$ satisfying or not the inequality $\|M\|\le \|A+B\|$ for all symmetric norms
In this paper, we study a particular class of block matrices placing an emphasis on their spectral properties. Some related applications are then presented.
For positive semi-definite block-matrix $M,$ we say that $M$ is P.S.D. and we write $M=\begin{pmatrix} A \& X\\ {X^*} \& B\end{pmatrix} \in {\mathbb{M}}\_{n+m}^+$, with $A\in {\mathbb{M}}\_n^+$, $B \in {\mathbb{M}}\_m^+.$ The focus is on studying the consequences of a decomposition lemma due to C.~Bourrin and the main result is extending the class of P.S.D. matrices $M$ written by blocks of same size that satisfies the inequality: $\|M\|\le \|A+B\|$ for all symmetric norms.
In this paper, we study the relationship between operator space norm and operator space numerical radius on the matrix space $\mathcal{M}_n(X)$, when $X$ is a numerical radius operator space. Moreover, we establish several inequalities for operator space numerical radius and the maximal numerical radius norm of $2\times 2$ operator matrices and their off-diagonal parts. One of our main results states that if $(X, (O_n))$ is an operator space, then \begin{align*} \frac12\max\big(W_{\max}(x_1+x_2)&, W_{\max}(x_1-x_2) \big)\\ &\le W_{\max}\Big(\begin{bmatrix} 0 & x_1 \\ x_2 & 0 \end{bmatrix}\Big)…
We study basic spectral properties of J-self-adjoint $2\times 2$ block operator matrices. Using the linear resolvent growth condition, we obtain simple necessary conditions for the regularity of the critical point $\infty$. In particular, we present simple examples of operators having the singular critical point $\infty$. Also, we apply our results to the linearized operator arising in the study of soliton type solutions to the nonlinear relativistic Ginzburg-Landau equation.
We generalize several inequalities involving powers of the numerical radius for off-diagonal part of $2\times2$ operator matrices of the form $T=\left[\begin{array}{cc} 0&B, C&0 \end{array}\right]$, where $B, C$ are two operators. In particular, if $T=\left[\begin{array}{cc} 0&B, C&0 \end{array}\right]$, then we get \begin{align*} {1\over 2^{{3\over2}(r-1)}}\max\{ \| μ\|, \| η\| \} \leq w^{r}(T)\leq \frac{1}{2^{r+1}} \max\{ \| μ\|, \| η\| \}, \end{align*} where $r\geq 2$ and $ μ=|(C-B^{*})+i(C+B^{*})|^{r}+|(B^{*}-C)+i(C+B^{*})|^{r}$, $ η=|(B-C^{*})+i(B+C^{*})|^{r}+|(C^{*}-B)+i(B+C^{*})|^{r}$.
The results on the inversion of convolution operators and Toeplitz matrices in the 1-D (one dimensional) case are classical and have numerous applications. We consider a 2-D case of Toeplitz-block Toeplitz matrices, describe a minimal information, which is necessary to recover the inverse matrices, and give a complete characterisation of the inverse matrices.
We consider random $n\times n$ matrices $X$ with independent and centered entries and a general variance profile. We show that the spectral radius of $X$ converges with very high probability to the square root of the spectral radius of the variance matrix of $X$ when $n$ tends to infinity. We also establish the optimal rate of convergence, that is a new result even for general i.i.d. matrices beyond the explicitly solvable Gaussian cases. The main ingredient is the proof of the local inhomogeneous circular law [arXiv:1612.07776] at the spectral edge.
We study the spectral properties of bounded and unbounded Jacobi matrices whose entries are bounded operators on a complex Hilbert space. In particular, we formulate conditions assuring that the spectrum of the studied operators is continuous. Uniform asymptotics of generalised eigenvectors and conditions implying complete indeterminacy are also provided.
