We prove a general dispersive estimate for a Schroedinger type equation on a product manifold, under the assumption that the equation restricted to each factor satisfies suitable dispersive estimates. Among the applications are the two-particle Schroedinger equations on Euclidean spaces, and the nonlinear Schroedinger equation on the product of two real hyperbolic spaces.
In this paper, we utilize the method in Dodson-Murphy [4] to establish the radial scattering result for the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with inverse square potential $i\pa_tu-\la u=-|u|^{p-1}u$ in the energy space $H^1_a(\R^d)$ in dimensions $d\geq3$, which extends the result of [10,11] to higher dimensions cases but with radial initial data. The new ingredient is to establish the dispersive estimate for radial function and overcome the weak dispersive estimate when $a<0$.
We consider a nonlinear dispersive equation with a quasilinear quadratic term. We establish two results. First, we show that solutions to this equation with initial data of order $\mathcal{O}(\varepsilon)$ in Sobolev norms exist for a time span of order $\mathcal{O}(\varepsilon^{-2})$ for sufficiently small $\varepsilon$. Secondly, we derive the Nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation as a formal approximation equation describing slow spatial and temporal modulations of the envelope of an underlying carrier wave, and justify this approximation with the help of error estimates in Sobolev norms bet…
For nonlinear dispersive systems, the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation can usually be derived as a formal approximation equation describing slow spatial and temporal modulations of the envelope of a spatially and temporally oscillating underlying carrier wave. Here, we justify the NLS approximation for a whole class of quasilinear dispersive systems, which also includes toy models for the waterwave problem. This is the first time that this is done for systems, where a quasilinear quadratic term is allowed to effectively lose more than one derivative. With effective loss we here mean the lo…
We show, by the means of several examples, how we can use Gibbs measures to construct global solutions to dispersive equations at low regularity. The construction relies on the Prokhorov compactness theorem combined with the Skorokhod convergence theorem. To begin with, we consider the non linear Schrödinger equation (NLS) on the tri-dimensional sphere. Then we focus on the Benjamin-Ono equation and on the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the circle. Next, we construct a Gibbs measure and global solutions to the so-called periodic half-wave equation. Finally, we consider the cubic …
We prove the existence of a 2-parameter family of small quasi-periodic in time solutions of discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DNLS). We further show that all small solutions of DNLS decouples to this quasi-periodic solution and dispersive wave.
In this paper, developing a new approach based on Fourier analysis methods for dispersive PDEs, we establish a low regularity NLS approximation for the one-dimensional cubic Klein-Gordon equation. Our main result includes energy class solutions which are formally asymptotically in $L^2(\mathbb{R})$. A precise rate of convergence is also obtained assuming more regularity.
In this paper, we revisit the infinite iteration scheme of normal form reductions, introduced by the first and second authors (with Z. Guo), in constructing solutions to nonlinear dispersive PDEs. Our main goal is to present a simplified approach to this method. More precisely, we study normal form reductions in an abstract form and reduce multilinear estimates of arbitrarily high degrees to successive applications of basic trilinear estimates. As an application, we prove unconditional well-posedness of canonical nonlinear dispersive equations on the real line. In particular, we implement this…
We continue our study of the cubic fractional NLS with very weak dispersion $α>1$ and data distributed according to the Gibbs measure. We construct the natural strong solutions for $α>α_0=\frac{31-\sqrt{233}}{14}\approx 1.124$ which is strictly smaller than $\frac{8}{7}$, the threshold beyond which the first nontrivial Picard iteration has no longer the Sobolev regularity needed for the deterministic well-posedness theory. This also improves our previous result in Sun-Tzvetkov \cite{Sun-Tz2}. We rely on recent ideas of Bringmann \cite{Bringmann} and Deng-Nahmod-Yue \cite{Deng2}. In particular …
We analyze the stationary and traveling wave solutions to a family of degenerate dispersive equations of KdV and NLS-type. In stark contrast to the standard soliton solutions for non-degenerate KdV and NLS equations, the degeneracy of the elliptic operators studied here allows for compactly supported steady or traveling states. As we work in $1$ dimension, ODE methods apply, however the models considered have formally conserved Hamiltonian, Mass and Momentum functionals, which allow for variational analysis as well.
