Denis Gaidashev, Igors Gorbovickis
We construct complex a-priori bounds for certain infinitely renormalizable Lorenz maps. As a corollary, we show that renormalization is a real-analytic operator on the corresponding space of Lorenz maps.
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We obtain the complete conjugacy invariants of expansive Lorenz maps and for any given two expansive Lorenz maps, there are two unique sequences of $(β_{i},α_{i})$ pairs. In this way, we can define the classification of expansive Lorenz maps. Moreover, we investigate the uniform linearization of expansive Lorenz maps through periodic renormalization.
Lorenz maps are maps of the unit interval with one critical point of order rho>1, and a discontinuity at that point. They appear as return maps of leafs of sections of the geometric Lorenz flow. We construct real a priori bounds for renormalizable Lorenz maps with certain monotone combinatorics, and use these bounds to show existence of periodic points of renormalization, as well as existence of Cantor attractors for dynamics of infinitely renormalizable Lorenz maps.
The existence of smooth families of Lorenz maps exhibiting all possible dynamical behavior is established and the structure of the parameter space of these families is described.
A symmetric Lorenz map is obtain by ``flipping'' one of the two branches of a symmetric unimodal map. We use this to derive a Sharkovsky-like theorem for symmetric Lorenz maps, and also to find cases where the unimodal map restricted to the critical omega-limit set is conjugate to a Sturmian shift. This has connections with properties of unimodal inverse limit spaces embedded as attractors of some planar homeomorphisms.
We study rates of mixing for small random perturbations of one dimensional Lorenz maps. Using a random tower construction, we prove that, for Holder observables, the random system admits exponential rates of quenched correlation decay.
A Lorenz map is a Poincaré map for a three-dimensional Lorenz flow. We describe the theory of renormalization for Lorenz maps with a critical point and prove that a restriction of the renormalization operator acting on such maps has a hyperbolic fixed point. The proof is computer assisted and we include a detailed exposition on how to make rigorous estimates using a computer as well as the implementation of the estimates.
We study the non-wandering set of $C^3$ contracting Lorenz maps $f$ with negative Schwarzian derivative. We show that if $f$ doesn't have attracting periodic orbit, then there is a unique topological attractor. Precisely, there is a transitive compact set $Λ$ such that $ω_f(x)=Λ$ for a residual set of points $x \in [0,1]$. We also develop in the context of Lorenz maps the classical theory of spectral decomposition constructed for Axiom A maps by Smale.
For each piecewise linear Lorenz map that expand on average, we show that it admits a dichotomy: it is either periodic renormalizable or prime. As a result, such a map is conjugate to a $β$-transformation.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for the symbolic dynamics of a Lorenz map to be fully embedded in the symbolic dynamics of a piecewise continuous interval map are given. As an application of this result, we describe a new algorithm for calculating the topological entropy of a Lorenz map.
We consider a class of piecewise hyperbolic maps from the unit square to itself preserving a contracting foliation and inducing a piecewise expanding quotient map, with infinite derivative (like the first return maps of Lorenz like flows). We show how the physical measure of those systems can be rigorously approximated with an explicitly given bound on the error, with respect to the Wasserstein distance. We apply this to the rigorous computation of the dimension of the measure. We present a rigorous implementation of the algorithms using interval arithmetics, and the result of the computation …
Stochastic stability for weakly hyperbolic contracting Lorenz maps
研究满足指数1可和条件的随机扰动收缩洛伦兹映射的扩张性质，证明在强意义下随机稳定性，即平稳测度密度收敛到未扰动映射物理测度密度的L1范数。
We study the non-wandering set of contracting Lorenz maps. We show that if such a map $f$ doesn't have any attracting periodic orbit, then there is a unique topological attractor. Precisely, there is a compact set $Λ$ such that $ω_f(x)=Λ$ for a residual set of points $x \in [0,1]$. Furthermore, we classify the possible kinds of attractors that may occur.
