We introduce two pairs of stable cheapest nonconforming finite element space pairs to approximate the Stokes equations. One pair has each component of its velocity field to be approximated by the $P_1$ nonconforming quadrilateral element while the pressure field is approximated by the piecewise constant function with globally two-dimensional subspaces removed: one removed space is due to the integral mean--zero property and the other space consists of global checker--board patterns. The other pair consists of the velocity space as the $P_1$ nonconforming quadrilateral element enriched by a globally one--dimensional macro bubble function space based on $DSSY$ (Douglas-Santos-Sheen-Ye) nonconforming finite element space; the pressure field is approximated by the piecewise constant function with mean--zero space eliminated. We show that two element pairs satisfy the discrete inf-sup condition uniformly. And we investigate the relationship between them. Several numerical examples are shown to confirm the efficiency and reliability of the proposed methods.
Two nonconforming finite element Stokes complexes starting from the conforming Lagrange element and ending with the nonconforming $P_1$-$P_0$ element for the Stokes equation in three dimensions are constructed. And commutative diagrams are also shown by combining nonconforming finite element Stokes complexes and interpolation operators. The lower order $\boldsymbol H(\textrm{grad}\textrm{curl})$-nonconforming finite element only has $14$ degrees of freedom, whose basis functions are explicitly given in terms of the barycentric coordinates. The $\boldsymbol H(\textrm{grad}\textrm{curl})$-noncon…
Piecewise divergence-free nonconforming virtual elements are designed for Stokes problem in any dimensions. After introducing a local energy projector based on the Stokes problem and the stabilization, a divergence-free nonconforming virtual element method is proposed for Stokes problem. A detailed and rigorous error analysis is presented for the discrete method. An important property in the analysis is that the local energy projector commutes with the divergence operator. With the help of a divergence-free interpolation operator onto a generalized Raviart-Thomas element space, a pressure-robu…
In this paper, we study the performance of the non-conforming least-squares spectral element method for Stokes problem. Generalized Stokes problem has been considered and the method is shown to be exponential accurate. The numerical method is nonconforming and higher order spectral element functions are used. The same order spectral element functions are used for both velocity and pressure variables. The normal equations in the least-squares formulation are solved efficiently using preconditioned conjugate gradient method. Various test cases are considered including the Stokes problem on curvi…
In this paper we apply a nonconforming rotated bilinear tetrahedral element to the Stokes problem in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We show that the element is stable in combination with a piecewise linear, continuous, approximation of the pressure. This gives an approximation similar to the well known continuous $P^2-P^1$ Taylor$-$Hood element, but with fewer degrees of freedom. The element is a stable non-conforming low order element which fulfils Korn's inequality, leading to stability also in the case where the Stokes equations are written on stress form for use in the case of free surface flow.
We develop a formal construction of a pointwise divergence-free basis in the nonconforming virtual element method of arbitrary order for the Stokes problem introduced in [19]. The proposed construction can be seen as a generalization of the divergence-free basis in Crouzeix-Raviart finite element space [10, 17] to the virtual element space. Using the divergence-free basis obtained from our construction, we can eliminate the pressure variable from the mixed system and obtain a symmetric positive definite system. Several numerical tests are presented to confirm the efficiency and the accuracy of…
A nonconforming finite element method for the Stokes equations using the Crouzeix-Raviart element for the velocity and the standard linear element for the pressure
Convergence and optimality of the adaptive nonconforming linear element method for the Stokes problem
LMAM and School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University（北京大学数学科学学院）；The School of Mathematical Sciences and the Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research, Peking University（北京大学数学科学学院和北京国际数学研究中心）；Department of Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University（宾夕法尼亚州立大学数学系）
In this paper, a stabilized extended finite element method is proposed for Stokes interface problems on unfitted triangulation elements which do not require the interface align with the triangulation. The velocity solution and pressure solution on each side of the interface are separately expanded in the standard nonconforming piecewise linear polynomials and the piecewise constant polynomials, respectively. Harmonic weighted fluxes and arithmetic fluxes are used across the interface and cut edges (segment of the edges cut by the interface), respectively. Extra stabilization terms involving ve…
