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arXiv 1107.1005gr-qcastro-ph.COmath-phmath.MP
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协变热力学与相对论

Covariant Thermodynamics and Relativity

C S Lopez-Monsalvo

摘要:

本文在广义相对论的框架下研究不可逆过程的动力学。特别是,我们解决的问题的“无限”的速度在耗散流体中的热扰动的传播。目前的工作建立在多流体变分方法相对论耗散,开创性的卡特,并提供了一个动态的热传导理论。这种方法的新特性是与双流体系统相关的热力学解释,其组成部分是物质和熵。该模型的动力学导致了Cattaneo方程的相对论性概括;因果热传输的本构关系。与以色列和斯图尔特模型的比较,其等价性。这种讨论提供了新的见解不好理解的定义的非平衡温度。本文提出的热传导的变分方法构成了一个数学上有希望的形式体系,以动力学的方式探索耗散流体向平衡态的相对论演化,并获得对非平衡态热力学量更深的概念理解。此外,探索相对论的不可逆动力学及其与自然界时间不对称性的联系等更基本的问题也可能是有益的。

英文摘要:

This thesis deals with the dynamics of irreversible processes within the context of the general theory of relativity. In particular, we address the problem of the 'infinite' speed of propagation of thermal disturbances in a dissipative fluid. The present work builds on the multi-fluid variational approach to relativistic dissipation, pioneered by Carter, and provides a dynamical theory of heat conduction. The novel property of such approach is the thermodynamic interpretation associated with a two-fluid system whose constituents are matter and entropy. The dynamics of this model leads to a relativistic generalisation of the Cattaneo equation; the constitutive relation for causal heat transport. A comparison with the Israel and Stewart model is presented and its equivalence is shown. This discussion provides new insights into the not-well understood definition of a non-equilibrium temperature. The variational approach to heat conduction presented in this thesis constitutes a mathematically promising formalism to explore the relativistic evolution towards equilibrium of dissipative fluids in a dynamical manner and to get a deeper conceptual understanding of non-equilibrium thermodynamic quantities. Moreover, it might also be useful to explore the more fundamental issues of the irreversible dynamics of relativity and its connections with the time asymmetry of nature.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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