In this paper, we establish bilinear and gradient bilinear Strichartz estimates for Schrödinger operators in 2 dimensional compact manifolds with boundary. Using these estimates, we can infer the local well-posedness of cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in $H^s$ for every $s>{2/3}$ on such manifolds.
We consider the energy critical focusing NLS in R^3 and prove, for any $ν$ sufficiently small, the existence of radial finite energy solutions that as $t\to\infty$ behave as a sum of a dynamically rescaled ground state plus a radiation, the scaling law being of the form $t^ν$.
When a solution to the Cauchy problem for nonlinear dispersive equations is obtained by a fixed point argument using auxiliary function spaces, it is non-trivial to ensure uniqueness of solutions in a natural space such as the class of continuous curves in the data space. This property is called unconditional uniqueness, and proving it often requires some additional work. In the last decade, unconditional uniqueness has been shown for some canonical nonlinear dispersive equations by an integration-by-parts technique, which can be regarded as a variant of the (Poincaré-Dulac) normal form reduct…
In this paper we present a rigorous modulational stability theory for periodic traveling wave solutions to equations of nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) type. We first argue that, for Hamiltonian dispersive equations with a non-singular symplectic form and $d$ conserved quantities (in addition to the Hamiltonian), one expects that generically ${\mathcal L}$, the linearization around a periodic traveling wave, will have a $2d$ dimensional generalized kernel, with a particular Jordan structure: The kernel of ${\mathcal L}$ is expected to be $d$ dimensional, the first generalized kernel is expected to…
In this paper we study the asymptotic behavior of a quadratic Schrödinger equation with electromagnetic potentials. We prove that small solutions scatter. The proof builds on earlier work of the author for quadratic NLS with a non magnetic potential. The main novelty is the use of various smoothing estimates for the linear Schrödinger flow in place of boundedness of wave operators to deal with the loss of derivative. As a byproduct of the proof we obtain boundedness of the wave operator of the linear electromagnetic Schrödinger equation on an $L^2$ weighted space for small potentials, as well …
In this article, we consider the focusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation(NLS) in the exterior domain outside of a convex obstacle in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We revisit the scattering result below ground state of Killip-Visan-Zhang by utilizing Dodson and Murphy's argument and the dispersive estimate established by Ivanovici and Lebeau, which avoids using the concentration compactness. We conquer the difficulty of the boundary in the focusing case by establishing a local smoothing effect of the boundary. Based on this effect and the interaction Morawetz estimate…
Consider the defocusing quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation on $\mathbf{R}^3$ with initial data in the energy space. This problem is "energy-critical" in view of a certain scale-invariance, which is a main source of difficulty in the analysis of this equation. It is a nontrivial fact that all finite-energy solutions scatter to linear solutions. We show that this remains true under small compact deformations of the Euclidean metric. Our main new ingredient is a long-time microlocal weak dispersive estimate that accounts for the refocusing of geodesics.
