Let $E$ and $G$ be two Banach function spaces, let $T \in \mathcal{L}(E,Y)$, and let ${\langle X,Y \rangle}$ be a Banach dual pair. In this paper we give conditions for which there exists a (necessarily unique) bounded linear operator $T_{Y} \in \mathcal{L}(E(Y),G(Y))$ with the property that \[ {\langle x,T_{Y}e \rangle} = T{\langle x,e \rangle}, \quad\quad\quad e \in E(Y), x \in X. \]
Our first main result states that, in case ${\langle X,Y \rangle} = {\langle Y^{*}, Y \rangle}$ with $Y$ a reflexive Banach space, for the existence of $T_{Y}$ it sufficient that $T$ is dominated by a positive operator.
Our second main result concerns the case that $T$ is an adjoint operator on $L^{\infty}(A)$: we suppose that $E = L^{\infty}(A)$ for a semi-finite measure space $(A,\mathscr{A},μ)$, that ${\langle F, G \rangle}$ is a Köthe dual pair, and that $T$ is $σ(L^{\infty}(A),L^{1}(A))$-to-$σ(G,F)$ continuous. Then $T_{Y}$ exists provided that $T$ is dominated by a positive operator, in which case $T_{Y}$ is $σ(L^{\infty}(A;Y),L^{1}(A;X))$-to-$σ(G(Y),F \tilde{\otimes} X)$ continuous; here $F \tilde{\otimes} X$ denotes the closure of $F \otimes X$ in $F(X)$. We also consider situations in which the existence is automatic and we furthermore show that in certain situations it is necessary that $T$ is regular. As an application of this result we consider conditional expectation on Banach space-valued $L^{\infty}$-spaces.
We prove a complex interpolation formula for the injective tensor product of vector-valued Banach function spaces satisfying certain geometric assumptions. This result unifies results of Kouba, and moreover, our approach offers an alternate proof of Kouba's interpolation formula for scalar-valued Banach function spaces.
Let \(X\) be a compact metric space and \(E\) be a Banach space. \(\lip (X, E)\) denotes the Banach space of all \(E\)-valued little Lipschitz functions on \(X\). We show that \(\lip (X, E)^{**}\) is isometrically isomorphic to Banach space of \(E^{**}\)-valued Lipschitz functions \(\Lip(X, E^{**})\) under several conditions. Moreover, we describe the isometric isomorphism from \(\lip (X, E)^{**}\) to \(\Lip (X, E^{**})\).
We give a new proof of a recent characterization by Diaz and Mayoral of compactness in the Lebesgue-Bochner spaces $L_X^p$, where $X$ is a Banach space and $1\le p<\infty$, and extend the result to vector-valued Banach function spaces $E_X$, where $E$ is a Banach function space with order continuous norm.
We present a generalization of the Radon-Riesz property to sequences of continuous functions with values in uniformly convex and uniformly smooth Banach spaces.
Given a compact space $X$, a commutative Banach algebra $A$, and an $A$-valued function algebra $\mathscr{A}$ on $X$, the notions of vector-valued spectrum of functions $f\in\mathscr{A}$ are discussed. The $A$-valued spectrum $\vec{SP}_A(f)$ of every $f\in\mathscr{A}$ is defined in such a way that $f(X) \subset \vec{SP}_A(f)$. Utilizing the $A$-characters introduced in (M. Abtahi, \textit{Vector-valued characters on vector-valued function algebras}, \texttt{arXiv:1509.09215 [math.FA]}), it is proved that $\vec{SP}_A(f) = \{Ψ(f):\text{$Ψ$ is an $A$-character of $\mathscr{A}$}\}$. For the so-cal…
We introduce the concept of an $E$-valued function algebra, a type of Banach algebra that consist of continuous $E$-valued functions on some compact Hausdorff space, where $E$ is a Banach algebra. We present some basic results about such algebras, having to do with the Shilov boundary and the set of peak points of some commutative $E$-valued function algebras. We give some specific examples.
This paper is devoted to the study of vector valued reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. We focus on reproducing kernels in vector-valued reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. In particular we extend reproducing kernels to relative reproducing kernels and prove some theorems in this subject.
Let $A$ be a commutative semisimple Banach algebra, $X$ be a locally compact Hausdorff topological space and $G$ be a locally compact topological group. In this paper, we investigate several properties of vector valued Banach algebras $C_0(X,A)$, $L^p(G,A)$, $l^p(X,A)$ and $l^{\infty}(X,A)$. We prove that these algebras are isomorphic with a $C^*-$algebra if and only if $A$ is so.
