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arXiv 1004.2850math.COcs.DM
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几何图中的不交交叉族

On disjoint crossing families in geometric graphs

Radoslav Fulek, Andrew Suk

摘要:

几何图是在平面上绘制的图,其顶点由点和边表示为直线段。一个几何图包含一个(k,l)-交叉族,如果存在一对边子集E_1,E_2,使得|E_1| = k,|E_2| = 1,E_1中的边是两两交叉的,E_2中的边是两两交叉的,且E_1中的每条边与E_2中的每条边不相交.我们猜想,对任意固定的k,l,每个n-顶点几何图不含(k,l)-交叉族,至多有c_{k,l} n条边,其中c_{k,l}是只依赖于k和l的常数.本文通过证明几何图F的极值函数与F的两个完全不相交副本的极值函数之间的关系的一个更一般的结果,证明了每个不含(k,k)-交叉族的n-顶点几何图至多有c_kn \log n条边,其中c_k是只依赖于k的常数.我们还解决了不含(2,1)-交叉族的几何图的猜想。作为一个直接应用,这意味着对于任何3个顶点的圆图F,每个不包含其交图是F的匹配的n-顶点几何图至多有O(n)条边。

英文摘要:

A geometric graph is a graph drawn in the plane with vertices represented by points and edges as straight-line segments. A geometric graph contains a (k,l)-crossing family if there is a pair of edge subsets E_1,E_2 such that |E_1| = k and |E_2| = l, the edges in E_1 are pairwise crossing, the edges in E_2 are pairwise crossing, and every edges in E_1 is disjoint to every edge in E_2. We conjecture that for any fixed k,l, every n-vertex geometric graph with no (k,l)-crossing family has at most c_{k,l}n edges, where c_{k,l} is a constant that depends only on k and l. In this note, we show that every n-vertex geometric graph with no (k,k)-crossing family has at most c_kn\log n edges, where c_k is a constant that depends only on k, by proving a more general result which relates extremal function of a geometric graph F with extremal function of two completely disjoint copies of F. We also settle the conjecture for geometric graphs with no (2,1)-crossing family. As a direct application, this implies that for any circle graph F on 3 vertices, every n-vertex geometric graph that does not contain a matching whose intersection graph is F has at most O(n) edges.

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