The paper studies a higher order unfitted finite element method for the Stokes system posed on a surface in three-dimensional space. The method employs generalized Taylor-Hood finite element pairs on tetrahedral bulk mesh to discretize the Stokes system on embedded surface. Stability and optimal order convergence results are proved. The proofs include a complete quantification of geometric errors stemming from approximate parametric representation of the surface. Numerical experiments include formal convergence studies and an example of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability problem on the unit sphere.
In this paper a class of higher order finite element methods for the discretization of surface Stokes equations is studied. These methods are based on an unfitted finite element approach in which standard Taylor-Hood spaces on an underlying bulk mesh are used. For treating the constraint that the velocity must be tangential to the surface a penalty method is applied. Higher order geometry approximation is obtained by using a parametric trace finite element technique, known from the literature on trace finite element methods for scalar surface partial differential equations. Based on theoretica…
In this paper, we study the performance of the non-conforming least-squares spectral element method for Stokes problem. Generalized Stokes problem has been considered and the method is shown to be exponential accurate. The numerical method is nonconforming and higher order spectral element functions are used. The same order spectral element functions are used for both velocity and pressure variables. The normal equations in the least-squares formulation are solved efficiently using preconditioned conjugate gradient method. Various test cases are considered including the Stokes problem on curvi…
A nonconforming finite element method for the Stokes equations using the Crouzeix-Raviart element for the velocity and the standard linear element for the pressure
Two nonconforming finite element Stokes complexes starting from the conforming Lagrange element and ending with the nonconforming $P_1$-$P_0$ element for the Stokes equation in three dimensions are constructed. And commutative diagrams are also shown by combining nonconforming finite element Stokes complexes and interpolation operators. The lower order $\boldsymbol H(\textrm{grad}\textrm{curl})$-nonconforming finite element only has $14$ degrees of freedom, whose basis functions are explicitly given in terms of the barycentric coordinates. The $\boldsymbol H(\textrm{grad}\textrm{curl})$-noncon…
In this paper, we propose a finite element pair for incompressible Stokes problem. The pair uses a slightly enriched piecewise linear polynomial space for velocity and piecewise constant space for pressure, and is illustrated to be a lowest-degree conservative stable pair for the Stokes problem on general triangulations.
We construct finite element Stokes complexes on tetrahedral meshes in three-dimensional space. In the lowest order case, the finite elements in the complex have 4, 18, 16, and 1 degrees of freedom, respectively. As a consequence, we obtain gradcurl-conforming finite elements and inf-sup stable Stokes pairs on tetrahedra which fit into complexes. We show that the new elements lead to convergent algorithms for solving a gradcurl model problem as well as solving the Stokes system with precise divergence-free condition. We demonstrate the validity of the algorithms by numerical experiments.
We prove stability bounds for Stokes-like virtual element spaces in two and three dimensions. Such bounds are also instrumental in deriving optimal interpolation estimates. Furthermore, we develop some numerical tests in order to investigate the behaviour of the stability constants also from the practical side.
We consider the Virtual Element discretization of the Navier-Stokes equations coupled with the heat equation where the viscosity depends on the temperature. We present the Virtual Element discretization of the coupled problem, show its well-posedness, and prove optimal error estimates. Numerical experiments which confirm the theoretical error bounds are also presented.
In this paper we apply a nonconforming rotated bilinear tetrahedral element to the Stokes problem in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We show that the element is stable in combination with a piecewise linear, continuous, approximation of the pressure. This gives an approximation similar to the well known continuous $P^2-P^1$ Taylor$-$Hood element, but with fewer degrees of freedom. The element is a stable non-conforming low order element which fulfils Korn's inequality, leading to stability also in the case where the Stokes equations are written on stress form for use in the case of free surface flow.
The main goal of the paper is to show new stability and localization results for the finite element solution of the Stokes system in $W^{1,\infty}$ and $L^{\infty}$ norms under standard assumptions on the finite element spaces on quasi-uniform meshes in two and three dimensions. Although interior error estimates are well-developed for the elliptic problem, they appear to be new for the Stokes system on unstructured meshes. To obtain these results we extend previously known stability estimates for the Stokes system using regularized Green's functions.