In this article we develop the theory of $H$-Orlicz space generated by generalised Young function. Modular convergence of $H$-Orlicz space for the case of vector-valued functions and norm convergence in $\mcH^θ(X, \barμ)$ where $X$ is any Banach space are discussed. Relationships of modular convergence and norm convergence of $H$-Orlicz spaces are discussed.
We introduce Kuelbs-Steadman-type spaces for real-valued functions, with respect to countably additive measures, taking values in Banach spaces. We investigate their main properties and embeddings in $L^p$-type spaces, considering both the norm associated to norm convergence of the involved integrals and that related to weak convergence of the integrals.
Let $G$ be a locally compact group and $A$ be a commutative semisimple Banach algebra over the scalar field $\mathbb{C}$. The correlation between different types of $BSE$- Banach algebras $A$, and the Banach algebras $L^{1}(G, A)$ are assessed. It is found and approved that $M(G, A) = L^{1}(G, A)$ if and only if $G$ is discrete. Furthermore, some properties of vector-valued measure algebras on groups are given, so that $M(G, A)$ is a convolution measure algebra.
Given a compact space $X$ and a commutative Banach algebra $A$, the character spaces of $A$-valued function algebras on $X$ are investigated. The class of natural $A$-valued function algebras, those whose characters can be described by means of characters of $A$ and point evaluation homomorphisms, is introduced and studied. For an admissible Banach $A$-valued function algebra $\mathcal{A}$ on $X$, conditions under which the character space $M(\mathcal{A})$ is homeomorphic to $M(\mathfrak{A}) \times M(A)$ are presented, where $\mathfrak{A}=C(X) \cap \mathcal{A}$ is the subalgebra of $\mathcal{A…
It is known that for Banach valued functions there are several approaches to define a Sobolev class. We compare the usual definition via weak derivatives with the Reshetnyak-Sobolev space and with the Newtonian space; in particular, we provide sufficient conditions when all three agree. As well we revise the difference quotient criterion and the property of Lipschitz mapping to preserve Sobolev space when it acting as a superposition operator.
Let $X$ be a locally compact Hausdorff space, and $A$ be a commutative semisimple Banach algebra over the scalar field $\mathbb{C}$. The correlation between different types of BSE- Banach algebras $A$, and the Banach algebra $C_{0}(X, A)$ are assessed. It is found and approved that $C_{0}(X, A)$ is a $C^{*}$- algebra if and only if $A$ is so. Furthermore, $C_{b}(X, A)= C_{0}(X, A)$ if and only if $X$ is compact.
We propose a unified approach to the study of isometries on algebras of vector-valued Lipschitz maps and those of continuously differentiable maps by means of the notion of natural $C(Y)$-valuezations that take values in unital commutative $C^*$-algebras. A precise proof of a theorem of Jarosz \cite{ja} is exhibited.
We introduce Banach spaces of vector-valued random variables motivated from mathematical finance. So-called risk functionals are defined in a natural way on these Banach spaces and it is shown that these functionals are Lipschitz continuous. The risk functionals cannot be defined on strictly larger spaces of random variables which creates a particular interest for the spaces presented. We elaborate key properties of these Banach spaces and give representations of their dual spaces in terms of vector measures with values in the dual space of the state space.
Suppose $(X,Σ,μ)$ is a finite measure space, $E$ is a Banach lattice, and $B(X,E,μ)$ is the space of all Bochner integrable $E$-valued functions. In this note, we show that $B(X,E,μ)$ is a $KB$-space or has the sequential Fatou property if and only if so is $E$. Among this, some results about Bochner integral convergence in $B(X,E,μ)$, using order structure of $E$, have been proved, as well.
Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space and $A$ a Banach algebra. We investigate amenability properties of the algebra $C(X,A)$ of all $A$-valued continuous functions. We show that $C(X,A)$ has a bounded approximate diagonal if and only if $A$ has a bounded approximate diagonal; if $A$ has a compactly central approximate diagonal (unbounded) then $C(X,A)$ has a compactly approximate diagonal. Weak amenability of $C(X,A)$ for commutative $A$ is also considered.
In this work we study the vector-valued Hardy spaces H p (D; F) (1 \leq p \leq \infty) and their relationship with RNP, ARNP and the UMDP properties. By following the approach of Taylor in the scalar-valued case, we prove that, when F and F have the ARNP property, then H p (D; F) and H q (D; F) are canonically topologically isomorphic (for p, q \in (1, \infty) conjugate indices) if and only if F has the UMDP.
