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arXiv 1706.07307cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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用分子动力学模拟理解铝凝固过程中的均匀形核

Understanding Homogeneous Nucleation in Solidification of Aluminum by Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Avik Mahata, Mohsen Asle Zaeem, Michael I. Baskes

摘要:

采用改进的嵌入原子方法(MEAM)势,采用百万原子分子动力学(MD)模拟方法研究了铝熔体的均匀形核过程。在不受压力、自由表面效应和杂质影响的情况下,铝熔体可以自然地自发均匀形核。研究了过冷铝熔体在不同恒温条件下等温形核,过热铝熔体在不同冷却速率下淬火。测定了晶核的晶体结构、临界晶核尺寸、均匀成核的临界温度、诱导时间和成核速率。淬火模拟清楚地揭示了三个温度制度:亚临界形核,超临界形核,和固态晶粒生长制度。主晶相被确定为面心立方(fcc),但六方密堆积(hcp)和非晶态固体相也被检测到。铝熔体在凝固过程中由于层错的形成而产生六方晶系相。通过降低冷却速率,六方晶系和非晶相的体积分数降低。在盒体完全凝固后,模拟晶粒生长,并确定不同退火温度下的晶粒生长指数。

英文摘要:

Homogeneous nucleation from aluminum (Al) melt was investigated by million-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations utilizing the second nearest neighbor modified embedded atom method (MEAM) potentials. The natural spontaneous homogenous nucleation from the Al melt was produced without any influence of pressure, free surface effects and impurities. Initially isothermal crystal nucleation from undercooled melt was studied at different constant temperatures, and later superheated Al melt was quenched with different cooling rates. The crystal structure of nuclei, critical nucleus size, critical temperature for homogenous nucleation, induction time, and nucleation rate were determined. The quenching simulations clearly revealed three temperature regimes: sub-critical nucleation, super-critical nucleation, and solid-state grain growth regimes. The main crystalline phase was identified as face-centered cubic (fcc), but a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and an amorphous solid phase were also detected. The hcp phase was created due to the formation of stacking faults during solidification of Al melt. By slowing down the cooling rate, the volume fraction of hcp and amorphous phases decreased. After the box was completely solid, grain growth was simulated and the grain growth exponent was determined for different annealing temperatures.

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