Piecewise divergence-free nonconforming virtual elements are designed for Stokes problem in any dimensions. After introducing a local energy projector based on the Stokes problem and the stabilization, a divergence-free nonconforming virtual element method is proposed for Stokes problem. A detailed and rigorous error analysis is presented for the discrete method. An important property in the analysis is that the local energy projector commutes with the divergence operator. With the help of a divergence-free interpolation operator onto a generalized Raviart-Thomas element space, a pressure-robu…
In this paper, we propose a new numerical scheme for the coupled Stokes-Darcy model with Beavers-Joseph-Saffman interface condition. We use the weak Galerkin method to discretize the Stokes equation and the mixed finite element method to the Darcy equation. A discrete inf-sup condition is proved and optimal error estimates are also derived. Numerical experiments validate the theoretical analysis.
We propose a mixed finite element method for Stokes flow with one degree of freedom per element and facet of simplicial grids. The method is derived by considering the vorticity-velocity-pressure formulation and eliminating the vorticity locally through the use of a quadrature rule. The discrete solution is pointwise divergence-free and the method is pressure robust. The theoretically derived convergence rates are confirmed by numerical experiments.
Finite element de Rham complexes and finite element Stokes complexes with various smoothness in three dimensions are systematically constructed. First smooth scalar finite elements in three dimensions are derived through a non-overlapping decomposition of the simplicial lattice. Based on the smooth scalar finite elements, both H(div)-conforming finite elements and H(curl)-conforming finite elements with various smoothness are devised, which induce the finite element de Rham complexes with various smoothness and the associated commutative diagrams. The div stability is established for the H(div…
We consider non-conforming discretizations of the stationary Stokes equation in three spatial dimensions by Crouzeix-Raviart type elements. The original definition in the seminal paper by M. Crouzeix and P.-A. Raviart in 1973 is implicit and also contains substantial freedom for a concrete choice. In this paper, we introduce basic Crouzeix-Raviart basis functions in 3D in analogy to the 2D case in a fully explicit way. We prove that this basic CrouzeixRaviart element for the Stokes equation is inf-sup stable for polynomial degree $k =2$ (quadratic velocity approximation). We identify spurious …
In this article we obtain an optimal best approximation type result for fully discrete approximations of the transient Stokes problem. For the time discretization we use the discontinuous Galerkin method and for the spatial discretization we use standard finite elements for the Stokes problem satisfying the discrete inf-sup condition. The analysis uses the technique of discrete maximal parabolic regularity. The results require only natural assumptions on the data and do not assume any additional smoothness of the solutions.
The paper addresses stability and finite element analysis of the stationary two-phase Stokes problem with a piecewise constant viscosity coefficient experiencing a jump across the interface between two fluid phases. We first prove a priori estimates for the individual terms of the Cauchy stress tensor with stability constants independent of the viscosity coefficient. Next, this stability result is extended to the approximation of the two-phase Stokes problem by a finite element method. In the method considered, the interface between the phases does not respect the underlying triangulation, whi…
For the Stokes equation over 2D and 3D domains, explicit a posteriori and a priori error estimation are novelly developed for the finite element solution. The difficulty in handling the divergence-free condition of the Stokes equation is solved by utilizing the extended hypercircle method along with the Scott-Vogelius finite element scheme. Since all terms in the error estimation have explicit values, by further applying the interval arithmetic and verified computing algorithms, the computed results provide rigorous estimation for the approximation error. As an application of the proposed erro…
We consider the widely used continuous $\mathcal{Q}_{k}$-$\mathcal{Q}_{k-1}$ quadrilateral or hexahedral Taylor-Hood elements for the finite element discretization of the Stokes and generalized Stokes systems in two and three spatial dimensions. For the fast solution of the corresponding symmetric, but indefinite system of finite element equations, we propose and analyze matrix-free monolithic geometric multigrid solvers that are based on appropriately scaled Chebyshev-Jacobi smoothers. The analysis is based on results by Schöberl and Zulehner (2003). We present and discuss several numerical r…
First-order convergence in time and space is proved for a fully discrete semi-implicit finite element method for the two-dimensional Navier--Stokes equations with $L^2$ initial data in convex polygonal domains, without extra regularity assumptions or grid-ratio conditions. The proof utilises the smoothing properties of the Navier--Stokes equations, an appropriate duality argument, and the smallness of the numerical solution in the discrete $L^2(0,t_m;H^1)$ norm when $t_m$ is smaller than some constant. Numerical examples are provided to support the theoretical analysis.
