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arXiv 1104.1645cond-mat.mes-hall
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简并二维电子系统中超热电子的弛豫:向一维散射的转变

Relaxation of hot electrons in a degenerate two-dimensional electron system: transition to one-dimensional scattering

D. Taubert, C. Tomaras, G. J. Schinner, H. P. Tranitz, W. Wegscheider, S. Kehrein, S. Ludwig

摘要:

在介观三端器件输运实验中,研究了简并二维电子系统中远离热平衡的超热电子的能量弛豫通道。我们观察到了超热电子从零磁场下的二维散射到强磁场下的准一维散射的转变。在二维情况下,电子-电子散射是主要的弛豫机制,而随着磁场的增加,光学声子的发射变得越来越重要。观测到每个热电子发射的多达11个光学声子,使我们能够以高精度($\eph=36.0\pm0.1\,$ meV)确定GaAs中LO声子在低温下的起始能量。电子-电子散射和光学声子发射的数值计算强调我们的解释过渡到一维动力学。

英文摘要:

The energy relaxation channels of hot electrons far from thermal equilibrium in a degenerate two-dimensional electron system are investigated in transport experiments in a mesoscopic three-terminal device. We observe a transition from two dimensions at zero magnetic field to quasi--one-dimensional scattering of the hot electrons in a strong magnetic field. In the two-dimensional case electron-electron scattering is the dominant relaxation mechanism, while the emission of optical phonons becomes more and more important as the magnetic field is increased. The observation of up to 11 optical phonons emitted per hot electron allows us to determine the onset energy of LO phonons in GaAs at cryogenic temperatures with a high precision, $\eph=36.0\pm0.1\,$meV. Numerical calculations of electron-electron scattering and the emission of optical phonons underline our interpretation in terms of a transition to one-dimensional dynamics.

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