We prove that for any germ of complex analytic set in $\CC^n$ there exists a hypersurface singularity whose Milnor fibration has trivial geometric monodromy and fibre homotopic to the complement of the germ of complex analytic set. As an application we show an example of a quasi-homogeneous hypersurface singularity, with trivial geometric monodromy and simply connected and non-formal Milnor fibre.
We study the Euler characteristic of the Milnor fibre of a hypersurface singularity. This invariant is given in terms of the Euler characteristic of a fibre in between the original singularity and its Milnor fibre and in terms of the Euler characteristics associated to strata of the in-between fibre. From this we can deduce a result of Massey and Siersma regarding singularities with a one-dimensional critical locus. The result is also applied to the study of equisingularity. The famous Briançon-Speder-Teissier result states that a family of isolated hypersurface singularities is equisingular i…
Let f and g be holomorphic function-germs vanishing at the origin of a complex analytic germ of dimension three. Suppose that they have no common irreducible component and that the real analytic map-germ given by the multiplication of f by the conjugate of g has an isolated critical value at 0. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the real analytic map-germ to have a Milnor fibration and we prove that in this case the boundary of its Milnor fibre is a Waldhausen manifold. As an intermediate milestone we describe geometrically the Milnor fibre of map-germs given by the multiplication…
We study the boundary of the Milnor fibre of real analytic singularities $f: (\bR^m,0) \to (\bR^k,0)$, $m\geq k$, with an isolated critical value and the Thom $a_f$-property. We define the vanishing zone for $f$ and we give necessary and sufficient conditions for it to be a fibre bundle over the link of the singular set of $f^{-1}(0)$. In the case of singularities of the type $\fgbar: (\bC^n,0) \to (\bC,0)$ with an isoalted critical value, $f, g$ holomorphic, we further describe the degeneration of the boundary of the Milnor fibre to the link of $\fgbar$. As a milestone, we also construct a Lê…
We study function germs on toric varieties which are nondegenerate for their Newton diagram. We express their motivic Milnor fibre in terms of their Newton diagram. We extend a formula for the motivic nearby fibre to the case of a toroidal degeneration. We illustrate this by some examples.
Given a regular map f from a smooth complex variety to the affine line, we define a motivic Milnor fiber at infinity and we compute it in the case of a non degenerate Laurent polynomial for its Newton polyhedra at infinity.
We study the topology of a line singularity, which is a complex hypersurface with non-isolated singularity given by a complex line. We describe the degeneration of its Milnor fibre to the singular hypersurface by means of a pair of polyhedra, one in the Milnor fibre and other in the singular fibre, which are deformation retracts of the corresponding fibres; and a continuous map taking the Milnor fibre to the singular fibre and the first polyhedron to the second one, which restrict to a homeomorphism outside the polyhedra. In the same sense, we also study the topology of a complex isolated sing…
Let $ Φ: ({\mathbb C}^2, 0) \to ( {\mathbb C}^3, 0) $ be a finitely determined complex analytic germ and let $(\{f=0\},0)$ be the reduced equation of its image, a non-isolated hypersurface singularity. We provide the plumbing graph of the boundary of the Milnor fibre of $f$ from the double-point-geometry of $Φ$.
Given a nonconstant polynomial map over the reals having an isolated critical point in the origin and with zero locus of positive dimension, we establish a formula for the singular homology groups of a Milnor fibre relative to its boundary.
In this paper we show that the geometric monodromy $ϕ$ of the Milnor fibre, has finite order q if and only if the operator $ϕ^q_*$ acts trivially on the homology. The proof is based on the classical methods of surgery.
Given a real polynomial function and a point in its zero locus, we defined a set consisting of algebraic real Puiseux series naturally attached to these data. We prove that this set determines the topology and the geometry of the real Milnor fibre of the function at this point. To achieve this goal, we balance between the tameness properties of this set of Puiseux series, considered as a real algebraic object over the field of algebraic Puiseux series, and its behaviour as an infinite dimensional object over the real numbers.
