LOFT上宽视场监视器双壁屏蔽概念的超高速撞击试验和模拟
Hyper-velocity impact test and simulation of a double-wall shield concept for the Wide Field Monitor aboard LOFT
摘要：
2011年，欧空局选择LOFT（X射线定时大型天文台）作为M3发射机会的候选者之一。LOFT配备了两种仪器，大面积探测器（LAD）和宽场监测器（WFM），基于硅漂移探测器（SDD）。在轨道上，它们将受到环境尘埃粒子的超高速撞击，这可能会改变SDD的表面特性。为了评估这些事件带来的风险，我们在ESABASE2和实验室测试中进行了模拟。在海德堡的马克斯·普朗克核物理研究所的范德格拉夫尘埃加速器上，对SDD原型进行了测试，旨在验证撞击产生的结构损坏在多大程度上影响SDD的功能。对于WFM，我们预计风险的影响率显着高于LAD，我们设计，模拟和成功地测试了在慕尼黑技术大学（TUM）的等离子体加速器的双壁屏蔽配置的基础上，薄箔的Kapton和聚丙烯。在本文中，我们总结了所有的评估，集中在TUM的实验测试活动。
英文摘要：
The space mission LOFT (Large Observatory For X-ray Timing) was selected in 2011 by ESA as one of the candidates for the M3 launch opportunity. LOFT is equipped with two instruments, the Large Area Detector (LAD) and the Wide Field Monitor (WFM), based on Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs). In orbit, they would be exposed to hyper-velocity impacts by environmental dust particles, which might alter the surface properties of the SDDs. In order to assess the risk posed by these events, we performed simulations in ESABASE2 and laboratory tests. Tests on SDD prototypes aimed at verifying to what extent the structural damages produced by impacts affect the SDD functionality have been performed at the Van de Graaff dust accelerator at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics (MPIK) in Heidelberg. For the WFM, where we expect a rate of risky impacts notably higher than for the LAD, we designed, simulated and successfully tested at the plasma accelerator at the Technical University in Munich (TUM) a double-wall shielding configuration based on thin foils of Kapton and Polypropylene. In this paper we summarize all the assessment, focussing on the experimental test campaign at TUM.
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