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arXiv 1107.0436astro-ph.IMastro-ph.HE
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大型X射线计时天文台(LOFT)

The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT)

M. Feroci, the LOFT Consortium

摘要:

对致密物体的高时间分辨率X射线观测提供了直接获得强场引力、超致密物质状态方程以及黑洞质量和自旋的途径。需要一台10平方米级的仪器,再加上良好的光谱分辨率,才能利用相关诊断并回答欧洲航天局(欧空局)宇宙观主题“极端条件下的物质”的两个基本问题,即:靠近事件视界的物质轨道是否遵循广义相对论的预测?中子星中物质的状态方程是什么?X射线定时大型观测站(LOFT)被欧空局选为四个宇宙视觉M3候选飞行任务之一,将进行评估阶段,它将彻底改变对银河系坍缩物体和活动星系核中最明亮的超大质量黑洞的研究。由于创新设计和大面积单片硅漂移探测器的开发,LOFT上的大面积探测器(LAD)将在2-30 keV范围内(扩展模式下高达50 keV)实现约12 m^2的有效面积(比任何星载前辈都大一个数量级),但仍然适合传统平台和中小型发射器。有了这个大面积和<260 eV的光谱分辨率,LOFT将在极端的压力和磁场强度条件下产生关于强烈弯曲时空和物质的前所未有的信息。

英文摘要:

High-time-resolution X-ray observations of compact objects provide direct access to strong-field gravity, to the equation of state of ultra-dense matter and to black hole masses and spins. A 10 m^2-class instrument in combination with good spectral resolution is required to exploit the relevant diagnostics and answer two of the fundamental questions of the European Space Agency (ESA) Cosmic Vision Theme "Matter under extreme conditions", namely: does matter orbiting close to the event horizon follow the predictions of general relativity? What is the equation of state of matter in neutron stars? The Large Observatory For X-ray Timing (LOFT), selected by ESA as one of the four Cosmic Vision M3 candidate missions to undergo an assessment phase, will revolutionise the study of collapsed objects in our galaxy and of the brightest supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei. Thanks to an innovative design and the development of large-area monolithic Silicon Drift Detectors, the Large Area Detector (LAD) on board LOFT will achieve an effective area of ~12 m^2 (more than an order of magnitude larger than any spaceborne predecessor) in the 2-30 keV range (up to 50 keV in expanded mode), yet still fits a conventional platform and small/medium-class launcher. With this large area and a spectral resolution of <260 eV, LOFT will yield unprecedented information on strongly curved spacetimes and matter under extreme conditions of pressure and magnetic field strength.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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