Postprocessing and Higher Order Convergence of Stabilized Finite Element Discretizations of the Stokes Eigenvalue Problem
LSEC, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院计算数学与科学工程计算实验室）；Institute for Analysis and Computational Mathematics, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg（马格德堡奥托·冯·格里克大学分析与计算数学研究所）
We develop a formal construction of a pointwise divergence-free basis in the nonconforming virtual element method of arbitrary order for the Stokes problem introduced in [19]. The proposed construction can be seen as a generalization of the divergence-free basis in Crouzeix-Raviart finite element space [10, 17] to the virtual element space. Using the divergence-free basis obtained from our construction, we can eliminate the pressure variable from the mixed system and obtain a symmetric positive definite system. Several numerical tests are presented to confirm the efficiency and the accuracy of…
Pressure-Robust Fortin-Soulie Elements of the Stokes Equation on Curved Domains
Peking University（北京大学）；Chongqing Research Institute of Big Data, Peking University（北京大学重庆大数据研究院）；Institut für Mathematik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena（耶拿弗里德里希·席勒大学数学研究所）
A new discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for the Stokes equations is developed in the primary velocity-pressure formulation. This method employs discontinuous polynomials for both velocity and pressure on general polygonal/polyhedral meshes. Most finite element methods with discontinuous approximation have one or more stabilizing terms for velocity and for pressure to guarantee stability and convergence. This new finite element method has the standard conforming finite element formulation, without any velocity or pressure stabilizers. Optimal-order error estimates are established for…
We analyse a Eulerian Finite Element method, combining a Eulerian time-stepping scheme applied to the time-dependent Stokes equations using the CutFEM approach with inf-sup stable Taylor-Hood elements for the spatial discretisation. This is based on the method introduced by Lehrenfeld \& Olshanskii [ESAIM: M2AN 53(2):585--614] in the context of a scalar convection-diffusion problems on moving domains, and extended to the non-stationary Stokes problem on moving domains by Burman, Frei \& Massing [arXiv:1910.03054 [math.NA]] using stabilised equal-order elements. The analysis includes the geomet…
In this paper we develop an a priori error analysis of a new unified mixed finite element method for the coupling of fluid flow with porous media flow in $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N\in\{2,3\}$ on isotropic meshes. Flows are governed by the Stokes and Darcy equations, respectively, and the corresponding transmission conditions are given by mass conservation, balance of normal forces, and the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman law. The approach utilizes a modification of the Darcy problem which allows us to apply a variant nonconforming Crouzeix-Raviart finite element to the whole coupled Stokes-Darcy problem. The w…
A mixed finite element method for nearly incompressible elasticity and Stokes equations using primal and dual meshes with quadrilateral and hexahedral grids
We analyse the p- and hp-versions of the virtual element method (VEM) for the the Stokes problem on a polygonal domain. The key tool in the analysis is the existence of a bijection between Poisson-like and Stokes-like VE spaces for the velocities. This allows us to re-interpret the standard VEM for Stokes as a VEM, where the test and trial discrete velocities are sought in Poisson-like VE spaces. The upside of this fact is that we inherit from [7] an explicit analysis of best interpolation results in VE spaces, as well as stabilization estimates that are explicit in terms of the degree of accu…
In this paper we analyze a virtual element method (VEM) for a pseudostress formulation of the Stokes eigenvalue problem. This formulation allows to eliminate the velocity and the pressure, leading to an elliptic formulation where the only unknown is the pseudostress tensor. The velocity and pressure can be recovered by a post-process. Adapting the non-compact operator theory, we prove that our method provides a correct approximation of the spectrum and is spurious free. We prove a priori error estimates, with optimal order, which we confirm with some numerical tests.
This paper will suggest a new finite element method to find a $P^4$-velocity and a $P^3$-pressure solving Stokes equations. The method solves first the decoupled equation for the $P^4$-velocity. Then, four kinds of local $P^3$-pressures and one $P^0$-pressure will be calculated in a successive way. If we superpose them, the resulting $P^3$-pressure shows the optimal order of convergence same as a $P^3$-projection. The chief time cost of the new method is on solving two linear systems for the $P^4$-velocity and $P^0$-pressure, respectively.
We present a priori and superconvergence error estimates of mixed finite element methods for the pseudostress-velocity formulation of the Oseen equation. In particular, we derive superconvergence estimates for the velocity and a priori error estimates under unstructured grids, and obtain superconvergence results for the pseudostress under certain structured grids. A variety of numerical experiments validate the theoretical results and illustrate the effectiveness of the superconvergent recovery-based adaptive mesh refinement. It is also numerically shown that the proposed postprocessing yields…