The purpose of this work is to establish a link between the theory of Chern classes for singular varieties and the geometry of the varieties in question. Namely, we show that if $Z$ is a hypersurface in a compact complex manifold, defined by the zero-scheme of a nonzero holomorphic section of a very ample line bundle, then its Milnor classes, regarded as elements in the Chow group of $Z$, determine the global Lê cycles of $Z$; and viceversa: The Lê cycles determine the Milnor classes. Morally this implies, among other things, that the Milnor classes determine the topology of the local Milnor f…
Consider the germ of an isolated surface singularity in $(\mC^3,0)$. The corresponding Milnor fibre possesses the homology lattice (the integral middle homology with a natural symmetric intersection form). An old question of A.Durfee (1978) asks: is the signature of this form non-increasing under degenerations? The present article answers negatively: We give examples of Newton non-degenerate families where the signature increases under degeneration.
The Milnor fibre of any isolated hypersurface singularity contains many exact Lagrangian spheres: the vanishing cycles associated to a Morsification of the singularity. Moreover, for simple singularities, it is known that the only possible exact Lagrangians are spheres. We construct exact Lagrangian tori in the Milnor fibres of all non-simple singularities of real dimension four. This gives examples of Milnor fibres whose Fukaya categories are not generated by vanishing cycles. Also, this allows progress towards mirror symmetry for unimodal singularities, which are one level of complexity up f…
Let $(X,0) \subset (\mathbb{R}^n,0)$ be the germ of a closed subanalytic set and let $f$ and $g : (X,0) \rightarrow (\mathbb{R},0)$ be two subanalytic functions. Under some conditions, we relate the critical points of $g$ on the real Milnor fibre $X \cap f^{-1}(δ) \cap B_ε$, $0 <| δ| \ll ε\ll 1$, to the topology of this fibre and other related subanalytic sets. As an application, when $g$ is a generic linear function, we obtain an "asymptotic" Gauss-Bonnet formula for the real Milnor fibre of $f$. From this Gauss-Bonnet formula, we deduce "infinitesimal" linear kinematic formulas.
We study the cohomology theory and the canonical Milnor-Witt cycle module associated to a motivic spectrum. We prove that the heart of Morel-Voevodsky stable homotopy category over a perfect field (equipped with its homotopy t-structure) is equivalent to the category of Milnor-Witt cycle modules, thus generalising Déglise's thesis. As a corollary, we recover a theorem of Ananyevskiy and Neshitov and we prove that the Milnor-Witt K-theory groups are birational invariants.
The category of finite Milnor-Witt correspondences, introduced by Calmès and Fasel, provides a new type of correspondences closer to the motivic homotopy theoretic framework than Suslin-Voevodsky's correspondences. A fundamental result of the theory of ordinary correspondences concerns homotopy invariance of sheaves with transfers, and in the present paper we address this question in the setting of Milnor-Witt correspondences. Employing techniques due to Druzhinin, Fasel-Østvær and Garkusha-Panin, we show that homotopy invariance of presheaves with Milnor-Witt transfers is preserved under Nisn…
For a polynomial $f$ in two complex variables, we prove that the multi-link at infinity of the 0-fiber $f^{-1}(0)$ is a fibred multi-link if and only if all the values different from 0 are regular at infinity.
We study a natural Hodge module on the Hilbert scheme of four points on affine three-space, which categorifies the Donaldson--Thomas invariant of the Hilbert scheme. We determine the weight filtration on the Hodge module explicitly in terms of intersection cohomology complexes, and compute the E-polynomial of its cohomology. The computations make essential use of a description of the singularity of the Hilbert scheme as the degeneracy locus of the Pfaffian function.