In this study, the nonconforming finite elements of order two and order three are constructed and exploited for the Stokes problem. The moments of order up to $k-1$ ($k=2,3$) on all the facets of the tetrahedron are used for DoFs (degrees of freedom) to construct the unisolvent $k$-order nonconforming finite element with the bubble function space of $P_{k+1}$ explicitly represented. The pair of the $k$-order element and the discontinuous piecewise $P_{k}$ is proved to be stable for solving the Stokes problem with the element-wise divergence-free condition preserved. The main difficulty in esta…
Most classical finite element schemes for the (Navier-)Stokes equations are neither pressure-robust, nor are they inf-sup stable on general anisotropic triangulations. A lack of pressure-robustness may lead to large velocity errors, whenever the Stokes momentum balance is dominated by a strong and complicated pressure gradient. It is a consequence of a method, which does not exactly satisfy the divergence constraint. However, inf-sup stable schemes can often be made pressure-robust just by a recent, modified discretization of the exterior forcing term, using $\mathbf{H}(\operatorname{div})$-co…
A Pressure-Robust Nonconforming Immersed Finite Element Method for Stokes Interface Problems
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Quantum Computing Science and Devices, School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications（南京邮电大学理学院量子计算科学与器件江苏省重点实验室）；Key Laboratory of NSLSCS, Ministry of Education, School of Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Normal University（南京师范大学数学科学学院教育部非平衡系统与复杂系统重点实验室）
In this paper, the entropy conservative/stable algorithms presented by Del Rey Fernandez and coauthors [18,16,17] for the compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations on nonconforming p-refined/coarsened curvilinear grids is extended to h/p refinement/coarsening. The main difficulty in developing nonconforming algorithms is the construction of appropriate coupling procedures across nonconforming interfaces. Here, a computationally simple and efficient approach based upon using decoupled interpolation operators is utilized. The resulting scheme is entropy conservative/stable and element-wise …
The entropy conservative, curvilinear, nonconforming, p-refinement algorithm for hyperbolic conservation laws of Del Rey Fernandez et al. (2019), is extended from the compressible Euler equations to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. A simple and flexible coupling procedure with planar interpolation operators between adjoining nonconforming elements is used. Curvilinear volume metric terms are numerically approximated via a minimization procedure and satisfy the discrete geometric conservation law conditions. Distinct curvilinear surface metrics are used on the adjoining interfaces to c…
In this paper, we develop two fully nonconforming (both H(grad curl)-nonconforming and H(curl)-nonconforming) finite elements on cubical meshes which can fit into the Stokes complex. The newly proposed elements have 24 and 36 degrees of freedom, respectively. Different from the fully H(grad curl)-nonconforming tetrahedral finite elements in [9], the elements in this paper lead to a robust finite element method to solve the singularly perturbed quad-curl problem. To confirm this, we prove the optimal convergence of order $O(h)$ for a fixed parameter $ε$ and the uniform convergence of order $O(h…
We present the lowest-order hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin schemes with numerical integration (quadrature), denoted as HDG-P0, for the reaction-diffusion equation and the generalized Stokes equations on conforming simplicial meshes in two- and three-dimensions. Here by lowest order, we mean that the (hybrid) finite element space for the global HDG facet degrees of freedom (DOFs) is the space of piecewise constants on the mesh skeleton. A discontinuous piecewise linear space is used for the approximation of the local primal unknowns. We give the optimal a priori error analysis of the propo…
This paper presents a nonconforming finite element scheme for the planar biharmonic equation which applis piecewise cubic polynomials ($P_3$) and possesses $\mathcal{O}(h^2)$ convergence rate in energy norm on general shape-regular triangulations. Both Dirichlet and Navier type boundary value problems are studied. The basis for the scheme is a piecewise cubic polynomial space, which can approximate the $H^4$ functions with $\mathcal{O}(h^2)$ accuracy in broken $H^2$ norm. Besides, an equivalence $(\nabla_h^2\ \cdot,\nabla_h^2\ \cdot)=(Δ_h\ \cdot,Δ_h\ \cdot)$, which is usually not true for nonc…
