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arXiv 1305.3142cond-mat.softcond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.stat-mechphysics.chem-ph
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电解质溶液表面张力的自洽理论

Surface Tension of Electrolyte Solutions: A Self-consistent Theory

Tomer Markovich, David Andelman, Rudi Podgornik

摘要:

研究了电解质溶液在空气/水和油/水界面的表面张力。采用场论方法,考虑阴离子与表面的短程相互作用,将Helmholtz自由能展开到一阶环展开,计算了表面的超额表面张力。我们的方法是自洽的,并产生一个分析预测,重新统一的Onsager-Samaras开创性的结果(这与实验数据不一致),与离子特异性的霍夫迈斯特系列。我们得到解析的表面张力依赖于离子强度,离子尺寸和离子表面相互作用,并因此表明,Onsager-Samaras的结果是一致的,超过平均场的结果与单回路校正。我们的理论使用一个拟合参数很好地拟合了不同盐的各种浓度,再现了空气/水和油/水界面阴离子的逆霍夫迈斯特级数。10.1029

英文摘要:

We study the surface tension of electrolyte solutions at the air/water and oil/water interfaces. Employing field-theoretical methods and considering short-range interactions of anions with the surface, we expand the Helmholtz free energy to first-order in a loop expansion and calculate the excess surface tension. Our approach is self-consistent and yields an analytical prediction that reunites the Onsager-Samaras pioneering result (which does not agree with experimental data), with the ionic specificity of the Hofmeister series. We obtain analytically the surface-tension dependence on the ionic strength, ionic size and ion-surface interaction, and show consequently that the Onsager-Samaras result is consistent with the one-loop correction beyond the mean-field result. Our theory fits well a wide range of concentrations for different salts using one fit parameter, reproducing the reverse Hofmeister series for anions at the air/water and oil/water interfaces.10.1029

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