Let $\mathcal{L}$ be the noncrossing partition lattice associated to a finite Coxeter group $W$. In this paper we construct explicit bases for the top homology groups of intervals and rank-selected subposets of $\mathcal{L}$. We define a multiplicative structure on the Whitney homology of $\mathcal{L}$ in terms of the basis, and the resulting algebra has similarities to the Orlik-Solomon algebra. As an application, we obtain four chain complexes which compute the integral homology of the Milnor fibre of the reflection arrangement of $W$, the Milnor fibre of the discriminant of $W$, the hyperpl…
We define a Grothendieck ring for basic real semialgebraic formulas, that is for systems of real algebraic equations and inequalities. In this ring the class of a formula takes into consideration the algebraic nature of the set of points satisfying this formula and contains as a ring the usual Grothendieck ring of real algebraic formulas. We give a realization of our ring that allows to express a class as a Z[1/2]- linear combination of classes of real algebraic formulas, so this realization gives rise to a notion of virtual Poincaré polynomial for basic semialgebraic formulas. We then define …
Let $W$ be a finite Coxeter group. We give an algebraic presentation of what we refer to as ``the non-crossing algebra'', which is associated to the hyperplane complement of $W$ and to the cohomology of its Milnor fibre. This is used to produce simpler and more general chain (and cochain) complexes which compute the integral homology and cohomology groups of the Milnor fibre $F$ of $W$. In the process we define a new, larger algebra $\widetilde{A}$, which seems to be ``dual'' to the Fomin-Kirillov algebra, and in low ranks is linearly isomorphic to it. There is also a mysterious connection bet…
Let f be a hypersurface surface local singularity whose zero set has 1-dimensional singular locus. We develop an explicit procedure that provides the boundary of the Milnor fibre of f as an oriented plumbed 3-manifold. The method provides the characteristic polynomial of the algebraic monodromy as well. Moreover, for any analytic germ g such that the pair (f,g) is an isolated complete intersection singularity, the (multiplicity system of the) open book decomposition of the boundary with binding determined by g and pages determined by the argument of g is also computed. In order to do this, we …
In this article we prove two results concerning the motivic Milnor fibres $S^ε(f)$ associated to a map germ $f: (\mathbb{R}^n,0)\to(\mathbb{R},0)$, defined by G. Comte and G. Fichou. Firstly, we prove that if $f,g:(\mathbb{R}^n,0)\to(\mathbb{R},0)$ are arc-analytically equivalent germs of Nash functions then the virtual Poincaré polynomial of the corresponding motivic Milnor fibres are equal. This extends (and provides a new proof) of a result of G. Fichou. Secondly, let $T\subset\mathbb{R}^m$ be a real algebraic set and $f: T\times(\mathbb{R}^n,0)\to\mathbb{R}$ a polynomial function of polyno…
This note is the observation that a simple combination of known results shows that the usual analytic invariants of a finitely determined multi-germ $f\colon (\mathbb{C}^2,S)\to(\mathbb{C}^3,0)$ ---namely the image Milnor number $μ_I$, the number of crosscaps and triple points, $C$ and $T$, and the Milnor number $μ(Σ)$ of the curve of double points in the target--- depend only on the embedded topological type of the image of $f$. As a consequence one obtains the topological invariance of the sign-refined Smale invariant for immersions $j\colon S^3\looparrowright S^5$ associated to finitely det…
This article and its successor concern the topology of real isolated hypersurface singularities. We prove that after attaching a certain number of handles the real Milnor fibres become contractible, with each handle corresponding to a critical point of a morsification; in particular one recovers the classical formula of Khimshiashvili for the Euler characteristic of the Milnor fibres. We then give sufficient conditions for having that the integer homology groups of the real Milnor fibres are isomorphic to the homology groups of a bouquet of spheres. This is followed by a discussion on real van…
We investigate the cohomology of the Milnor fibre of a reflection arrangement as a module for the group $Γ$ generated by the reflections, together with the cyclic monodromy. Although we succeed completely only for unitary reflection groups of rank two, we establish some general results which relate the isotypic componenents of the monodromy on the cohomology, to the Hodge structure and to the cohomology degree. Using eigenspace theory for reflection groups, we prove some sum formulae for additive functions such as the equivariant weight polynomial and certain polynomials related to the Euler c…
In the paper we use the theory of framed correpondences to construct Milnor-Witt transfers on homotopy modules. As a consequence we identify the zeroth stable $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy sheaves of smooth varieties with the zeroth homology of corresponding MW-motivic complexes and prove that the hearts of homotopy $t$-structures on the stable $\mathbb{A}^1$-derived category and the category of Milnor-Witt motives are equivalent.