Solution of nonlinear Stokes equations discretized by high-order finite elements on nonconforming and anisotropic meshes, with application to ice sheet dynamics
Institute for Computational Engineering & Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校计算工程与科学研究所）；Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University（纽约大学库朗数学科学研究所）
We propose in this paper a discretization of the momentum convection operator for fluid flow simulations on quadrangular or hexahedral meshes. The space discretization is performed by the loworder nonconforming Rannacher-Turek finite element: the scalar unknowns are associated to the cells of the mesh, while the velocities unknowns are associated to the edges or faces. The momentum convection operator is of finite volume type, and its almost second order expression is derived by a MUSCL-like technique. The latter is of algebraic type, in the sense that the limitation procedure does not invoke …
Robust mixed finite element methods are developed for a quad-curl singular perturbation problem. Lower order H(grad curl)-nonconforming but H(curl)-conforming finite elements are constructed, which are extended to nonconforming finite element Stokes complexes and the associated commutative diagrams. Then H(grad curl)-nonconforming finite elements are employed to discretize the quad-curl singular perturbation problem, which possess the sharp and uniform error estimates with respect to the perturbation parameter. The Nitsche's technique is exploited to achieve the optimal convergence rate in the…
The Morley finite element method (FEM) is attractive for semilinear problems with the biharmonic operator as a leading term in the stream function vorticity formulation of 2D Navier-Stokes problem and in the von Kármán equations. This paper establishes a best-approximation a~priori error analysis and an a~posteriori error analysis of discrete solutions close to an arbitrary regular solution on the continuous level to semilinear problems with a trilinear nonlinearity. The analysis avoids any smallness assumptions on the data and so has to provide discrete stability by a perturbation analysis be…
The non-conforming virtual element method for the Stokes equations
University of Leicester（莱斯特大学）；Los Alamos National Laboratory（洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室）；Istituto di Matematica Applicata e Tecnologie Informatiche (IMATI) – CNR（应用数学与信息技术研究所（IMATI）- 意大利国家研究委员会）
Pressure-Robust Fortin-Soulie Elements of the Stokes Equation on Curved Domains
Peking University（北京大学）；Chongqing Research Institute of Big Data, Peking University（北京大学重庆大数据研究院）；Institut für Mathematik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena（耶拿弗里德里希·席勒大学数学研究所）
In this paper we develop an a priori error analysis of a new unified mixed finite element method for the coupling of fluid flow with porous media flow in $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N\in\{2,3\}$ on isotropic meshes. Flows are governed by the Stokes and Darcy equations, respectively, and the corresponding transmission conditions are given by mass conservation, balance of normal forces, and the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman law. The approach utilizes a modification of the Darcy problem which allows us to apply a variant nonconforming Crouzeix-Raviart finite element to the whole coupled Stokes-Darcy problem. The w…
The nonconforming Morley-type virtual element method for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations formulated in terms of the stream-function on simply connected polygonal domains (not necessarily convex) is designed. A rigorous analysis by using a new enriching operator is developed. More precisely, by employing such operator, we provide novel discrete Sobolev embeddings, which allow to establish the well-posedness of the discrete scheme and obtain optimal error estimates in broken $H^2$-, $H^1$- and $L^2$-norms under minimal regularity condition on the weak solution. The velocity and vortic…
A Morley-Wang-Xu (MWX) element method with a simply modified right hand side is proposed for a fourth order elliptic singular perturbation problem, in which the discrete bilinear form is standard as usual nonconforming finite element methods. The sharp error analysis is given for this MWX element method. And the Nitsche's technique is applied to the MXW element method to achieve the optimal convergence rate in the case of the boundary layers. An important feature of the MWX element method is solver-friendly. Based on a discrete Stokes complex in two dimensions, the MWX element method is decoup…
Pressure-robust $hp$-a posteriori error estimates of $\boldsymbol{H}(\mathrm{div})$-conforming discontinuous Galerkin methods for the Stokes equations
Inria（法国国家数字技术研究院）；CERMICS, CNRS, ENPC, Institut Polytechnique de Paris（巴黎高等师范学院、国立信息与自动化研究所、巴黎理工学院）；School of Mathematical Sciences（东方理工学院数学科学学院）；Eastern Institute of Technology（香港城市大学数学系）；Department of Mathematics, City University of Hong Kong