A physical measure on the attractor of a system describes the statistical behavior of typical orbits. An example occurs in unimodal dynamics. Namely, all infinitely renormalizable unimodal maps have a physical measure. For Lorenz dynamics, even in the simple case of infinitely renormalizable systems, the existence of physical measures is more delicate. In this article we construct examples of infinitely renormalizable Lorenz maps which do not have a physical measure. A priori bounds on the geometry play a crucial role in (unimodal) dynamics. There are infinitely renormalizable Lorenz maps whic…
On the continuity of entropy of Lorenz maps
本文研究了洛伦茨映射熵随不连续点变化的连续性，并探讨了米尔诺单调性猜想。
In this paper under similar conditions to that Shaskov and Shil'nikov [1994] we show that a C^{k+1} Lorenz-type map T has a C^{k} foliation which is invariant under T. This allows us to associate T to a C^{k} one-dimensional transformation.
We establish dynamical Borel-Cantelli lemmas for nested balls and rectangles centered at generic points in the setting of geometric Lorenz maps. We also establish extreme value statistics for observations maximized at generic points for geometric Lorenz maps and the associated flow.
For a 2-dimensional map representing an expanding geometric Lorenz at- tractor we prove that the attractor is the closure of a union of as long as possible unstable leaves with ending points. This allows to define the notion of good measures, those giving full measure to the union of these open leaves. Then, for any Hölder continuous potential we prove that there exists at most one relative equilibrium state among the set of good measures. Condition yielding existence are given.
Lyapunov Exponent and Stochastic Stability for Infinitely Renormalizable Lorenz Maps
本文研究无限可重整压缩 Lorenz 映射，证明在有界几何或先验界条件下其临界值满足慢回归，并据此得到零逐点 Lyapunov 指数与随机稳定性。
Renormalization in Lorenz maps -- completely invariant sets and periodic orbits
本文研究扩张Lorenz映射的动力学，利用解析与符号方法揭示周期点、完全不变集与重整化的联系，提出检测可恢复重整化的算法，并区分单侧与双侧原像，完善了该领域的动力学描述。
Based on symbolic dynamics of Lorenz maps, we prove that, pro- vided one conjecture due to Morton is true, then Lorenz knots asso- ciated to orbits of points in the renormalization intervals of Lorenz maps with reducible kneading invariant of type (X,Y) * S, where the sequences X and Y are Farey neighbors verifying some conditions, are hyperbolic.
It was established in 2006 that bifurcations of three-dimensional diffeomorphisms with a homoclinic tangency to a saddle-focus fixed point with the Jacobian equal to 1 can lead to Lorenz-like strange attractors. In the present paper we prove an analogous result for three-dimensional diffeomorphisms with a homoclinic tangency to a saddle fixed point with the Jacobian equal to 1, provided the quadratic homoclinic tangency under consideration is non-simple.
Consider piecewise linear Lorenz maps on $[0, 1]$ of the following form \[ f_{a,b,c}(x)= {ll} ax+1-ac & x \in [0, c) b(x-c) & x \in (c, 1].\] We prove that $f_{a,b,c}$ admits an absolutely continuous invariant probability measure (acim) $μ$ with respect to the Lebesgue measure if and only if $f_{a,b,c}(0) \le f_{a,b,c}(1)$, i.e. $ac+(1-c)b \ge 1$. The acim is unique and ergodic unless $f_{a,b,c}$ is conjugate to a rational rotation. The equivalence between the acim and the Lebesgue measure is also fully investigated via the renormalization theory.
