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arXiv 1705.03488math.NT
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广义因子和函数的精确公式

Exact Formulas for the Generalized Sum-of-Divisors Functions

Maxie D. Schmidt

摘要:

证明了广义因子和函数$σ_α(x) := \sum_{d|x} d^α$的新的精确公式。当$α\in \mathbb{C}$固定且$x \geq 1$涉及所有素因子$n \leq x$和涉及$r$阶调和数序列及Ramanujan和$c_d(x)$的项的有限和时,$σ_α(x)$的公式。当$r > 1$为整数时,广义调和数列对应于Riemann zeta函数的部分和,当$r \leq 0$为整数时,广义调和数列对应于广义Bernoulli数.我们的新的扩展的Lambert系列生成函数的广义因子函数的一个关键部分是形成通过取对数导数的分圆多项式,$Φ_n(q)$,它完全分解成不可约的多项式在$q$的Lambert系列条款$(1-q^n)^{-1}$。我们专注于这些精确表达式的计算方面,包括它们与实验数学的相互作用,以及$σ_α(n)$和求和函数$\sum_{n \leq x} σ_α(n)$的新公式的比较。关键词:因子函数;因子和函数;朗伯级数;完全数。海安会(2010):30 B50; 11 N64; 11 B83

英文摘要:

We prove new exact formulas for the generalized sum-of-divisors functions, $σ_α(x) := \sum_{d|x} d^α$. The formulas for $σ_α(x)$ when $α\in \mathbb{C}$ is fixed and $x \geq 1$ involves a finite sum over all of the prime factors $n \leq x$ and terms involving the $r$-order harmonic number sequences and the Ramanujan sums $c_d(x)$. The generalized harmonic number sequences correspond to the partial sums of the Riemann zeta function when $r > 1$ and are related to the generalized Bernoulli numbers when $r \leq 0$ is integer-valued. A key part of our new expansions of the Lambert series generating functions for the generalized divisor functions is formed by taking logarithmic derivatives of the cyclotomic polynomials, $Φ_n(q)$, which completely factorize the Lambert series terms $(1-q^n)^{-1}$ into irreducible polynomials in $q$. We focus on the computational aspects of these exact expressions, including their interplay with experimental mathematics, and comparisons of the new formulas for $σ_α(n)$ and the summatory functions $\sum_{n \leq x} σ_α(n)$. Keywords: divisor function; sum-of-divisors function; Lambert series; perfect number. MSC (2010): 30B50; 11N64; 11B83

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