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arXiv 1404.4544math.CO
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大色数的无三角形图中的圈

Cycles in triangle-free graphs of large chromatic number

Alexandr Kostochka, Benny Sudakov, Jacques Verstraete

摘要:

二十多年前,Erdegans提出了~ \cite{E1},证明了一个色数为$k \geq k_0(\varepsilon)$的无三角形图$G$包含至少$k^{2 - \varepsilon}$不同长度的圈,如$k \rightarrow \infty$ .本文证明了一个更强的事实:每一个具有色数$k \geq k_0(\varepsilon)$的无三角形图$G$都含有$(\frac{1}{64} - \varepsilon)k^2 \log k$连续长度的圈,并且有一个长度至少为$(\tfrac{1}{4} - \varepsilon)k^2 \log k$的圈.由于对于大的$k$,存在最多具有大致$4k^2 \log k$顶点的色数$k$的无三角形图,所以这些结果是紧到常数因子的.我们也给出了其他单调类中$k$ -色图的周长和不同圈长个数的新下界,特别是对于$K_r$ -free图和没有奇圈的图$C_{2s+1}$ .

英文摘要:

More than twenty years ago Erdős conjectured~\cite{E1} that a triangle-free graph $G$ of chromatic number $k \geq k_0(\varepsilon)$ contains cycles of at least $k^{2 - \varepsilon}$ different lengths as $k \rightarrow \infty$. In this paper, we prove the stronger fact that every triangle-free graph $G$ of chromatic number $k \geq k_0(\varepsilon)$ contains cycles of $(\frac{1}{64} - \varepsilon)k^2 \log k$ consecutive lengths, and a cycle of length at least $(\tfrac{1}{4} - \varepsilon)k^2 \log k$. As there exist triangle-free graphs of chromatic number $k$ with at most roughly $4k^2 \log k$ vertices for large $k$, theses results are tight up to a constant factor. We also give new lower bounds on the circumference and the number of different cycle lengths for $k$-chromatic graphs in other monotone classes, in particular, for $K_r$-free graphs and graphs without odd cycles $C_{2s+1}$.

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