We study the homogeneous equation (*) $ u' = Δu$, $t > 0$, $u(0)=f\in wX$, where $wX$ is a weighted Banach space, $w(x)= (1+||x||)^k$, $x\in \r^n$ with $k\ge 0$, $ Δ$ is the Laplacian, $Y$ a complex Banach space and $X$ one of the spaces $ BUC (\r^n,Y)\} $, $ C_0 (\r^n,Y)$, $ L^p (\r^n,Y)$, $1 \le p < \infty$. It is shown that the mild solutions of (*) are still given by the classical Gauss-Poisson formula, a holomorphic $C_0$-semigroup.
We propose a unified approach to the study of isometries on algebras of vector-valued Lipschitz maps and those of continuously differentiable maps by means of the notion of admissible quadruples. We describe isometries on function spaces of some admissible quadruples that take values in unital commutative $C^*$-algebras. As a consequence we confirm the statement of \cite[Example 8]{jp} on Lipschitz algebras and show that isometries on such algebras indeed take the canonical form.
Let $A$ be a commutative Banach algebra and $X$ be a compact space. The class of Banach $A$-valued function algebras on $X$ consists of subalgebras of $C(X,A)$ with certain properties. We introduce the notion of $A$-characters on an $A$-valued function algebra $\A$ as homomorphisms from $\A$ into $A$ that basically have the same properties as the evaluation homomorphisms $\cE_x:f\mapsto f(x)$, with $x\in X$. For the so-called natural $A$-valued function algebras, such as $C(X,A)$ and $\Lip(X,A)$, we show that $\cE_x$ ($x\in X$) are the only $A$-characters. Vector-valued characters are utilized…
We present versions of ergodic theorems for $L_1$--$L_\infty$ contractions in Banach--Kantorovich $L_p$-lattices associated with the Maharam measure taking values in the algebra of measurable functions.
We prove that for a Banach algebra $A$ having a bounded $\mathcal{Z}(A)$-approximate identity and for every $\bf[IN]$ group $G$ with weight $w$ which is either constant on conjugacy classes or $w \geq 1$, $\mathcal{Z}\big(L^1_w(G) \otimes^γA\big) \cong \mathcal{Z}(L^1_w(G)) \otimes^γ\mathcal{Z}(A)$. As an application, we discuss the conditions under which $\mathcal{Z}\big(L^1_w(G,A)\big)$ enjoys certain Banach algebraic properties, for example, weak amenability, semisimplicity etc.
In this note we study Banach spaces of traces of real polynomials on $\mathbb R^n$ to compact subsets equipped with supremum norms from the point of view of Geometric Functional Analysis.
We construct Zachary space in $\R^\infty$ and find that this is a Banach space of functions of bounded mean oscillation with order $p, 1\leq p \leq \infty$ containing the function of bounded mean oscillation $BMO[\R_I^\infty]$ as a dense continuous embedding. As an application of $\R_I^\infty$ we construction $\mcB,$ where $\mcB $ is separable Banach space and finally we construct $\mcZ^p[\mcB]$.
We present a new approach to define a suitable integral for functions with values in quasi-Banach spaces. The integrals of Bochner and Riemann have deficiencies in the non-locally convex setting. The study of an integral for $p$-Banach spaces initiated by Vogt is neither totally satisfactory, since there are quasi-Banach spaces which are $p$-convex for all $0<p<1$, so it is not always possible to choose an optimal $p$ to develop the integration. Our method puts the emphasis on the galb of the space, which permits a precise definition of its convexity. The integration works for all spaces of ga…
See title. (A Banach space is said to be L-embedded if it is complemented in its bidual such that the norm between the two complementary subspaces is additive.)
Let $X$ and $Z$ be Banach spaces, $A$ a closed subset of $X$ and a mapping $f:A \to Z$. We give necessary and sufficient conditions to obtain a $C^1$ smooth mapping $F:X \to Z$ such that $F_{\mid_A}=f$, when either (i) $X$ and $Z$ are Hilbert spaces and $X$ is separable, or (ii) $X^*$ is separable and $Z$ is an absolute Lipschitz retract, or (iii) $X=L_2$ and $Z=L_p$ with $1<p<2$, or (iv) $X=L_p$ and $Z=L_2$ with $2<p<\infty$.
We investigate some properties and convergence theorem of Kluvánek-Lewis-Henstock $\m-$integrability for $\m-$measurable functions that we introduced in \cite{ABH}. We give a $\m-$a.e. convergence version of Dominated (resp. Bounded) Convergence Theorem for $\m.$ We introduce Kluvánek-Lewis-Henstock integrable of scalar-valued functions with respect to a set valued measure in a Banach space. Finally we introduce $(KL)-$type Dominated Convergence Theorem for the set-valued Kluvánek-Lewis-Henstock integral.