We study the focusing intercritical NLS \begin{align}\label{abstract_nls} i\pt_t u+Δ_{x,y}u=-|u|^αu\tag{NLS} \end{align} on the semiperiodic waveguide manifold $\R^d_x\times \T_y$ with $d\geq 5$ and $α\in(\frac{4}{d},\frac{4}{d-1})$. In the case $d\leq 4$, with the aid of the semivirial vanishing theory \cite{Luo_inter}, the author was able to construct a sharp threshold, which being uniquely characterized by the ground state solutions, that sharply determines the bifurcation of global scattering and finite time blow-up solutions in dependence of the sign of the semivirial functional. As the d…
We prove existence and stability results for a two-parameter family of solitary-wave solutions to a system in which an equation of nonlinear Schrödinger type is coupled to an equation of Korteweg-de Vries type. Such systems model interactions between short and long dispersive waves. The results extend earlier results of Angulo, Albert and Angulo, and Chen. Our proof involves the characterization of solitary-wave solutions as minimizers of an energy functional subject to two constraints. To establish the precompactness of minimizing sequences via concentrated compactness, we establish the sub-a…
It is universally accepted that the cubic, nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLS) models the dynamics of narrow-bandwidth wave packets consisting of short dispersive waves, while the Kortewegde Vries equation (KdV) models the propagation of long waves in dispersive media. A system that couples the two equations seems attractive to model the interaction of long and short waves and such a system has been studied over the last few decades. However, questions about the validity of the system in the study of water waves were raised in our previous work where we presented our analysis using the fifth…
We prove a Wong-Zakai theorem for the defocusing mass-critical stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) on $\mathbb{R}$. The main ingredient are careful mixtures of bootstrapping arguments at both deterministic and stochastic levels. Several subtleties arising from the proof mark the difference between the dispersive case and corresponding situations in SDEs and parabolic stochastic PDEs, as well as the difference between the large-$n$ case and the limiting ($n=\infty$) case.
The KdV equation models the propagation of long waves in dispersive media, while the NLS equation models the dynamics of narrow-bandwidth wave packets consisting of short dispersive waves. A system that couples the two equations to model the interaction of long and short waves seems attractive and such a system has been studied over the last decades. We evaluate the validity of this system, discussing two main problems. First, only the system coupling the linear Schrödinger equation with KdV has been derived in the literature. Second, the time variables appearing in the equations are of a diff…
We consider the Cauchy problem for the integrable nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NNLS) equation $ \I\partial_t q(x,t)+\partial_{x}^2q(x,t)+2σq^{2}(x,t)\overline{q(-x,t)}=0 $ with initial data $q(x,0)\in H^{1,1}(\mathbb{R})$. It is known that the NNLS equation is integrable and it has soliton solutions, which can have isolated finite time blow-up points. The main aim of this work is to propose a suitable concept for continuation of weak $H^{1,1}$ local solutions of the general Cauchy problem (particularly, those admitting long-time soliton resolution) beyond possible singularities. Our main to…
We discuss a short-time existence theorem of solutions to the initial value problem for a fourth-order dispersive flow for curves parametrized by the real line into a compact Kähler manifold. Our equations geometrically generalize a physical model describing the motion of a vortex filament or the continuum limit of the Heisenberg spin chain system. Our results are proved by using so-called the energy method. We introduce a bounded gauge transform on the pullback bundle, and make use of local smoothing effect of the dispersive flow a little.
Using suitable modified energies we study higher order Sobolev norms' growth in time for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) on a generic $2d$ or $3d$ compact manifold. In $2d$ we extend earlier results that dealt only with cubic nonlinearities, and get polynomial in time bounds for any higher order nonlinearities. In $3d$, we prove that solutions to the cubic NLS grow at most exponentially, while for sub-cubic NLS we get polynomial bounds on the growth of the $H^2$-norm.
The aim of this paper is two fold. We show that if a complex function $F$ on $\C$ operates in the modulation spaces $M^{p,1}(\R^n)$ by composition, then $F$ is real analytic on $\R^2 \approx \C$. This answers negatively, the open question posed in [M. Ruzhansky, M. Sugimoto, B. Wang, Modulation Spaces and Nonlinear Evolution Equations, arXiv:1203.4651], regarding the general power type nonlinearity of the form $|u|^αu$. We also characterise the functions that operate in the modulation space $M^{1,1}(\R^n)$. The local well-posedness of the NLS, NLW and NLKG equations for the `real entire' nonli…
We establish space-time dispersive estimates for solutions to the wave equation on compact Riemannian manifolds with bounded sectional curvature, with the same exponents as for $C^\infty$ metrics. The estimates are for bounded time intervals, so by finite propagation velocity the results apply also on non-compact manifolds under appropriate uniform conditions. We assume a priori that in local coordinates the metric tensor components satisfy ${\rm g}_{ij}\in W^{1,p}$ for some $p>d$, which ensures that the curvature tensor is well defined in the weak sense, but this can be relaxed to any assumpt…
In this paper we study fractal solutions of linear and nonlinear dispersive PDE on the torus. In the first part we answer some open questions on the fractal solutions of linear Schrödinger equation and equations with higher order dispersion. We also discuss applications to their nonlinear counterparts like the cubic Schrödinger equation (NLS) and the Korteweg-de Vries equation (KdV). In the second part, we study fractal solutions of the vortex filament equation and the associated Schrödinger map equation (SM). In particular, we construct global strong solutions of the SM in $H^s$ for $s>\frac3…
The energy-critical defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation on 3-dimensional rectangular tori is considered. We prove that the global well-posedness result for the standard torus of Ionescu and Pausader extends to this class of manifolds, namely, for any initial data in $H^1$ the solution exists globally in time.