Lorenz attractors play an important role in the modern theory of dynamical systems. The reason is that they are robust, i.e. preserve their chaotic properties under various kinds of perturbations. This means that such attractors can exist in applied models and be observed in experiments. It is known that discrete Lorenz attractors can appear in local and global bifurcations of multidimensional diffeomorphisms. However, to date, only partial cases were investigated. In this paper bifurcations of homoclinic and heteroclinic cycles with quadratic tangencies of invariant manifolds are studied. A f…
Open dynamical systems in topologically expansive decreasing Lorenz maps
本文为拓扑扩张递减Lorenz映射建立奇偶敏感性容许性理论，通过嵌入标准圆映射实现递减容许对，并研究负加倍映射带洞时的幸存者空间，证明维数函数为魔鬼阶梯，在拉回零条件下推广熵结果。
Given an one-dimensional Lorenz-like expanding map we prove that the condition\linebreak $P_{top}(ϕ,\partial \mathcal{P},\ell)<P_{top}(ϕ,\ell)$ (see, subsection 2.4 for definition), introduced by Buzzi and Sarig in [1] is satisfied for all continuous potentials $ϕ:[0,1]\longrightarrow \mathbb{R}$. We apply this to prove that quasi-Hölder-continuous potentials (see, subsection 2.2 for definition) have at most one equilibrium measure and we construct a family of continuous but not Hölder and neither weak Hölder continuous potentials for which we observe phase transitions. Indeed, this class incl…
Spectral gap and quantitative statistical stability for systems with contracting fibers and Lorenz-like maps
研究保持收缩叶理且商映射满足Lasota-Yorke不等式的系统，证明转移算子有谱间隙并给出定量估计；对类Lorenz二维映射，证明其统计稳定性，扰动下物理测度连续模为O(δlogδ)，渐近最优。
Quenched decay of correlations for random contracting Lorenz maps
本文研究了接近罗韦拉参数的随机收缩洛伦茨映射，证明了其退火相关性呈指数衰减。
Numerical Transitivity and Numerical Leo Properties for Lorenz Maps with Applications to Courbage-Nekorkin-Vdovin Neuron Model
本研究通过数值传递性和LEO测试分析CNV神经元模型的动态行为，揭示混沌特征及混沌状态的检测方法。
We study bifurcations of periodic orbits in three parameter general unfoldings of certain types quadratic homoclinic tangencies to saddle fixed points. We apply the rescaling technique to first return (Poincaré) maps and show that the rescaled maps can be brought to a map asymptotically close to the 3D Henon map $\bar x=y,\bar y=z,\bar z = M_1 + M_2 y + B x - z^2$ which, as known, exhibits wild hyperbolic Lorenz-like attractors in some open domains of the parameters. Based on this, we prove the existence of infinite cascades of Lorenz-like attractors.
We describe the Lorenz links generated by renormalizable Lorenz maps with reducible kneading invariant $(K_f^-,K_f^+)=(X,Y)*(S,W)$, in terms of the links corresponding to each factor. This gives one new kind of operation that permits us to generate new knots and links from old. Using this result we obtain explicit formulas for the genus and the braid index of this renormalizable Lorenz knots and links. Then we obtain explicit formulas for sequences of these invariants, associated to sequences of renormalizable Lorenz maps with kneading invariant $(X,Y)*(S,W)^{*n}$, concluding that both grow ex…
Let $L:[0,1]\setminus\{d\}\rightarrow [0,1]$ be a one-dimensional Lorenz like expanding map ($d$ is the point of discontinuity), $\mathcal{P}=\{ (0,d),(d,1) \}$ be a partition of $[0,1]$ and $C^α([0,1],\mathcal{P})$ the set of piecewise Hölder-continuous potential of [0,1] with the usual $\mathcal{C}^0$ topology. In this context, we prove, improving a result of \cite{BS03}, that piecewise Hölder-continuous potential $ϕ$ satisfying \linebreak $\max\left\{ \limsup_{n \rightarrow \infty}\frac{1}{n}(S_{n}ϕ)(0),\limsup_{n \rightarrow \infty}\frac{1}{n}(S_{n}ϕ)(1)\right\}<P_{\text{top}}(ϕ,T)$ suppor…
Lorenz attractors are important objects in the modern theory of chaos. The reason from one side is that they are met in various natural applications (fluid dynamics, mechanics, laser dynamics, etc.). At the same time, Lorenz attractors are robust, in the sense that they are generally not destroyed by small perturbations (autonomous, non-autonomous, stochastic). This allows us to be sure that the observed in the experiment object is exactly the chaotic attractor, rather than a long-time periodic orbit. Discrete-time analogs of the Lorenz attractor possess even more complicated structure -- they…
We consider infinitely renormalizable Lorenz maps with real critical exponent $α>1$ and combinatorial type which is monotone and satisfies a long return condition. For these combinatorial types we prove the existence of periodic points of the renormalization operator, and that each map in the limit set of renormalization has an associated unstable manifold. An unstable manifold defines a family of Lorenz maps and we prove that each infinitely renormalizable combinatorial type (satisfying the above conditions) has a unique representative within such a family. We also prove that each infinitely …
In this paper we prove that a class of skew products maps with non uniformly hyperbolic base has exponential decay of correlations. We apply this to obtain a logarithm law for the hitting time associated to a contracting Lorenz attractor at all the points having a well defined local dimension, and a quantitative recurrence estimation.