The paper studies Banach spaces satisfying the Littlewood-Paley-Rubio de Francia property LPR_p, 2 \leq p < \infty. The paper shows that every Banach lattice whose 2-concavification is a UMD Banach lattice has this property. The paper also shows that every space having LPR_q also has LPR_p with q \leq p < \infty.
We introduce the notions of L(H)-valued norms and Banach spaces with respect to L(H)-valued norms. In particular, we introduce Hilbert spaces with respect to L(H)-valued inner products. In addition, we provide several fundamental examples of Hilbert spaces with respect to L(H)-valued inner products.
We study the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property for operators from $\ell_\infty ^4 $ to a Banach space. For this reason we introduce an appropiate geometric property, namely the AHSp-$\ell_\infty ^4$. We prove that spaces $Y$satisfying AHSp-$\ell_\infty ^4$ are precisely those spaces $Y$ such that $(\ell_\infty^4,Y)$ has the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property. We also provide classes of Banach spaces satisfying this condition. For instance, finite-dimensional spaces, uniformly convex spaces, $C_0(L)$ and $L_1 (μ)$ satisfy AHSp-$\ell_\infty ^4 $.
The concept of Rademacher type $p$ ($1\leq p\leq2$) plays an important role in the local theory of Banach spaces. In \cite{mas88} Mascioni considers a weakening of this concept and shows that for a Banach space $X$ weak Rademacher type $p$ implies Rademacher type $r$ for all $r<p$. As with Rademacher type $p$ and weak Rademacher type $p$, we introduce the concept of Haar type $p$ and weak Haar type $p$ by replacing the Rademacher functions by the Haar functions in the respective definitions. We show that weak Haar type $p$ implies Haar type $r$ for all $r<p$. This solves a problem left open by…
In this paper we first show that if $X$ is a Banach space and $α$ is a left invariant crossnorm on $\ell_\infty\otimes X$, then there is a Banach lattice $L$ and an isometric embedding $J$ of $X$ into $L$, so that $I\otimes J$ becomes an isometry of $\ell_\infty\otimes_αX$ onto $\ell_\infty\otimes_m J(X)$. Here $I$ denotes the identity operator on $\ell_\infty$ and $\ell_\infty\otimes_m J(X)$ the canonical lattice tensor product. This result is originally due to G. Pisier (unpublished), but our proof is different. We then use this to characterize the Gordon-Lewis property $\GL$ in terms of emb…
Targeting at sparse multi-task learning, we consider regularization models with an $\ell^1$ penalty on the coefficients of kernel functions. In order to provide a kernel method for this model, we construct a class of vector-valued reproducing kernel Banach spaces with the $\ell^1$ norm. The notion of multi-task admissible kernels is proposed so that the constructed spaces could have desirable properties including the crucial linear representer theorem. Such kernels are related to bounded Lebesgue constants of a kernel interpolation question. We study the Lebesgue constant of multi-task kernels…
We will give an outline of the main results in our recent AMS Memoir, and include some new results, exposition and open problems. In that memoir we developed a general dilation theory for operator valued measures acting on Banach spaces where operator-valued measures (or maps) are not necessarily completely bounded. The main results state that any operator-valued measure, not necessarily completely bounded, always has a dilation to a projection-valued measure acting on a Banach space, and every bounded linear map, again not necessarily completely bounded, on a Banach algebra has a bounded homo…
We prove that the operator norm of every Banach space valued Calderon-Zygmund operator T on the weighted Lebesgue-Bochner space depends linearly on the Muckenhoupt A_2 characteristic of the weight. In parallel with the proof of the real-valued case, the proof is based on pointwise dominating every Banach space valued Calderon-Zygmund operator by a series of positive dyadic shifts. In common with the real-valued case, the pointwise dyadic domination relies on Lerner's local oscillation decomposition formula, which we extend from real-valued functions to Banach space valued functions. The extens…
In this paper we introduce the notion of D-valued 2-norm on hy- perbolic or D-valued modules. Further, we define D-linear 2-functional on these modules and consider some of their properties. We also establish the Hahn- Banach type extension theorem for D-linear 2-functionals.
We give sufficient conditions on a Banach space $X$ which ensure that $\ell_{\infty}$ embeds in $\mathcal{L}(X)$, the space of all operators on $X$. We say that a basic sequence $(e_n)$ is quasisubsymmetric if for any two increasing sequences $(k_n)$ and $(\ell_n)$ of positive integers with $k_n \leq \ell_n$ for all $n$, we have that $(e_{k_n})$ dominates $(e_{\ell_n})$. We prove that if a Banach space $X$ has a seminormalized quasisubsymmetric basis then $\ell_{\infty}$ embeds in $\mathcal{L}(X)$.
