In the present paper, we study the relationship between deformation quantizations and Frobenius-projective structures defined on an algebraic curve in positive characteristic. A Frobenius-projective structure is an analogue of a complex projective structure on a Riemann surface, which was introduced by Y. Hoshi. Such an additional structure has some equivalent objects, e.g., a dormant $\mathrm{PGL}_2$-oper and a projective connection having a full set of solutions. The main result of the present paper provides a canonical construction of a Frobenius-constant quantization on the cotangent space minus the zero section on an algebraic curve by means of a Frobenius-projective structure. It may be thought of as a positive characteristic analogue of a result by D. Ben-Zvi and I. Biswas. Finally, we give a higher-dimensional variant of this result, as proved by I. Biswas in the complex case.
We give several mild conditions on a toric bundle on a nonsingular toric variety under which the projectivization of the toric bundle is Frobenius split.
We prove that the Frobenius structure constructed from the Gromov-Witten theory for an orbifold projective line with at most three orbifold points is uniquely determined by the WDVV equations with certain natural initial conditions.
We consider the construction of Frobenius manifolds associated to projective special geometry and analyse the dependence on choices involved. In particular, we prove that the underlying F-manifold is canonical. We then apply this construction to integrable systems of Hitchin type.
We prove that the Frobenius structure constructed from the Gromov-Witten theory for an orbifold projective line with at most $r$ orbifold points is uniquely determined by the WDVV equations with certain natural initial conditions.
In this paper we describe the action of the Frobenius morphism on the indecomposable vector bundles on cycles of projective lines. This gives an answer on a question of Paul Monsky, which appeared in his study of the Hilbert--Kunz theory for plane cubic curves.
In this note we show that Frobenius split smooth, projective threefolds are Hodge-Witt (using a criterion for the degeneration of the slope spectral sequence of smooth projective threefolds which we prove), and that smooth, projective Frobenius split varieties do not have exotic torsion in their slope spectral sequence. We also record a few simple observations on Frobenius split threefolds. This paper complements authors paper with C. S. Rajan ``On Frobenius splitting and ordinarity'' which is also available on this archive.
The goal of this article is to provide an explicit algorithmic construction of formal $F$-manifold structures, formal Frobenius manifold structures, and higher residue pairings on the primitive middle-dimensional cohomology $\mathbb{H}$ of a smooth projective Calabi-Yau complete intersection variety $X$ defined by homogeneous polynomials $G_1(\underline x), \dots, G_k(\underline x)$. Our main method is to analyze a certain dGBV (differential Gerstenhaber-Batalin-Vilkovisky) algebra $\mathcal{A}$ obtained from the twisted de Rham complex which computes $\mathbb{H}$. More explicitly, we introduc…
We introduce higher-order variants of the Frobenius-Seshadri constant due to Mustaţă and Schwede, which are defined for ample line bundles in positive characteristic. These constants are used to show that Demailly's criterion for separation of higher-order jets by adjoint bundles also holds in positive characteristic. As an application, we give a characterization of projective space using Seshadri constants in positive characteristic, which was proved in characteristic zero by Bauer and Szemberg. We also discuss connections with other characterizations of projective space.
The notion of a $p$-adic superspace is introduced and used to give a transparent construction of the Frobenius map on $p$-adic cohomology of a smooth projective variety over $\zp$ (the ring of $p$-adic integers), as well as an alternative construction of the crystalline cohomology of a smooth projective variety over $\fp$ (finite field with $p$ elements).
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety of dimension $n$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ with ${\rm char}(k)=p>0$ and $F:X\to X_1$ be the relative Frobenius morphism. For any vector bundle $W$ on $X$, we prove that instability of $F_*W$ is bounded by instability of $W\otimes{\rm T}^{\ell}(Ω^1_X)$ ($0\le \ell\le n(p-1)$)(Corollary \ref{cor3.8}). When $X$ is a smooth projective curve of genus $g\ge 2$, it implies $F_*W$ being stable whenever $W$ is stable.
