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LOFT宽场监视器

The LOFT Wide Field Monitor

S. Brandt, M. Hernanz, L. Alvarez, P. Azzarello, D. Barret, E. Bozzo, Budtz-Jørgensen, R. Campana, E. del Monte, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, J. L.… 展开作者

S. Brandt, M. Hernanz, L. Alvarez, P. Azzarello, D. Barret, E. Bozzo, Budtz-Jørgensen, R. Campana, E. del Monte, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, J. L. Galvez Sanchez, D. Götz, F. Hansen, J. W. den Herder, R. Hudec, J. Huovelin, D. Karelin, S. Korpela, N. Lund, P. Orleanski, M. Pohl, A. Rachevski, A. Santangelo, S. Schanne, C. Schmid, S. Suchy, C. Tenzer, A. Vacchi, J. Wilms, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, J. in't Zand, A. Zdziarski

摘要:

LOFT(X射线定时大型天文台)是2011年为欧空局宇宙视觉计划中的M3任务选择的四个任务之一,预计将于2024年发射。LOFT任务将携带两个仪器,其主要灵敏度在2-30 keV范围内:一个10 m^2级大面积探测器(LAD),准直视场<1°,以及一个基于编码掩模原理的宽视场监视器(WFM)仪器,覆盖超过1/3的天空。LAD将提供一个比以前任何任务大20倍的有效区域,并且通过定时研究能够解决黑洞附近强引力和中子星中核物质状态方程的基本问题。WFM的主要目标是检测LAD观察到的瞬态源。然而,由于其宽视场和<300 eV的良好能量分辨率,WFM将是一个很好的监测仪器,以研究许多类别的X射线源的长期变化。WFM的灵敏度将在一天的观测中达到2.1 mCrab,在银河系中心拥挤的区域观测中,在3秒内达到270 mCrab。该仪器的高占空比将使其成为快速瞬变现象的理想探测器,如X射线爆发、软伽马中继器、地面伽马闪光,尤其是在研究伽马射线暴方面提供独特的能力。一个专用的爆炸警报系统将能够每年向社区分发约100个伽马射线暴位置,爆炸后30 s内的定位精度约为1弧分。本文概述了LOFT WFM仪器的设计、配置和功能。

英文摘要:

LOFT (Large Observatory For x-ray Timing) is one of the four missions selected in 2011 for assessment study for the ESA M3 mission in the Cosmic Vision program, expected to be launched in 2024. The LOFT mission will carry two instruments with their prime sensitivity in the 2-30 keV range: a 10 m^2 class large area detector (LAD) with a <1° collimated field of view and a wide field monitor (WFM) instrument based on the coded mask principle, providing coverage of more than 1/3 of the sky. The LAD will provide an effective area ~20 times larger than any previous mission and will by timing studies be able to address fundamental questions about strong gravity in the vicinity of black holes and the equation of state of nuclear matter in neutron stars. The prime goal of the WFM will be to detect transient sources to be observed by the LAD. However, with its wide field of view and good energy resolution of <300 eV, the WFM will be an excellent monitoring instrument to study long term variability of many classes of X-ray sources. The sensitivity of the WFM will be 2.1 mCrab in a one day observation, and 270 mCrab in 3s in observations of in the crowded field of the Galactic Center. The high duty cycle of the instrument will make it an ideal detector of fast transient phenomena, like X-ray bursters, soft gamma repeaters, terrestrial gamma flashes, and not least provide unique capabilities in the study of gamma ray bursts. A dedicated burst alert system will enable the distribution to the community of ~100 gamma ray burst positions per year with a ~1 arcmin location accuracy within 30 s of the burst. This paper provides an overview of the design, configuration, and capabilities of the LOFT WFM instrument.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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