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arXiv 1710.09830math.AC
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局部环上Macaulay2的计算

Computations over Local Rings in Macaulay2

Mahrud Sayrafi

摘要:

局部环在代数几何中是普遍存在的。它们不仅在几何意义上自然有意义,而且它们非常有用,因为许多问题可以通过首先简化到局部情况并利用其良好的性质来解决。例如,环$R$的任何局部化在$R$上是平坦的。类似地,当研究局部环上的有限生成模时,投射性、平坦性和自由性都是等价的。我们介绍Macaulay 2的PruneComplex,Localization和LocalRings包。第一个软件包包括修剪链复形的方法在多项式环和他们的本地化在素理想。第二个包包含这种局部环的实现。最后,第三个软件包实现了各种计算的局部环,包括syzygies,最小的自由分解,长度,最小的发电机和介绍,和希尔伯特-塞缪尔函数。本文的主要工具和程序涉及同调方法。特别地,许多结果依赖于计算局部环上模的最小自由分解。

英文摘要:

Local rings are ubiquitous in algebraic geometry. Not only are they naturally meaningful in a geometric sense, but also they are extremely useful as many problems can be attacked by first reducing to the local case and taking advantage of their nice properties. Any localization of a ring $R$, for instance, is flat over $R$. Similarly, when studying finitely generated modules over local rings, projectivity, flatness, and freeness are all equivalent. We introduce the packages PruneComplex, Localization and LocalRings for Macaulay2. The first package consists of methods for pruning chain complexes over polynomial rings and their localization at prime ideals. The second package contains the implementation of such local rings. Lastly, the third package implements various computations for local rings, including syzygies, minimal free resolutions, length, minimal generators and presentation, and the Hilbert--Samuel function. The main tools and procedures in this paper involve homological methods. In particular, many results depend on computing the minimal free resolution of modules over local rings.

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