We consider a real analytic map $F=(f_1,...,f_k) : (\mathbb{R}^n,0) \rightarrow (\mathbb{R}^k,0)$, $2 \le k \le n-1$, that satisfies Milnor's conditions (a) and (b) introduced by D. Massey. This implies that every real analytic $f_I=(f_{i_1},...,f_{i_l}) : (\mathbb{R}^n,0) \rightarrow (\mathbb{R}^l,0)$, induced from $F$ by projections where $1 \le l \le n-2$ and $I=\{i_1,...,i_l\}$, also satisfies Milnor's conditions (a) and (b). We give several relations between the Euler characteristics of the Milnor fibre of $F$, the Milnor fibres of the maps $f_I$, the link of $F^{-1}(0)$ and the links of …
We compute the perverse delta-homotopy heart of the motivic stable homotopy category over a base scheme with a dimension function delta, rationally or after inverting the exponential characteristic in the equicharacteristic case. In order to do that, we define the notion of homological Milnor-Witt cycle modules and construct a homotopy-invariant Rost-Schmid cycle complex. Moreover, we define the category of cohomological Milnor-Witt cycle modules and show a duality result in the smooth case.
In this work, we compute the $0$th cohomology group of a complex of groups of cobordism-framed correspondences, and prove the isomorphism to Milnor $K$-groups. An analogous result for common framed correspondences has been proved by A. Neshitov in his paper "Framed correspondences and the Milnor---Witt $K$-theory". Neshitov's result is, at the same time, a computation of the homotopy groups $π_{i,i}(S^0)(Spec(k)).$ This work could be used in the future as basis for computing homotopy groups $π_{i,i}(MGL_{\bullet})(Spec(k))$ of the spectrum $MGL_{\bullet}.$
Let $X$ be an analytic subset of an open neighbourhood $U$ of the origin $\underline{0}$ in $\mathbb{C}^n$. Let $f\colon (X,\underline{0}) \to (\mathbb{C},0)$ be holomorphic and set $V =f^{-1}(0)$. Let $\B_ε$ be a ball in $U$ of sufficiently small radius $ε>0$, centred at $\underline{0}\in\mathbb{C}^n$. We show that $f$ has an associated canonical pencil of real analytic hypersurfaces $X_θ$, with axis $V$, which leads to a fibration $Φ$ of the whole space $(X \cap \mathbb{B}_ε) \setminus V$ over $\mathbb{S}^1 $. Its restriction to $(X \cap \mathbb{S}_ε) \setminus V$ is the usual Milnor fibrati…
Let $f$ be a germ of complex analytic function at $({\mathbf{C}}^{d+1}, 0)$ such that its zero level defines an irreducible germ of quasi-ordinary hypersurface $(S,0)$. We describe the motivic Igusa zeta function, the motivic Milnor fibre and the Hodge-Steenbrink spectrum of $f$ at 0 in terms of topological invariants of the quasi-ordinary hypersurface $(S,0)$.
We describe a new relation between the topology of hypersurface complements, Milnor fibers and degree of gradient mappings. In particular we show that any projective hypersurface has affine parts which are bouquets of spheres. The main tools are the polar curves and the affine Lefschetz theory developped by H. Hamm, D.T. Lê and A. Némethi. In the special case of the hyperplane arrangements, we strengthen some results due to Orlik and Terao (see Math. Ann. 301(1995)) and obtain the minimality of hyperplane arrangements (see Randell math.AT/0011101 for another proof of this result). This is then…
We study the vanishing cycles on the Milnor fibre of a holomorphic map germ with special kind of non-isolated singularities which appear in symplectic geometry. We show, under assumptions given in the text, that the Lefschetz vanishing cycles freely generate the corresponding homology group of the Milnor fibre. We study two examples of applications: involutive systems in symplectic geometry (as characteristic varieties of $\hbar$-differential equations are of this type) and ajoint orbits in Lie algebras.
We show that there are obstructions to the existence of certain types of invariant subspaces of the Milnor monodromy; this places restrictions on the cohomology of Milnor fibres of non-isolated hypersurface singularities.