We prove that every geometric Lorenz attractor has superpolynomial decay of correlations with respect to the unique SRB measure. Moreover, we prove the Central Limit Theorem and Almost Sure Invariance Principle for the time-1 map of the flow of geometric Lorenz attractors. In particular, our results apply to the classical Lorenz attractor.
We show that there is a bijection between the renormalizations and proper completely invariant closed sets of expanding Lorenz map, which enable us to distinguish periodic and non-periodic renormalizations. Based on the properties of periodic orbit of minimal period, the minimal completely invariant closed set is constructed. Topological characterizations of the renormalizations and $α$-limit sets are obtained via consecutive renormalizations. Some properties of periodic renormalizations are collected in Appendix.
The order of orbit generation in one-dimensional Lorenz-like maps is presented within a two letter symbolics scheme. This order is derived from the natural order of a set of fractions associated to the binary sequences. Its relation to the universal sequence of unimodal maps is explained.
It is known that nonuniformly hyperbolic maps admitting singularities have at most countably many ergodic Sinai-Ruelle-Bowen (SRB) measures. These maps include the Belykh attractor, the geometric Lorenz attractor, and more general Lorenz-type systems. In this paper, we establish easily verifiable sufficient conditions guaranteeing that the number of ergodic SRB measures is at most finite, and provide examples and nonexamples showing that the conditions are necessary in general.
Topological expansive Lorenz maps with a hole at critical point
本文研究扩张 Lorenz 映射在临界点处设洞时的幸存集符号结构、洞区间稳定性，并证明拓扑熵与 Hausdorff 维数随洞端点变化呈魔鬼阶梯。
We present a proof of the existence of a renormalization fixed point for Lorenz maps of the simplest non-unimodal combinatorial type ({0,1},{1,0,0}), and with a critical point of arbitrary order rho>1.
We study the one-dimensional expanding Lorenz maps and show the existence of dense subset D of Lorens maps such that each f in D has an uncountable set of ergodic invariant probabilities with infinite Lyapunov exponent and positive entropy. Such measures may appear when the singularity has fast recurrence to itself. Conversely, if the singularity has slow recurrence to itself then the Lorenz map has an upper bound to the Lyapunov exponent of all invariant measures.
We construct an invariant measure for a piecewise analytic interval map whose Lyapunov exponent is not defined. Moreover, for a set of full measure, the pointwise Lyapunov exponent is not defined. This map has a Lorenz-like singularity and non-flat critical points.
Two bifurcation sets of expansive Lorenz maps with a hole at the critical point
本文针对临界点处带洞的扩张洛伦兹映射，定义了含洞生存集，固定$a\in[0,c]$后研究两个分岔集$E_f(a)$和$B_f(a)$，通过组合重整化刻画最大平台并得到两者相等的充要条件，部分推广了现有结果。
Complex a priori bounds for multicritical circle maps with bounded type rotation number
本文研究了具有多个临界点和有界型旋转数的圆同胚，证明了其复先验界，并得出具有相同有界型旋转数的双三次圆映射具有 $C^{1+α}$ 刚性的结论。
Maps with no a priori bounds
该研究针对有理函数卫星情形下的类多项式映射，给出仅依赖相对周期与次数的模上界，否定无界相对周期下的先验界，并将工具拓展至无穷可重整化场景的相关几何量研究。
The renormalization of a quadratic-like map is studied. The three-dimensional Yoccoz puzzle for an infinitely renormalizable quadratic-like map is discussed. For an unbranched quadratic-like map having the {\sl a priori} complex bounds, the local connectivity of its Julia set is proved by using the three-dimensional Yoccoz puzzle. The generalized version of Sullivan's sector theorem is discussed and is used to prove his result that the Feigenbaum quadratic polynomial has the {\sl a priori} complex bounds and is unbranched. A dense subset on the boundary of the Mandelbrot set is constructed so …
We consider some general classes of random dynamical systems and show that a priori very weak nonuniform hyperbolicity conditions actually imply uniform hyperbolicity.
We extend Sullivan's complex a priori bounds to real quadratic polynomials with essentially bounded combinatorics. Combined with the previous results of the first author, this yields complex bounds for all real quadratics. Local connectivity of the corresponding Julia sets follows.