We introduce a "limiting Frobenius structure" attached to any degeneration of projective varieties over a finite field of characteristic p which satisfies a p-adic lifting assumption. Our limiting Frobenius structure is shown to be effectively computable in an appropriate sense for a degeneration of projective hypersurfaces. We conjecture that the limiting Frobenius structure relates to the rigid cohomology of a semistable limit of the degeneration through an analogue of the Clemens-Schmidt exact sequence. Our construction is illustrated, and conjecture supported, by a selection of explicit ex…
We study the algbraic dynamics for endomorphisms of projective spaces with coefficients in a p-adic field whose reduction in positive characteritic is the Frobenius. In particular, we prove a version of the dynamical Manin-Mumford conjecture and the dynamical Mordell-Lang conjecture for the coherent backward orbits for such endomorphisms. We also give a new proof of a dynamical version of the Tate-Voloch conjecture in this case. Our method is based on the theory of perfectoid spaces introduced by P. Scholze. In the appendix, we prove that under some technical condition on the field of definiti…
The goal of this note is to exhibit the integrability properties (in the sense of the Frobenius theorem) of holomorphic p-forms with values in certain line bundles with seminegative curvature on a compact Kaehler manifold. There are in fact very strong restrictions, both on the holomorphic form and on the curvature of the seminegative line bundle. As a consequence, these observations provide interesting information on the structure of projective manifolds which admit a contact structure: either they are Fano manifolds or, thanks to results of Kebekus-Peternell-Sommese-Wisniewski, they are biho…
We compute a basis for the p-adic Dwork cohomology of a smooth complete intersection in projective space over a finite field and use it to give p-adic estimates for the action of Frobenius on this cohomology. In particular, we prove that the Newton polygon of the characteristic polynomial of Frobenius lies on or above the associated Hodge polygon. This result was first proved by B. Mazur using crystalline cohomology.
Let X be a smooth projective curve over an algebraic closed field of characteristic p and F be the Frobenius morphism of X. Here, I give a negative answer to the guess that the length of the Harder-Narasimhan of F*W is not bigger than p, where W is a semistable bundle on X.
The paper is devoted to peculiarities of the deformation quantization in the algebro-geometric context. A direct application of the formality theorem to an algebraic Poisson manifold gives a canonical sheaf of categories deforming coherent sheaves. The global category is very degenerate in general. Thus, we introduce a new notion of a semi-formal deformation, a replacement in algebraic geometry of an actual deformation (versus a formal one). Deformed algebras obtained by semi-formal deformations are Noetherian and have polynomial growth. We propose constructions of semi-formal quantizations of…
We define the notion of mixed Frobenius structure which is a generalization of the structure of a Frobenius manifold. We construct a mixed Frobenius structure on the cohomology of weak Fano toric surfaces and that of the three dimensional projective space using local Gromov-Witten invariants. This is an analogue of the Frobenius manifold associated to the quantum cohomology in the local Calabi-Yau setting.
We show that an irreducible ordinary differential equation on the projective line has a Frobenius structure for a power of some prime p if it is rigid in the sense of Katz and satisfies some other reasonable (and necessary) conditions relative to the prime p.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective surface over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p> 0$ with $Ω_{X}^{1}$ semistable and $μ(Ω_{X}^{1})>0$. For any semistable (resp. stable) bundle $W$ of rank $r$, we prove that $F_*W$ is semistable (resp. stable) when $p\geq r(r-1)^2+1$.
By the quantization condition compact quantizable Kaehler manifolds can be embedded into projective space. In this way they become projective varieties. The quantum Hilbert space of the Berezin-Toeplitz quantization (and of the geometric quantization) is the projective coordinate ring of the embedded manifold. This allows for generalization to the case of singular varieties. The set-up is explained in the first part of the contribution. The second part of the contribution is of tutorial nature. Necessary notions, concepts, and results of algebraic geometry appearing in this approach to quantiz…
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g \geq 2$ defined over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$. Given a semistable vector bundle $E$ over $X$, we show that its direct image $F\_*E$ under the Frobenius map $F$ of $X$ is again semistable. We deduce a numerical characterization of the stable rank-$p$ vector bundles $F\_*L$, where $L$ is a line bundle over $X$.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g(X)\geq 1$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$, $\M^s_X(r,d)$ the moduli space of stable vector bundles of rank $r$ and degree $d$ on $X$. We study the Frobenius stratification of $\M^s_X(r,d)$ in terms of Harder-Narasimhan polygons of Frobenius pull backs of stable vector bundles and obtain the irreducibility and dimension of each non-empty Frobenius stratum in case $(p,g,r)=(3,2,3)$.
Let X be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$ defined over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic $p>0$ and let $F:X\rightarrow X_{1}$ be the relative k-linear Frobenius map. We prove (Theorem 1.1) E is a stable bundle on $X_{1}$ with $I(E)= (p-1)(2g-2)$ if and only if E is the direct image of some stable bundle W on $X$.
