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arXiv 1808.03342math.AP
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节点集的局部和全局分析

Local and global analysis of nodal sets

Steve Zelditch

摘要:

本文是为JDG 50周年会议所作的关于紧致黎曼流形上拉普拉斯算子本征函数节点集的最新结果综述。这些技术部分是“局部的”,即仅假设本征函数是在小球上定义的,部分是“全局的”,即利用测地流的动态。局部部分首先回顾了倍增指数和频率函数作为本征函数快速或缓慢增长的局部措施。具有最大加倍指数的盒子的模式在Logunov-Malinnokova的结果中起着核心作用,给出了在一般$C^{\infty}$度量的设置中节点集的超曲面测度的上界和下界。给出了它们的多项式上界和尖下界的证明。调查继续与全球证明的尖锐上界真正的分析指标(最初证明了唐纳利-弗曼与当地的论点),使用解析延拓格劳尔特管。然后回顾了Toth-Zelditch在实解析背景下给出的关于节点集与实解析子流形相交的Hausdorff测度的精确上界的结果。最后,它去了Jung-Zelditch的下界的情况下,非正曲率和凹边界的$C^{\infty}$表面或负弯曲的“真正的”黎曼曲面,这是基于遍历性质的测地流和本征函数的节点域的数量,并对本征函数的限制超曲面的估计。最后一节详细介绍了限制措施的最新成果。

英文摘要:

This is a survey for the JDG 50th Anniversary conference of recent results on nodal sets of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian on a compact Riemannian manifold. In part the techniques are `local', i.e. only assuming eigenfunctions are defined on small balls, and in part the techniques are `global', i.e. exploiting dynamics of the geodesic flow. The local part begins with a review of doubling indices and freqeuency functions as local measures of fast or slow growth of eigenfunctions. The pattern of boxes with maximal doubling indices plays a central role in the results of Logunov-Malinnokova, giving upper and lower bounds for hypersurface measures of nodal sets in the setting of general $C^{\infty}$ metrics. The proofs of both their polynomial upper bound and sharp lower bound are sketched. The survey continues with a global proof of the sharp upper bound for real analytic metrics (originally proved by Donnelly-Fefferman with local arguments), using analytic continuation to Grauert tubes. Then it reviews results of Toth-Zelditch giving sharp upper bounds on Hausdorff measures of intersections of nodal sets with real analytic submanifolds in the real analytic setting. Last, it goes over lower bounds of Jung-Zelditch on numbers of nodal domains in the case of $C^{\infty}$ surfaces of non-positive curvature and concave boundary or on negatively curved `real' Riemann surfaces, which are based on ergodic properties of the geodesic flow and eigenfunctions, and on estimates of restrictions of eigenfunctions to hypersurfaces. The last section details recent results on restrictions.

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