Uniform a priori bounds for neutral renormalization. Variation II: $ψ^\bullet$-ql Siegel maps
本研究将中性二次多项式的一致伪Siegel界推广至$ψ^\ullet$-类二次Siegel映射，证明Siegel盘退化在组合区间上等分布，精确刻画了该结构除过渡标度外各几何标度下的退化特征，且界可迁移至多类有理映射族。
We use the methods developed with M. Lyubich for proving complex bounds for real quadratics to extend E. De Faria's complex a priori bounds to all critical circle maps with an irrational rotation number. The contracting property for renormalizations of critical circle maps follows. In the Appendix we give an application of the complex bounds for proving local connectivity of some Julia sets.
We prove that the Julia set $J(f)$ of at most finitely renormalizable unicritical polynomial $f:z\mapsto z^d+c$ with all periodic points repelling is locally connected. (For $d=2$ it was proved by Yoccoz around 1990.) It follows from a priori bounds in a modified Principle Nest of puzzle pieces. The proof of a priori bounds makes use of new analytic tools developed in math.DS/0505191 that give control of moduli of annuli under maps of high degree.
A Priori Bounds for Hénon-like Renormalization
本文在正则性假设下为 Hénon 型映射的重整化建立先验界，从而获得小尺度动力学的均匀控制与重整化序列的预紧性，为后续证明重整化收敛等结果奠定基础。
A decoration of the Mandelbrot set $M$ is a part of $M$ cut off by two external rays landing at some tip of a satellite copy of $M$ attached to the main cardioid. In this paper we consider infinitely renormalizable quadratic polynomials satisfying the decoration condition, which means that the combinatorics of the renormalization operators involved is selected from a finite family of decorations. For this class of maps we prove {\it a priori} bounds. They imply local connectivity of the corresponding Julia sets and the Mandelbrot set at the corresponding parameter values.
In this paper we prove complex bounds, also referred to as a priori bounds, for real analytic (and even C3) interval maps. This means that we associate to such a map a complex box mapping (which provides a kind of Markov structure), together with universal geometric bounds on the shape of the domains. Such bounds show that the first return maps to these domains are well-controlled, and consequently form one of the corner stones in many recent results on one-dimensional dynamics: renormalisation theory, rigidity results, density of hyperbolicity, local connectivity.
A priori bounds and degeneration of Herman rings with bounded type rotation number
本文通过构造具有任意度数和组合学的有理映射，证明了具有有界类型旋转数的Herman环退化为Herman曲线，并展示了Herman曲线的重正化理论的存在。
We describe methods for proving bounds on infinite-time averages in differential dynamical systems. The methods rely on the construction of nonnegative polynomials with certain properties, similarly to the way nonlinear stability can be proved using Lyapunov functions. Nonnegativity is enforced by requiring the polynomials to be sums of squares, a condition which is then formulated as a semidefinite program (SDP) that can be solved computationally. Although such computations are subject to numerical error, we demonstrate two ways to obtain rigorous results: using interval arithmetic to control…
We investigate the iterative behaviour of continuous order preserving subhomogeneous maps that map a polyhedral cone into itself. For these maps we show that every bounded orbit converges to a periodic orbit and, moreover, that there exists an a priori upper bound for the periods of periodic points that only depends on the number of facets of the polyhedral cone. By constructing examples on the standard positive cone, we show that the upper bound is asymptotically sharp. These results are an extension of recent work by Lemmens and Scheutzow concerning periodic orbits in the interior of the sta…
Let $f: S^1\to S^1$ be a $C^3$ homeomorphism without periodic points having a finite number of critical points of power-law type. In this paper we establish real a-priori bounds, on the geometry of orbits of $f$, which are beau in the sense of Sullivan, i.e. bounds that are asymptotically universal at small scales. The proof of the beau bounds presented here is an adaptation, to the multicritical setting, of the one given by the second author and de Melo, for the case of a single critical point.
There are two natural definitions of the Julia set for complex Hénon maps: the sets $J$ and $J^\star$. Whether these two sets are always equal is one of the main open questions in the field. We prove equality when the map acts hyperbolically on the a priori smaller set $J^\star$, under the additional hypothesis of substantial dissipativity. This result was claimed, without using the additional assumption, in the paper [For06], but the proof is incomplete. Our proof closely follows ideas from [For06], deviating at two points where substantial dissipativity is used. We show that $J = J^\star$ al…
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