We describe a formalism based on quantization of quadratic hamiltonians and symplectic actions of loop groups which provides a convenient home for most of known general results and conjectures about Gromov-Witten invariants of compact symplectic manifolds and, more generally, Frobenius structures at higher genus. We state several results illustrating the formalism and its use. In particular, we establish Virasoro constraints for semisimple Frobenius structures and outline a proof of the Virasoro conjecture for Gromov -- Witten invariants of complex projective spaces and other Fano toric manifo…
We describe the action of the different Frobenius morphisms on the cohomology ring of the moduli stack of algebraic vector bundles of fixed rank and determinant on an algebraic curve over a finite field in characteristic p and analyse special situations like vector bundles on the projective line and relations with infinite Grassmannians.
When X is a singular complex projective variety, we prove a Kodaira type vanishing theorem generalizing results of Navarro Aznar and others. This is proved by extending the Deligne-Illusie decomposition to the Du Bois complex. We also give a new definition of Frobenius amplitude (introduced in math.AG/0202129) using ultraproducts.
In this paper, we investigate the structure of the convergent quantization of the 1-shifted cotangent bundle $S$ of a smooth scheme $X$ over a perfect field of positive characteristic. The quantization is an $E_2$-algebra over the Frobenius twist $S'$ of the 1-shifted cotangent bundle which restricted to the zero section $X'\rightarrow S'$ is weakly $E_2$-Morita equivalent to the structure sheaf $\mathscr O_{X'}$ of the Frobenius twist $X'$ of $X$. Explicitly, we show that the $(\infty,2)$-category of coherent (left-)modules over $\mathscr O_{X'}$ is equivalent to the full subcategory of the $…
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over a perfect field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$, and $V$ be a vector bundle over $X$. It is well known that if $X$ is a curve and $V$ is not strongly semistable, then some Frobenius pullback $(F^t)^*V$ is a direct sum of strongly semistable bundles. A natural question to ask is whether this still holds in higher dimension. Indranil Biswas, Yogish I. Holla, A.J. Parameswaran, and S. Subramanian showed that there is always a counterexample to this over any algebraically closed field of positive characteristic which is uncountable. However, we will produce …
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$, $F_X:X\rightarrow X$ the absolute Frobenius morphism. Let $\M^s_X(r,d)$ be the moduli space of stable vector bundles of rank $r$ and degree $d$ on $X$. We study the Frobenius stratification of $\M^s_X(3,0)$ in terms of Harder-Narasimhan polygons of Frobenius pull backs of stable vector bundles and obtain the irreducibility and dimension of each non-empty Frobenius stratum in the case $(p,g)=(3,2)$.
We review progress on the generalized Witten conjecture and some of its major ingredients. This conjecture states that certain intersection numbers on the moduli space of higher spin curves assemble into the logarithm of the tau function of a semiclassical limit of the r-th Gelfand-Dickey (or KdV_r) hierarchy. Additionally, we prove that tensor products of the Frobenius manifolds associated to such hierarchies admit a geometric interpretation in terms of moduli spaces of higher spin structures. We also elaborate upon the analogy to Gromov-Witten invariants of a smooth, projective variety.
In 2001, S. Barannikov showed that the Frobenius manifold coming from the quantum cohomology of the complex projective space is isomorphic to the Frobenius manifold attached to some Laurent polynomial. The purpose of this thesis is to generalize this result. More precisely, we show, up to a conjecture on the value of some orbifold Gromov-Witten invariants, that the Frobenius structure obtained on the orbifold quantum cohomology of the weighted projective spaces is isomorphic to the one attached to some Laurent polynomial.
This article consists of two parts. In Part 1, we present a formulation of two-dimensional topological quantum field theories in terms of a functor from a category of Ribbon graphs to the endofuntor category of a monoidal category. The key point is that the category of ribbon graphs produces all Frobenius objects. Necessary backgrounds from Frobenius algebras, topological quantum field theories, and cohomological field theories are reviewed. A result on Frobenius algebra twisted topological recursion is included at the end of Part 1. In Part 2, we explain a geometric theory of quantum curves. …
Let $X$ be a projective scheme over a field. We show that the vanishing cohomology of any sequence of coherent sheaves is closely related to vanishing under pullbacks by the Frobenius morphism. We also compare various definitions of ample locally free sheaf and show that the vanishing given by the Frobenius morphism is, in a certain sense, the strongest possible. Our work can be viewed as various generalizations of the Serre Vanishing Theorem.