We consider the topology for a class of hypersurfaces with highly nonisolated singularites which arise as exceptional orbit varieties of a special class of prehomogeneous vector spaces, which are representations of linear algebraic groups with open orbits. These hypersurface singularities include both determinantal hypersurfaces and linear free (and free*) divisors. Although these hypersurfaces have highly nonisolated singularities, we determine the topology of their Milnor fibers, complements and links. We do so by using the action of linear algebraic groups beginning with the complement, ins…
We study unramified sections of the fundamental group sequence of smooth projective curves of genus $\geq 2$ over $p$-adic fields together with an integral model. We are particularly interested in the induced specialized sections of the special fibre and how they relate to homotopy rational points over the residue field. Under mild assumptions, such a specialized section induces a unique homotopy rational point of the special fibre that is compatible with the original section of the generic fibre in cohomological settings. We give two applications of such specialized homotopy rational points a…
For a complex analytic map f from n-space to p-space with n<p and with an isolated instability at the origin, the disentanglement of f is a local stabilization of f that is analogous to the Milnor fibre for functions. For mono-germs it is known that the disentanglement is a wedge of spheres of possibly varying dimensions. In this paper we give a condition that allows us to deduce that the same is true for a large class of multi-germs.
In this paper we prove a single exponential upper bound on the number of possible homotopy types of the fibres of a Pfaffian map, in terms of the format of its graph. In particular we show that if a semi-algebraic set $S \subset {\R}^{m+n}$, where $\R$ is a real closed field, is defined by a Boolean formula with $s$ polynomials of degrees less than $d$, and $π: {\R}^{m+n} \to {\R}^n$ is the projection on a subspace, then the number of different homotopy types of fibres of $π$ does not exceed $s^{2(m+1)n}(2^m nd)^{O(nm)}$. As applications of our main results we prove single exponential bounds o…
We constructed the analytic Milnor fiber is a non-archimedean model of the classical topological Milnor fibration. In the present paper, we describe the homotopy type of the analytic Milnor fiber in terms of a strictly semi-stable model, and we show that its singular cohomology coincides with the weight zero part of the mixed Hodge structure on the nearby cohomology. We give a similar expression for Denef and Loeser's motivic Milnor fiber in terms of a strictly semi-stable model.
In [22] Milnor proved that a real analytic map $f\colon (R^n,0) \to (R^p,0)$, where $n \geq p$, with an isolated critical point at the origin has a fibration on the tube $f|\colon B_ε^n \cap f^{-1}(S_δ^{p-1}) \to S_δ^{p-1}$. Constructing a vector field such that, (1) it is transverse to the spheres, and (2) it is transverse to the tubes, he "inflates" the tube to the sphere, to get a fibration $φ\colon S_ε^{n-1} \setminus f^{-1}(0) \to S^{p-1}$, but the projection is not necessarily given by $f/ \|f\|$ as in the complex case. In the case $f$ has isolated critical value, in [9] it was proved th…
Through the study of Morse theory on the associated Milnor fiber, we show that complex hyperplane arrangement complements are minimal. That is, the complement of a complex hyperplane arrangement has the homotopy type of a CW complex in which the number of p-cells equals the p-th betti number.
We study one parameter deformations of a pair consisting of an analytic singular space $X_0$ and a function $f_0$ on it, in case this defines an isolated singularity. We prove, under general conditions, a bouquet decomposition of the Milnor fibre when the isolated singularity splits in the deformation and the invariance of the Milnor fibration if there is no splitting.
Using the trivial fiber topology we describe motivic $\infty$-loop spaces and fibrant replacements in the motivic stable homotopy category $\mathbf{SH}_{\mathbb{A}^1,\mathrm{Nis}}(B)$ defined over one-dimensional base schemes $B$.