We study the long time behavior of small (in $l^2$) solutions of discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equations with potential. In particular, we are interested in the case that the corresponding discrete Schrödinger operator has exactly two eigenvalues. We show that under the nondegeneracy condition of Fermi Golden Rule, all small solutions decompose into a nonlinear bound state and dispersive wave. We further show the instability of excited states and generalized equipartition property.
We consider the non-selfadjoint operator [\cH = [{array}{cc} -Δ+ μ-V_1 & -V_2 V_2 & Δ- μ+ V_1 {array}]] where $μ>0$ and $V_1,V_2$ are real-valued decaying potentials. Such operators arise when linearizing a focusing NLS equation around a standing wave. Under natural spectral assumptions we obtain $L^1(\R^2)\times L^1(\R^2)\to L^\infty(\R^2)\times L^\infty(\R^2)$ dispersive decay estimates for the evolution $e^{it\cH}P_{ac}$. We also obtain the following weighted estimate $$ \|w^{-1} e^{it\cH}P_{ac}f\|_{L^\infty(\R^2)\times L^\infty(\R^2)}\les \f1{|t|\log^2(|t|)} \|w f\|_{L^1(\R^2)\times L^1(\R…
We consider soliton-like solutions of a variable coefficients, subcritical nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLS). In a previous result, we proved the existence of a pure, global-in-time, generalized soliton with prescribed asymptotic as t tends to -infinity. In addition, we described the corresponding dynamics for all time, up to a small error term. In this paper we prove that the soliton is never pure as t tends to infinity. Indeed, we give a precise sharp lower bound on the defect induced by the potential on the soliton. This result shows the existence of nontrivial dispersive effects acting …
We study the nonlinear Schrödinger equation posed on product spaces $\mathbf R^n\times \mathcal M^k$, for $n\geq 1$ and $k\geq1$, with $\mathcal M^k$ any $k$-dimensional compact Riemaniann manifold. The main results concern global well-posedness and scattering for small data solutions in non-isotropic Sobolev fractional spaces. In the particular case of $k=2$, $H^1$-scattering is also obtained.
We prove bilinear estimates for the Schrödinger equation on 3D domains, with Dirichlet boundary conditions. On non-trapping domains, they match the $\mathbb{R}^3$ case, while on bounded domains they match the generic boundary less manifold case. As an application, we obtain global well-posedness for the defocusing cubic NLS for data in $H^s_0(Ω)$, $1<s\leq 3$, with $Ω$ any bounded domain with smooth boundary.
We consider the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation $i u_t + Δu + |u|^{p-1}u=0$, $p>1,$ and the generalized Hartree equation $iv_t + Δv + (|x|^{-(N-γ)}\ast |v|^p)|v|^{p-2}u=0$, $p\geq2$, $γ<N$, in the mass-supercritical and energy-subcritical setting. With the initial data $u_0\in H^1(\mathbb{R}^N)$ the characterization of solutions behavior under the mass-energy threshold is known for the NLS case from the works of Holmer and Roudenko in the radial [16] and Duyckaerts, Holmer and Roudenko in the nonradial setting [10] and further generalizations (see [1,11,14]); for the generalized Hartre…