The Gauss map of a given projective variety is the rational map that sends a smooth point to the tangent space at that point, considered as a point of the Grassmann variety. The present paper aims to generalize a result by H. Kaji on Gauss maps in positive characteristic and establish an interaction with the study of dormant opers, as well as Frobenius-projective structures. We first prove a correspondence between dormant opers on a smooth projective variety $X$ and closed immersions from $X$ into a projective space with purely inseparable Gauss map. By using this, we determine the subfields o…
In this note we show that the restriction of the cotangent bundle $Ω_{\mathbb P}^2$ of the projective plane to a Fermat curve $C$ of degree $d$ in characteristic $p \equiv -1 \mod 2d$ is, up to tensoration with a certain line bundle, isomorphic to its Frobenius pull-back. This leads to a Frobenius periodicity $F^*({\mathcal E}) \cong {\mathcal E} $ on the Fermat curve of degree 2d, where ${\mathcal E}= {\rm Syz}(U^2,V^2,W^2)(3)$.
For an ordinary abelian variety $X$, $F^e_*\mathcal{O}_X$ is decomposed into line bundles for every positive integer $e$. Conversely, if a smooth projective variety $X$ satisfies this property and its Kodaira dimension is non-negative, then $X$ is an ordinary abelian variety.
Let $X$ be an ordinary smooth curve defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 2. The absolute Frobenius induces a rational map $F$ on the moduli space $M_X$ of rank 2 vector bundles with fixed trivial determinant. If the genus of $X$ is 2, the moduli space $M_X$ is isomorphic to projective space of dimension 3 (as over the complex numbers). In this case we explicitly give the equations of $F$, which enables us to determine, for example, its base locus (one point) and its image (different from $M_X$).
We formulate a conjecture characterizing smooth projective varieties in positive characteristic whose Frobenius morphism can be lifted modulo $p^2$ - we expect that such varieties, after a finite étale cover, admit a toric fibration over an ordinary abelian variety. We prove that this assertion implies a conjecture of Occhetta and Wiśniewski, which states that in characteristic zero a smooth image of a projective toric variety is a toric variety. To this end we analyse the behaviour of toric varieties in families showing some generization and specialization results. Furthermore, we prove a pos…
We describe the possible noncommutative deformations of complex projective three-space by exhibiting the Calabi--Yau algebras that serve as their homogeneous coordinate rings. We prove that the space parametrizing such deformations has exactly six irreducible components, and we give explicit presentations for the generic members of each family in terms of generators and relations. The proof uses deformation quantization to reduce the problem to a similar classification of unimodular quadratic Poisson structures in four dimensions, which we extract from Cerveau and Lins Neto's classification of…
In this paper, we prove that a smooth projective variety $X$ of characteristic $p>0$ is an ordinary abelian variety if and only if $K_X$ is pseudo-effective and $F^e_*\mathcal O_X$ splits into a direct sum of line bundles for an integer $e$ with $p^e>2$.
We construct an isomorphism of graded Frobenius algebras between the orbifold Chow ring of weighted projective spaces and graded algebras of groups of roots of the unity.
This paper is a sequel to arXiv:1209.5550 where the notion of mixed Frobenius structure (MFS) was introduced as a generalization of the structure of a Frobenius manifold. Roughly speaking, the MFS is defined by replacing a metric of the Frobenius manifold with a filtration on the tangent bundle equipped with metrics on its graded quotients. The purpose of the current paper is to construct a MFS on the cohomology of a smooth projective variety whose multiplication is the non-equivariant limit of the quantum product twisted by a concave vector bundle. We show that such a MFS is naturally obtaine…
Let $X$ be a smooth proper genus 2 curve over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 2. The absolute Frobenius induces a rational map $F$ on the the moduli space $M\_X$ of semi-stable rank 2 vector bundles over $X$, which is isomorphic to a 3-dimensional projective space. Y. Laszlo and C. Pauly recently gave the equations of $F$ for an ordinary $X$. Using deformation, we give these equations for a supersingular $X$ and draw some consequences such as the base locus of $F$ (one point), or the stability of the complementary Zariski open set.
In the first part of this paper, we introduce the notion of "cyclic stratum" of a Frobenius manifold $M$. This is the set of points of the extended manifold $\mathbb C^*\times M$ at which the unit vector field is a cyclic vector for the isomonodromic system defined by the flatness condition of the extended deformed connection. The study of the geometry of the complement of the cyclic stratum is addressed. We show that at points of the cyclic stratum, the isomonodromic system attached to $M$ can be reduced to a scalar differential equation, called the "master differential equation" of $M$. In t…
Recently, it has been shown that the statistical manifold, related to exponential families, has a Frobenius manifold structure and appears as the fourth class of Frobenius manifolds. It has a structure of a projective manifold over a rank two Frobenius algebra $\frak{A}$, being the algebra of paracomplex numbers and generated by $1, ε$ such that $ε^2=1$. This result is a key step towards an algebraization of the results concerning the manifold of probability distributions and thus offers a new perspective on it. In this paper, we prove that the fourth Frobenius manifold is decomposed into a pa…