We encode the variation structure of a quasihomogeneous polynomial with an isolated singularity as introduced by Nemethi in a set of spectral flows of the signature operator on the Milnor bundle by varying global elliptic boundary conditions in a specific way using the quasihomogeneous circle action on the Brieskorn lattice. For this, we use adiabatic techniques and well-known results on spectral flow and Maslov index. Furthermore we interpret the inequality of a certain member of this family of spectral flows with a spectral flow induced by a Reeb flow on the boundary of the Milnor fibre as g…
For each complex central essential hyperplane arrangement $\mathcal{A}$, let $F_{\mathcal{A}}$ denote its Milnor fiber. We use Tevelev's theory of tropical compactifications to study invariants related to the mixed Hodge structure on the cohomology of $F_{\mathcal{A}}$. We prove that the map taking each arrangement $\mathcal{A}$ to the Hodge-Deligne polynomial of $F_{\mathcal{A}}$ is locally constant on the realization space of any loop-free matroid. When $\mathcal{A}$ consists of distinct hyperplanes, we also give a combinatorial description for the homotopy type of the boundary complex of an…
We present new results on equisingularity and equinormalizability of families with isolated non-normal singularities (INNS) of arbitrary dimension. We define a $δ$-invariant and a $μ$-invariant for an INNS and prove necessary and sufficient numerical conditions for equinormalizability and weak equinormalizability using $δ$ and $μ$. Moreover, we determine the number of connected components of the Milnor fibre of an arbitrary INNS. For families of generically reduced curves, we investigate the topological behavior of the Milnor fibre and characterize topological triviality of such families. Fina…
We study versions of homological mirror symmetry for hypersurface cusp singularities and the three hypersurface simple elliptic singularities. We show that the Milnor fibres of each of these carries a distinguished Lefschetz fibration; its derived directed Fukaya category is equivalent to the derived category of coherent sheaves on a smooth rational surface $Y_{p,q,r}$. By using localization techniques on both sides, we get an isomorphism between the derived wrapped Fukaya category of the Milnor fibre and the derived category of coherent sheaves on a quasi-projective surface given by deleting …
Let f_1 and f_2 be real analytic germs of independent variables. In this paper, we assume that f_1, f_2 and f = f_1 + f_2 satisfy a_f -condition. Then we show that the tubular Milnor fiber of f is homotopy equivalent to the join of tubular Milnor fibers of f_1 and f_2.
Given any pointed CW complex (X,x), it is well known that the fondamental group of X pointed at x is naturally isomorphic to the automorphism group of the functor which associates to a locally constant sheaf on X its fibre at x. The purpose of this work is to generalize this fact to higher homotopy. For this we introduce the (infinite) category of locally constant stacks on X, and we prove that the loop-space of endomorphisms of its fibre functor at x is naturally equivalent to the loop space of X based at x.
We prove an algebraic formula for the Euler characteristic of the Milnor fibres of functions with critical locus a smooth curve on a space which is a weighted homogeneous complete intersection with isolated singularity.
In this article we study the topology of a family of real analytic germs $F \colon (\mathbb{C}^3,0) \to (\mathbb{C},0)$ with isolated critical point at 0, given by $F(x,y,z)=f(x,y)\bar{g(x,y)}+z^r$, where $f$ and $g$ are holomorphic, $r \in \mathbb{Z}^+$ and $r \geq 2$. We describe the link $L_F$ as a graph manifold using its natural open book decomposition, related to the Milnor fibration of the map-germ $f \bar{g}$ and the description of its monodromy as a quasi-periodic diffeomorphism through its Nielsen invariants. Furthermore, such a germ $F$ gives rise to a Milnor fibration $\frac{F}{|F|…
For analytic map germs $f: (\mathbb{R}^n, 0)\to (\mathbb{R}, 0)$ having an isolated critical value in the origin with $\dim V(f)>0$ and satisfying the transversality property of D.B. Massey we show that for $c>0$ a large enough constant, and $k$ a large enough natural number the local Milnor-Lê fibers of $f$ and of the isolated singularity $g=f-c(\sum_{i=1}^n x_i^2)^k$ satisfies the following. There exists a homotopy equivalence between the negative Milnor-Lê fiber of $f$, to which a cobordism between its boundary and the link of $f$ has been adjoined, and the negative Milnor-Lê fiber of $g$.
