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arXiv 1506.04763math.AP
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径向情形下带势的散焦能量临界wave equation解的通有和非通有行为

Generic and non-generic behavior of solutions to the defocusing energy critical wave equation with potential in the radial case

Hao Jia, Baoping Liu, Wilhelm Schlag, Guixiang Xu

摘要:

本文继续我们的研究[16],研究了3 + 1维中具有俘获径向势的散焦能量临界波动方程径向解的长时间动力学性质。对于一般的径向势(在拓扑意义上),只有200多个稳态,它们可能是稳定的,也可能是不稳定的。我们首先观察到可以存在稳定的激发态(即,一种非基态的稳定状态),如果电势大且有吸引力,尽管所有小的激发态都是不稳定的。我们证明了解分散到任何一个不稳定激发态的初始数据集在能量空间中形成有限的余维连通$C^1$流形。这相当于构造了全局路径连通的、唯一的、中心稳定的流形,该流形与任何不稳定的稳态相关联,但不一定接近。特别是,一组数据的解决方案分散到不稳定的状态有空的内部在能量空间中,和一般的径向解决方案分散到一个稳定的稳态。我们的主要工具是(i)在任意给定的有限能量径向初始数据$(u_0,u_1)$附近,对于该初始数据,解$u(t)$散射到某个不稳定的稳态$ϕ$,我们构造了一个包含$(u_0,u_1)$的$C^1$流形,该流形上的任何解都散射到$ϕ$ ;此外,任何在流形附近的解对于所有正时间都落在流形上(ii)来自[9,10,16]的外部能量不等式。后者用于获得一次通过定理[22]精神的结果,尽管使用完全不同的技术

英文摘要:

In this paper, we continue our study [16] on the long time dynamics of radial solutions to defocusing energy critical wave equation with a trapping radial potential in 3 + 1 dimensions. For generic radial potentials (in the topological sense) there are only finitely many steady states which might be either stable or unstable. We first observe that there can be stable excited states (i.e., a steady state which is not the ground state) if the potential is large and attractive, although all small excited states are unstable. We prove that the set of initial data for which solutions scatter to any one unstable excited state forms a finite co-dimensional connected $C^1$ manifold in energy space. This amounts to the construction of the global path-connected, and unique, center-stable manifold associated with, but not necessarily close to, any unstable steady state. In particular, the set of data for which solutions scatter to unstable states has empty interior in the energy space, and generic radial solutions scatter to one of the stable steady states. Our main tools are (i) near any given finite energy radial initial data $(u_0,u_1)$ for which the solution $u(t)$ scatters to some unstable steady state $ϕ$ we construct a $C^1$ manifold containing $(u_0,u_1)$ with the property that any solution starting on the manifold scatters to $ϕ$; moreover, any solution remaining near the manifold for all positive times lies on the manifold (ii) an exterior energy inequality from [9,10,16]. The latter is used to obtain a result in the spirit of the one-pass theorem [22], albeit with completely different techniques

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