We prove that if a metric space $M$ has the finite CEP then $\mathcal F(M)\widehat{\otimes}_π X$ has the Daugavet property for every non-zero Banach space $X$. This applies, for instance, if $M$ is a Banach space whose dual is isometrically an $L_1(μ)$ space. If $M$ has the CEP then $L(\mathcal F(M),X)=\Lip(M,X)$ has the Daugavet property for every non-zero Banach space $X$, showing that this is the case when $M$ is an injective Banach space or a convex subset of a Hilbert space.
In complete metric measure spaces equipped with a doubling measure and supporting a weak Poincaré inequality, we investigate when a given Banach-valued Sobolev function defined on a subset satisfying a measure-density condition is the restriction of a Banach-valued Sobolev function defined on the whole space. We investigate the problem for Hajłasz- and Newton-Sobolev spaces, respectively. First, we show that Hajłasz-Sobolev extendability is independent of the target Banach spaces. We also show that every $c_0$-valued Newton-Sobolev extension set is a Banach-valued Newton-Sobolev extension set …
We define a scale of L^q Carleson norms, all of which characterize the membership of a function in BMO. The phenomenon is analogous to the John-Nirenberg inequality, but on the level of Carleson measures. The classical Carleson condition corresponds to the L^2 case in our theory. The result is applied to give a new proof for the L^p-boundedness of paraproducts with a BMO symbol. A novel feature of the argument is that all p are covered at once in a completely interpolation-free manner. This is achieved by using the L^1 Carleson norm, and indicates the usefulness of this notion. Our approach is…
We show that the duals of Banach algebras of scalar-valued bounded holomorphic functions on the open unit ball $B_E$ of a Banach space $E$ lack weak$^*$-strongly exposed points. Consequently, we obtain that some Banach algebras of holomorphic functions on an arbitrary Banach space have the Daugavet property which extends the observation of P. Wojtaszczyk. Moreover, we present a new denseness result by proving that the set of norm-attaining vector-valued holomorphic functions on the open unit ball of a dual Banach space is dense provided that its predual space has the metric $π$-property. Besid…
We consider a certain type of geometric properties of Banach spaces, which includes for instance octahedrality, almost squareness, lushness and the Daugavet property. For this type of properties, we obtain a general reduction theorem, which, roughly speaking, states the following: if the property in question is stable under certain finite absolute sums (for example finite $\ell^p$-sums), then it is also stable under the formation of corresponding Köthe-Bochner spaces (for example $L^p$-Bochner spaces). From this general theorem, we obtain as corollaries a number of new results as well as some …
Motivated by multi-task machine learning with Banach spaces, we propose the notion of vector-valued reproducing kernel Banach spaces (RKBS). Basic properties of the spaces and the associated reproducing kernels are investigated. We also present feature map constructions and several concrete examples of vector-valued RKBS. The theory is then applied to multi-task machine learning. Especially, the representer theorem and characterization equations for the minimizer of regularized learning schemes in vector-valued RKBS are established.
The article presents a new method of integration of functions with values in Banach spaces. This integral and related notions prove to be a useful tool in the study of Banach space geomtry.
R.M. Aron et al. proved that the Cluster Value Theorem in the infinite dimensional Banach space setting holds for the Banach algebra $\mathcal{H}^\infty (B_{c_0})$. On the other hand, B.J. Cole and T.W. Gamelin showed that $\mathcal{H}^\infty (\ell_2 \cap B_{c_0})$ is isometrically isomorphic to $\mathcal{H}^\infty (B_{c_0})$ in the sense of an algebra. Motivated by this work, we are interested in a class of open subsets $U$ of a Banach space $X$ for which $\mathcal{H}^\infty (U)$ is isometrically isomorphic to $\mathcal{H}^\infty (B_{c_0})$. We prove that there exist polydisk type domains $U$…
We prove modulation invariant embedding bounds from Bochner spaces $L^p(\mathbb{W};X)$ on the Walsh group to outer-$L^p$ spaces on the Walsh extended phase plane. The Banach space $X$ is assumed to be UMD and sufficiently close to a Hilbert space in an interpolative sense. Our embedding bounds imply $L^p$ bounds and sparse domination for the Banach-valued tritile operator, a discrete model of the Banach-valued bilinear Hilbert transform.
We study the generic behavior of the method of successive approximations for set-valued mappings in Banach spaces. We consider, in particular, the case of those set-valued mappings which are defined by pairs of nonexpansive mappings and give a positive answer to a question raised by Francesco S. de Blasi.
